Wang Guowei proposed the aesthetic concepts of "separation" and "non-separation", but he only gave examples without defining them. Based on the analysis of the examples he provided, we can know that "separation" and "non-separation" are a comprehensive evaluation and concentrated summary of a series of aesthetic activities and aesthetic phenomena that occur in the process of poetry creation and appreciation. From the horizontal aspect, there are three main factors: "emotion", "scenery" and "ci"; from the vertical aspect, it also includes three links: the formation of the artistic realm, the materialization of the artistic realm, and the reproduction of the artistic realm. Viewed separately, the three major factors and three links are different from each other and serve their own purposes. Improper handling of any point can affect the aesthetic effect and cause varying degrees of "separation"; on the contrary, in order to obtain the best aesthetic effect of the work, To reach a higher aesthetic realm - "no separation", all factors and links must be dialectically unified. As far as writing "emotion" is concerned, Wang Guowei believes that "true" is "not separated", while painting is "separated". The two examples mentioned above in "Nineteen Ancient Poems" that express feelings without separation have the same characteristic of expressing true feelings directly without any concealment, while the sixty-second poem in "The Life of Human Words" In the middle, he also pointed out: "I used to be a housewife, but now I am a slut. The slut has not returned for a long time, and it is difficult to stay alone in an empty bed." Why not take advantage of the high-ranking officials and seize the important road first. If you do nothing for a long time, you will be poor and lowly. It can be said that it is especially obscene and despicable. It is the same with the great poets of the Five Dynasties and Northern Song Dynasty, but those who read it find it profound and touching; There are no contemptible words, but I feel full of energy. It can be seen that the disease caused by obscene words and contemptuous words is not a disease caused by obscenity and contempt, but a disease caused by wandering. "In real life, people's emotions include chastity and lust. There are noble and despicable people, and their ethical values ??are different. But if it is expressed in poetry, only "truth" can be beautiful. If it is not true, it cannot move people, and if it is not true, it cannot make people feel beautiful. Liu Xie said that "emotion is the basis of literature", so he praised "the poet's poems are created for the sake of love" and criticized "the poet's poems and praises are created for the sake of literature". Du Fu's poems "take the true character directly." Liu Xizai commented on Zheng Banqiao, "Whether calligraphy and painting are heroic or elegant, they only write about innocence." They all believe that "true feelings" are the basis of beauty in Yiming's works. Wang Guowei further pointed out that the obscene feelings in life can make people feel beautiful if they are "true" in poetry. On the contrary, the noble emotions in life are painted in poetry and become wandering words. People know that they are fake and will not realize their beauty. It can be seen that the "separation" and "non-separation" of poetic works with "emotion" as the aesthetic object are expressed as true or unreal, and their essence is beautiful or unbeautiful. The essence of "separation" and "non-separation" in works that describe scenery and objects lies in whether and to what extent it can make people feel beautiful. But the reason why it can make people feel beautiful is different from writing about emotions. Because it mainly lies in obtaining the "spiritual principle" of the scenery, rather than pursuing the reality of the appearance. Wang Guowei said: "Meicheng (Zhou Bangyan)'s "Qingyu Case" has a poem: "The first sun on the leaves is dry and the rain has stayed. The water surface is clear and round, and the wind lifts the lotus one by one." This is the person who can really understand the spiritual principle of lotus. Jue Baishi (Jiang Kui) ) "Niannujiao" and "Cherishing the Red Clothes" still have the feeling of looking at flowers through the fog.
Can the relevant information about the artistic realm embodied in the work be quickly and clearly perceived by readers? , and whether it can quickly, clearly and massively arouse readers' relevant life experience and aesthetic experience after being perceived, and then guide readers to use their own experience to quickly and clearly create an artistic realm that is close to the original work. This difference is "separation" And "separation". If it can be "not separated", if not, it can be "separated". The degree of speed and clarity is different, that is, there are different degrees of "separation" and "no separation". Ouyang Xiu's "Youth Travel". ——The first half of Wing Chun Cao, "The words are all in the present, there is no separation", which refers to the artistic realm materialized in it, which can be quickly and clearly copied in the reader's mind, and the information carried by its language and characters , has a particularly powerful power to evoke the readers' life experience and aesthetic experience, and the second half of the poem "On the Xiejia Pond, by the River Yanpu" can only evoke the aftermath of the aesthetic feelings the readers had when appreciating the relevant works. , coupled with the different attributes of these feelings, it is difficult to form a complete realm, so we cannot help but feel "separated".