Appreciation points
Farewell poems are a big category of ancient poems. They usually describe scenery and express parting feelings according to time and place, thus reflecting the author's thoughts and feelings. Most of these poems are touching and full of sentimental feelings, such as Liu Yong's Lin Yuling.
This kind of poetry mostly adopts the lyrical way of touching the scene and blending the scene, and also shapes the image with the help of imagination and association.
Ordinary emotion
A. I don't want to remember.
B. affectionate encouragement.
C. express your heart.
Frequent feature
Ancient farewell customs: ① Folding willows to bid farewell; 2 drinking alcohol to bid farewell; ③ Singing farewell.
The second part is homesick poems in the journey.
Appreciation points
(1) Analyze the reasons why people are homesick. Frequent wars; The mountains are long and the water is wide. Official travel does not return.
Wandering outside; Demote officials from different places
Wild geese return to their hometown; On New Year's Day and other festivals
② Understand common thoughts and feelings.
A. Wandering and anxiety: Meng Haoran's Sleeping in Jiande
B. Missing relatives and friends: Wang Wei's "Missing Shandong Brothers in Mountain Holiday"
C. Homesickness: Li Yi's "Night Crying on the Wall of Hometown"
③ Ways to express homesickness.
Touching the scene: what happened to me and me was suddenly disappointed. The original tree of the village bridge was like my hometown. (Wang Yucheng's "A Trip to the Country")
Feeling of time: enjoying the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival; Chongyang climbs high; Sad spring and sad autumn; I feel homesick at dusk.
Expressing feelings with things: moon, goose, flute and willow.
Love of dreams: I have a dream of going home at night, and it is dawn before I get to Tonglu. (Tang Fanggan's "Thinking of Jiangnan")
A wonderful metaphor for conveying feelings: homesickness (it's a small stamp).
Frequent feature
Common scenes in autumn or spring, willow trees and wine at the intersection in the early morning or evening, Changting station and ferry pier.
The third part is the love poems about women and boudoir.
Appreciation points
Love poems about missing women mainly express the sadness of abandoned women and missing women in ancient times (including women in recruitment, businessmen, vagrants, etc.). ), or the girl miss lover's mood.
Ordinary emotion
A.women miss their husbands
B mourn the perishable youth, yearn for a free and happy life, and praise sincere love.
C. Palace resentment poems, dedicated to ancient ladies-in-waiting and resentful poems because of falling out of favor, expressing their longing for luck, falling out of favor and being abandoned, loneliness and affection, and longing for love and freedom.
D in the poems complaining about women, the female images in some poems have been diluted and politicized. Mainly through the love relationship between men and women to compare the relationship between monarch and minister. It can be divided into two types: one is to express the poet's attachment to the king directly with the attachment of men and women, hoping to be reused by the king; The second is to use lovelorn men and women and abandoned women to show that they are not reused by the court.
The fourth part is pastoral poetry
Appreciation points
Landscape poetry originated from Xie Lingyun in the Southern Dynasty (Song Dynasty), and pastoral poetry originated from Tao Yuanming in the Jin Dynasty, represented by Wang Wei and Meng Haoran in the Tang Dynasty.
1, image features: landscape vegetation, birds and flowers, rural scenery, rural scenery, leisure and quiet.
2. Emotional characteristics: either express dissatisfaction with reality, or express yearning for a quiet and peaceful life, or express their leisurely attitude towards life, as well as their feelings of loving nature, yearning for freedom and yearning for seclusion. 3. Technical features: blending feelings into scenery, drawing, combining motion and static, and combining far and near.
4. Language features: beautiful and refined, fresh and natural, unpretentious.
The fifth part misses historical poems
Appreciation points
(1) Understand historical facts and intentions;
2 Analyze the writing style and experience the feelings. Later writers visited historical sites, thinking about the ancients and sighing about the past. For practical reasons, they either use the past to satirize the present, or express their feelings about the past, or feel the past and the present.
Common feelings
A. think about history calmly and rationally;
B. historical facts and reality are twisted together, which will reflect the ups and downs of the past; C. feel personal experience; D. attack the fatuity and social ills of the rulers;
Writing skills
Writing skills: there are those who borrow the past to satirize the present, those who compare the past with the present, and those who quote classics.
Part six: Poems about chanting things and expressing feelings.
Appreciation points
Poems about objects and poems about nostalgia express a person's spiritual quality or ideal pursuit by describing or appreciating unique things.
(1) Since you recite things, you should actually write about their shape, color characteristics, or their environment, and seek their "similarity". [The song is wonderful]
(2) from things to people, from reality to emptiness, write spiritual character and seek its "spirit likeness". [not stuck in something]
(3) From the point of expression, metaphor, symbol, personification, contrast, positive description and side contrast are commonly used.
Appreciation method
1, analyze the external characteristics, environmental characteristics and internal personality of the object.
2, contact the poet's own experience and social environment, try to figure out the poet's feelings and aspirations. (spirit likeness)
3. Experience the beauty of the poet's technique.
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go for a walk
Common feelings
(1) Express unwilling to be kitsch, unwilling to go with the flow, persist in individuality, and maintain pure noble sentiments;
(2) Express the sadness that you can't serve your country and meet talents;
(3) Express your carefree and comfortable state of mind.
Common images
Such as pine, bamboo, plum, lotus, fragrant grass, jingwei and so on.
The seventh part frontier fortress battle poems
Appreciation method
First, understand the background of poetry creation; For example, the poetic style of frontier fortress in the prosperous Tang Dynasty showed heroic courage and indomitable spirit; In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the national strength was weak, and there were many sadness in frontier fortress poems. During the Southern Song Dynasty, the rulers struggled for peace in the stormy weather, and most frontier poems expressed their grief. Frontier poems can best reflect the rise and fall of national luck.
Second, analyze the different artistic styles of frontier fortress poems. The artistic styles embodied in a large number of frontier poems vary widely, some are bold and broad-minded, some are magnificent, some are heroic and sad, and some are euphemistic and sad ... Only by careful understanding can we accurately understand the different artistic styles under the theme of frontier poems.
main feature
(1) Content: Frontier scenery (magnificent), rulers (militarism), soldiers (hard life).
(2) Emotion:
A. The heroic spirit of stationing troops in distant places, the desire to make contributions, and the pride of defending the country;
B. Resentment and grief make it impossible to serve the country;
C. the hardships of long-term battles and the tragic battles of successive years;
D. miss your family; E satirize the arrogance of the emperor and the greed of the border generals.
(3) The commonly used techniques are metaphor, exaggeration, allusions, expressing one's mind directly, borrowing scenery to express feelings, contrasting and setting off, combining static and dynamic, and combining reality with reality.
(4) Commonly used words: golden drums and banners, bonfire feather books, spears and swords, halberds and axes, shovels, Hu, Qiang, Jie, Yi, Yelang, Long Clouds and Autumn Moon, Snow Mountain, Lonely City, Goose Flying, Eagle Flying, Arrow Flying Horse Walking.