//wenwen.sogou/z/q898859600？ Si= 1 The History of Poetry was first seen in the Poems of the Tang Dynasty: "Du Fu met the difficulties of Lushan Mountain, moved to Ganchuan, finished his poems, and lived in seclusion for almost nothing, so it was named the History of Poetry." Du Fu was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty. He wrote his own experiences and feelings in the Anshi Rebellion with poetic pen, which comprehensively and profoundly reflected the social reality of this period, so he was called "the history of poetry" at that time. For example, the famous narrative poems "Three Officials" (Xin 'an Official, Shi Haoguan Official, Tongguan Official) and "Three Farewells" (Newly Married, Farewell the Old, Don't Be Homeless) are full of deep sympathy, revealing the profound disasters brought to the people by this war and showing deep feelings of worrying about the country and the people. Besides Du Fu, there are some poems written by poets, also called "the history of poetry". "Writing current affairs in Yuefu began with Cao Gong." At the end of Han Dynasty, Cao Cao was good at drawing lessons from folk songs and wrote current affairs in the old Yuefu saying. For example, "Good Li Xing" and "Autumn Dew Trip" were originally a kind of miscellaneous elegy, but later they were changed into a five-character style, which was used to "show the deep disaster brought to the people by the warlords' melee at that time. As "Hao" wrote, "Bones are exposed in the wild, and there are no crows in a thousand miles. There are hundreds of people left behind, and their thoughts are broken. " It's totally true. Ming people's evaluation of these poems is: "The record of the end of Han Dynasty is also a history of poetry." Lu You, a great poet in the Song Dynasty, called himself "60-year-old ten thousand poems". He has been engaged in writing for a long time, and his poems are numerous and rich in content, the most prominent of which is the national contradiction, the main contradiction of the times. A strong patriotism runs through all his poems like a red line. At the same time, the style of Lu's poetry is also close to Du Fu's, so it has won the reputation of a generation of "poetry history". Famous articles include Guan Shanyue, The Book of Wrath, Showing Children, etc. Wen Tianxiang was a famous national hero and an outstanding patriotic poet in the late Southern Song Dynasty. In his later poems, he learned from Du Fu, described the sufferings of the nation and the course of his own struggle, and showed lofty national integrity, such as Song Zhengqi, Crossing Lingdingyang and Jinling Post, which has always been called "the history of poetry". Wang Yuanliang, a contemporary court musician of Wen Tianxiang, wrote many documentary poems with his own personal experience. For example, Ten Drunken Songs recorded the process of the court's surrender to the Yuan Army in the Southern Song Dynasty and the situation after the surrender. Ninety-eight Poems in Huzhou describes in detail his experience of going to Yanjing with the Sixth Palace in the Southern Song Dynasty. Twenty Poems of Yuezhou tells the tragic situation that Yuan soldiers went south and ravaged half of the rivers and mountains in the Southern Song Dynasty. At that time, the poet Liu Chenweng called Wang Yuanliang's poems "the history of poetry" in the Song Dynasty. Wu was a famous poet in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. He wrote many works reflecting current events during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which contained the ups and downs of his life experience, and was also called "the history of poetry". For example, "Garden Song" reflects some historical facts about the demise of the Ming Dynasty through Chen Yuanyuan's related deeds, and six poems such as "Journey to Luzhou" imitate Du Fu's "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells" and truly show the sufferings of the people. Huang Zunxian was the most outstanding bourgeois reformist poet in the late Qing Dynasty. His poem "More News on Current Affairs" (Chen Yanshi's Poems) reflects the historical facts such as the Sino-French War, the Sino-Japanese War and Eight-Nation Alliance's entry into Beijing at that time, and has a strong spirit of the times. Poems such as Elegy for Pyongyang, Elegy for Lushun, Shout for Weihai, and Song of Liao Generals reflect the progress of the Sino-Japanese War in a timely and comprehensive manner, castigate the shameful acts of corruption and incompetence in the Qing Dynasty, expose the aggressive face of Japanese imperialism, and show the poet's patriotic spirit. Liang Qichao once spoke highly of Huang Zunxian's poems, saying that "poetry is also an official, and poetry history is also." Du Fu's poetic images truly reflect the turmoil of the times before and after the An Shi Rebellion. It is a mirror of the times and is known as "the history of poetry". This first lies in the historical cognitive value of Du Fu's poems. Important historical events that are often mentioned are reflected in his poems. In the first year of Zhide (756), the Tang Dynasty was defeated by Tao, and then by Qing Sakaguchi. Du Fu was sad for Chen Tao and also sad for Qing class. After recovering the two capitals, Du Fu wrote "Three Poems of Receiving Beijing" and "I am glad to hear that the government troops have been in the thief's territory for 20 rhymes"; Nine quarters of troops surrounded Yecheng, and it seems that victory is just around the corner. Du Fu wrote "Washing the Soldiers and Horses", in which he mentioned that the news of victory came one after another, that the Uighur army helped the war and was given preferential treatment in Chang 'an, and that the achievements in counterinsurgency reflected the general psychology caused by this incident at that time. Later, he was defeated by Yecheng in the ninth season, and enlisted soldiers to supplement his troops along the way. Du Fu has "three officials" and "three separation". The eunuch sent Lu Taiyi into the city to rebel against Guangzhou, and Du Fu later wrote Zi Ping. Some of Du Fu's poems can also make up for the loss of history. For example, the assassination of "History of Yuzhou" written in "Three Exquisites" is not recorded in the history books. From Du Fu's poems, we can see the chaotic situation of Shu after An Shi Rebellion. "Remembering the past" describes the prosperous scene of Kaiyuan: "Recalling the heyday of Kaiyuan, there were thousands of families in the town. Rice is fat and white, and public and private warehouses are rich. There are no wolves and tigers on the road in Kyushu, which is a good day to travel. Wan Qi and Lu Mao are driving school classes, and men and women do not lose. " This is a poem that is often used by historians to explain the social characteristics of the prosperous new century. Writing current affairs did not begin with Du Fu, but it was only when Du Fu arrived that he wrote current affairs with such a broad vision and so frequently. His poems provide historical facts, which can prove history and make up for its shortcomings. The "poetic history" nature of Du Fu's poems is not that it provides historical facts. Historical facts only provide events, while Du Fu's poems provide a broader, more concrete and more vivid picture of life than events. Historically, Xuanzong indulged in debauchery in his later period and recorded many facts. In Du Fu's "From Beijing to Fengxian, Sing 500 Words", we really feel the scene of debauchery: "Crossing Mount Li in the morning, the imperial couch is in the tomb. Chiyou is cold and the cliff is slippery. Yaochi qi stagnation method, feather forest phase Mojia. The monarch and the minister stay for fun, and the music moves the Yinjiao Pavilion. Baths are all long tassels, and banquets are not short brown. All the silks in Tongting belong to cold women. Whip her husband's family and gather in Miyagi Que. ..... Smell the gold plate, all in the Huo Wei room. There are immortals in nave, as ethereal as jade. I'm embarrassed to drive away my sadness by entertaining guests with mink. Advise customers to camel's hoof soup, and frost orange presses fragrant orange. Zhumen wine stinks, and the road has frozen bones. " What is described here is a specific scene, and even the atmosphere and feelings felt when facing this scene are there. Even if we write about the sufferings brought by the war to the people, their experiences and their inner sadness from a person and a family, we can still feel some psychological States of the society at that time. From the beginning of understanding history, this kind of poetry has the significance of poetry history. Such as "Homeless": after the lonely Tianbao, the garden is full of Artemisia annua. I live in 100 families, and everything is in a mess. There is no news of the survivors, and the dead are dust and mud. Because of the defeat, the bitch came back to find the old way. After a long walk, I saw an empty lane, and it was thin and miserable. But for Kitsune to tanuki, my hair stands on end. What are the neighbors? One or two old ladies. Love birds and branches, quiet and poor. Fang Chun hoes alone and irrigates at dusk. When the county official knew I was here, he called a drum shovel. Although he served in Honshu Island, he didn't bring anything. When you get close, you will get lost. There are swings everywhere in my hometown, and the distance is neat. A mother who is always in pain and has been ill for a long time, appoints a ditch flow for five years. I was born weak and sour about life. Life is homeless, why is it steaming? I wrote that my hometown was desolate, my mother died of illness and was homeless, so I had to join the army again, which reflected the sufferings of the people in the war zone at that time and was unbearable to look back. He unfolded the inner world of people in the war one by one, which made people feel sad for thousands of years. Poems such as Three Poems of Qiang Village, Mourning for Sun Wang, Ai Jiangtou and Northern Expedition are all written in this way. Du Fu's poems are called "the history of poetry". However, Du Fu's poetry, as a "history of poetry", is not an objective narrative. They write history in the style of poetry, but at the same time, they deeply reflect the reality and express the author's mood through a unique style. Pu Qilong, a Qing Dynasty man, said: "Poems of Shaoling are a person's temperament, and things of the Three Dynasties must be sent to others." (Reading-Jie's Poems on Chronology of Shaoling) Most of Du Fu's poems involve major issues such as politics, economy, military affairs and people's life in Xuanzong, Suzong and Daizong periods, but they are permeated with the poet's true feelings everywhere. For example, Du Fu's two masterpieces in his middle age, From Beijing to Fengxian, Singing 500 Words and Northern Expedition, contain lyricism, narration, discipline, reasoning, observing nature, exposing social contradictions, inner conflicts, political aspirations and opinions, personal experiences and family misfortunes, disasters of the country and people, and hopes for the future. These two long poems contain such rich contents that the author's emotions fluctuate and his language gallops, which proves that he is keenly sensitive to various phenomena of nature and society in this unfortunate era. Such a poem is a self-report of the poet's life and heart, and also a * * * report of the times and society. The fate of individuals is closely related to the fate of the people of the country, and the two have also reached a high degree of artistic integration. Another example is "Going to Jionji Pagoda with Gentlemen" and "Love the River Head", which are short in length, but also have this feature. Since the late Tianbao period, Du Fu has written a large number of poems on current affairs, whether stating political views, such as Washing Soldiers and Feeling written by Zizhou. Or expose the dissolute cruelty of the rulers, such as "Two Ways", "Two Memories of the Past" and "Yun 'an Three quatrains"; Or allegorical satire, such as Phoenix Terrace, Sick Orange, Dead Brown, and Guest from; Or sympathy and care for the poor people, such as "the hut was blown by the autumn wind" and "Wu Lang again"; It is a combination of personal feelings and facts. There are also many long stories, some of which record the major events of the country in the past decade, such as "Huai Fu Shu Huai" and "Up to now"; Some describe local chaos, such as Caotang and Hengzhou; Some reminisce about the past, such as "Forced Random Story" and "Farewell"; What's more, as Pu Qilong said, "Give up the world or give up your life" (Reading Du Fu's Outline) contains strong lyrical elements. The theme of war occupies a considerable number in Du Fu's poems. Du Fu held different attitudes towards different types of wars. Oppose the imperial court's belligerence and waste of manpower and material resources, such as Garage Shop, Kuizhou Letter, and Going Down the Hill in the Backyard; It is supportive to quell the rebellion and resist foreign aggression, such as "Watching Western Soldiers Stand by in Guanzhong" and "Watching Soldiers" in the early period of the An Shi Rebellion, and "Chronicle" written when Tubo invaded. What these poems condemn and praise is very clear. There are also some poems about war, both praising and condemning. Two groups of famous poems, before and after the dike, describe the changes of soldiers' mood in the process of joining the army, and actually reflect the poets' different views on the war from different angles. These two groups of poems praise the heroic scene on the battlefield, how soldiers are good at fighting, brave in sacrifice and win; He also condemned the king's endless frontier exploration and the arrogance and extravagance of the lords, which made the record lose its positive significance. These two groups of poems summarize the unfortunate fate of countless heroic soldiers through the confession of a soldier. Another example is "Three Officials" and "Three Partings", which more specifically express the author's inner conflict. On the way to Luoyang, Du Fu saw violent police forcibly recruiting young boys and lonely old people. He accused these people and condemned those officials, but when he thought of the lack of able-bodied men and the current enemies, he changed his tone and said a few words of comfort or encouragement to the conscripts as much as possible. In Yuan Dynasty, Du Fu wrote many poems about nature. The purpose of his singing is often to connect himself with current events. Poetry criticism and past dynasties' comments have made a lot of discussions on Du Shili's high degree of "scene blending". Du Fu's poems are not only highly integrated with scenes, but also with feelings, scenes and current events. When writing scenes and expressing feelings, the author seldom leaves reality, thinking of the era of war and chaos and people's misery. For example, when he was trapped in occupied Chang 'an, he wrote "Spring Watch" and when he entered Shu, he wrote "Jianmenguan", which are the most representative. In his later years, Du Fu made great achievements in this kind of poems, such as The Pavilion of Five Laws, On the River, Jianghan, Climbing the Building, Fermented Bean Curd, Night in the Pavilion, Eight Poems of Autumn Prosperity, etc., which are all famous works with a blend of scenes and current affairs. 1. Du Fu's poems comprehensively and profoundly reflected that turbulent and war-torn era. The so-called "history of poetry" is not only to record historical events in the form of poetry, but to show a more detailed and vivid social picture than historical books. Du Fu's vivid descriptions and vivid images made us feel the social situation at that time, especially the living conditions of the lower classes. The first feature of his narrative is that he is good at capturing details and introducing readers into a realistic atmosphere and artistic conception through every detail. The second feature of narrative is to combine distinct and strong feelings and express strong feelings in narrative. 2. The history of poetry refers to poems with historical significance that can reflect major social events in a certain period. Generally refers to literary works in other styles that can reflect social reality. 3. Du Fu (A.D. 7 12- A.D. 770) was born in Xiangyang, Henan, and Gongxian. A great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, who claimed to be a young man at night, was called "Du Li" together with Li Bai. In order to distinguish Li Shangyin, Du Mu and Xiao Du Li, Du Fu and Li Bai are also called Da Du Li, and Du Fu is often called Lao Du. Du Fu's influence on China's classical poetry is far-reaching, and he is called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Caotang.