Ode to the Poor is a set of poems. There are seven poems, each capital is relatively independent, but some of them are integrated. One or two songs are the outline of seven songs. The first one is noble and lonely, poor and retired. The second article describes his poor and uneven embrace, starting with the following five poems, "How to comfort your bosom, why rely on the ancients to be more virtuous".
At the end of the seventh song: "Who is poor and who is difficult? It is better to learn from the past, "echoing the end of the second song, expressing his ambition to learn from the past and observe the festival in order to avoid the wind." Seven poems for the poor were written at the turn of Jin and Song Dynasties, which were the poems of Tao Yuanming in his later years. By praising the poor in ancient times, these poems show the poet's feelings of being poor and keeping his ambition and not seeking fame and fortune.
The significance of the Seven Musts in the history of poetry is remarkable. From the poetic style, it is a combination of Ruan Ji's "Yong Huai" and Zuo Si's "Yong Shi". Zhong Rong said that Tao's poems "originated from harmony and cooperated with the wind of left thinking." From the viewpoint of Forever Poor, it can be seen that Jian 'an was spread from Jin to Song at the beginning.
Looking back at other works, we can see that, as Zhu said, Tao's poems are bold, "but bold." ("Zhuzi Language" Volume 140). Therefore, this kind of poetry is the key to unlock the relationship between Tao poetry and Jian 'an style.
Brief introduction of the author
Tao Yuanming (365 ~ 427) was a poet, lyricist and essayist in Jin and Song Dynasties. A latent and vivid figure, a private and quiet festival. Xunyang Chaisang (now southwest of Jiujiang, Jiangxi) was born. Born in a declining bureaucratic family. Great-grandfather Tao Kan was the founding father of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, his grandfather was a satrap, his father died young, and his mother was the daughter of Meng Jia, a famous person in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Tao Yuanming's life can be roughly divided into three periods.
In the first period, before the age of 28, he lived in poverty since childhood because of his father's early death. In the second period, I studied as an official, from 29 years old in 393 (the 18th year of Emperor Xiaowu of Jin Dynasty) to 465,438+0 years old in 405 (the first year of Yixi in Jin 'an). In the third period, he returned to the field and died from 406 (the second year of Yixi) to 427 (the fourth year of Yuanjia, Song Wendi).