Gorky (1868.3.28-1936.6.18) English Gorky Maxim, whose full name is Gorky Maxim, formerly known as Alexei Maximovich Piskov, also known as Sklevski, is a great proletarian writer in the former Soviet Union. Lenin said he was a "proletariat". Born on March 28th in Nizhny Novgorky Road (now Gorky City) 1868 on the Volga River in Russia.
His father is a carpenter. He lost his father in his early years and lived in his grandfather's house, which ran a small dye house. 1 1 years old began to make a living independently, and spent his childhood and adolescence at the bottom of the old society. Gorky's extraordinary early experiences are vividly described in his famous autobiography trilogy. The suffering of the world and the bitterness of life have honed his fighting spirit; In addition to heavy work, he also studies hard by himself. The experience and profound understanding of the painful life of the people at the bottom of society has become an inexhaustible source of his creation.
Representative: mother, childhood on earth, my university.
Hemingway
Ernest? m？ Ernest hemingway (1899 ~ 196 1) is an American novelist. 1954 Nobel Prize in Literature winner, founder of "news style" novel.
Masterpiece: The Old Man and the Sea
Lawrence
David Herbert Lawrence (1885- 1930) is an English writer and poet.
When it comes to English literature, we can't help mentioning Lawrence, who is one of the most unique and controversial writers in Britain in the 20th century. He wrote many famous works, including Lady Chatterley's Lover (1928), Sons and Lovers, Rainbow (19 15) and Rainbow.
Margaret mitchell (1900- 1949)
1900165438+1October 8th, Margaret Mitchell0 was born into a lawyer's family in Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Representative: Gone with the Wind
Jack London
Jack London (1876 65438+1October12 ~1916 65438+1October 22nd) was born as John Griffith London. He is a famous American realistic writer. Known as "the father of American proletarian literature". His works are not only widely circulated in America, but also welcomed by people all over the world. He is the author of more than 50 books such as Martin Eden and The Call of the Wild.
Proust (187 1- 1922)
Representative: Memories of lost years.
Ethel Lillian Voynich (1864 ~ 1960) was born in Cork, Ireland. His father George Poole, formerly known as Poole, is a mathematician. She lost her father in her early years and moved to London with her mother from Ireland.
Representative: the gadfly
Tagore
Rabindranath Tagore (186 1 May 7th-194 1 August 7th) is an Indian poet, writer, philosopher and Indian nationalist. 19 13 was awarded Nobel Prize in Literature.
Tagore was born in Calcutta, India, a well-educated and wealthy family. His father is a local Hindu leader. In foreign countries, Tagore is generally regarded as a poet, but rarely regarded as a philosopher, but in India, the two are often the same. His poems contain profound religious and philosophical views. For Tagore, his poems are his gifts to God, and he himself is the pursuer of God. His poems enjoy an epic status in India. He himself is regarded as a saint by many Hindus. He participated in and led the Renaissance in India. In addition to poetry, Tagore wrote novels, essays, travel notes, plays and more than 2,000 songs. His poems are mainly written in Bengali, where his poems are very popular.
Representatives: bird, Rabindranath tagorelli, crescent moon.
Oscar Wilde
Oscar Wilde (1854, 10,16-1900,10,30) (also translated as Oscar Wilde) is a British writer.
Oscar Wilde was born in Dublin, Ireland, the second son of an outstanding family. His full name is Oscar Finger O 'Flaherty Wells Wilde. His father Sir William Wilder is a surgeon and his mother is a poet and writer.
Representative: Happy Prince
keats
Keats (full name john keats john keats, 1795—182 1) was born in London at the end of 18. He is one of the outstanding English poetry writers and a major member of the Romantic School. Father is the foreman of the stable. I loved literature since I was a child, but because of my poor family, I dropped out of school to study medicine before 16 years old. His parents died when they were teenagers. Although they supported each other with their brothers and sisters, the sadness of losing their parents prematurely always affected him. Keats received a traditional and formal education at enfield School. Keats was encouraged by his teacher Charles Corden Clark in reading and writing. Young Keats likes Virgil very much. /kloc-at the age of 0/4, he translated Virgil's long poem Aeneas into English. 18 10, Keats was sent as an apprentice to a pharmacist. Keats was admitted to a medical school in London five years later, but within a year, Keats gave up his wish to be a doctor and concentrated on writing poetry. Keats tried to write poetry very early, and most of his early works were imitations. 18 17, Keats' first collection of poems was published. This collection of poems received some favorable comments, but some extremely harsh and rude comments were published in an influential magazine at that time (blackwood magazine). Undeterred, Keats copied Endymion, his new poetry collection, in the following spring. 18/kloc-in the summer of 0/8, Keats traveled to northern England and Scotland. On the way, he got the news that his brother Tom was suffering from severe tuberculosis. Keats hurried home to take care of Tom at once. At the end of this year, Tom died, and Keats moved to a friend's house in hampstead, Hampshire, which is now regarded as Keats' home. There, Keats met and fell in love with a young female neighbor, Fanny Braun. In the next few years, illness and economic problems have been bothering Keats, but he unexpectedly wrote a lot of excellent works, including A Night in St. agnes, Ode to Autumn, Ode to a Nightingale and Ode to Autumn, which showed the poet's strong feelings and love for nature and won a great reputation. Keats coughed up blood for the first time in March. 1820. Keats died of rapidly deteriorating tuberculosis on February 23rd, 182 1. When he died, only his young and loyal friend, the painter Severn, accompanied him.
Representative: Ode to Isabella and the Nightingale.
Charlotte Brontke
Charlotte bronte (English: charlotte bronte? ,1865438+April 2 1, 06-65438+March 3 1, 0855, or translated as Charlotte Brontexq and Charlotte Brontexq) is a famous British writer in the 9th century.
Representative: Jane Eyre
Maupassant
Mo Bosang, full name of guy de maupassant (Guy de Maupassant1850-1893): 65,438+An outstanding French critical realist writer in the second half of the 9th century, who studied under the famous French writer Flaubert. He wrote six novels and more than 350 short stories in his life, among which short stories are the most outstanding. He is one of the three great masters of short stories in the world, alongside Chekhov and O Henry, and has a great influence on later generations. He is good at intercepting typical fragments from trivial matters and summing up the truth of life from childhood to adulthood. His short stories are ingenious in conception, changeable in plot, vivid and meticulous in description, depicting human feelings and the world, which makes people memorable after reading them.
Representatives: boule de suif, bel ami and my uncle Yule.
[Name] Mark Twain (American humorist, novelist, writer and speaker)
Mark Twain, formerly known as Samuel Langhorne Clemens;
Mark Twain (1835165438+1October 30-1965438+April 2 1 00) is an American humorist, novelist, writer and famous speaker./kloc Although his family wealth is not much, it does not damage his humor, wit and fame. He is one of the most famous people in America. He has a wide range of friends, including William Dean Howells, Booker Washington, nikola tesla, Helen Keller and Henry Roger. He was once called Lincoln in the history of literature. Helen Keller once said, "I like Mark Twain-who doesn't like him?" Even God will love him, give him wisdom and draw a rainbow of love and faith in his heart. William faulkner called Mark Twain "the first real American writer, and we all inherited him". He died in 19 10 at the age of 75 and was buried in Aymara, new york.
Representative works: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
Dumas
Alexandre Du Masi Fils (alexandre dumasfils,1July 24th, 802-1February 5th, 870), also known as Dumas, was an active romantic writer in French19th century. Dumas taught himself and wrote 300 books in his life, mainly known for his novels and plays. Dumas abided by * * * and political views and opposed the monarchy. Being a mulatto, he has been plagued by racism all his life. In 2002, Dumas died 132 years later, and finally moved into the Pantheon in France.
Representative: Count of Monte Cristo
Flaubert
Date of birth: 182 1- 1880.
An important French critical realist writer
Flaubert,18211212, an important French critical realism writer, was born in Rouen to a famous family of surgeons. His works reflect the era of France in the period of 1848- 187 1 and expose the ugly and vulgar bourgeois society. His "objective indifference" creative theory and fine artistic style are unique in the history of French literature. Living in a hospital environment since childhood has cultivated Flaubert's experimental tendency and made him pay attention to careful observation of things, which is incompatible with religion. He formed a close friendship with the young philosopher Boyteven very early, and Boyteven's pessimism and aestheticism had a considerable influence on Flaubert. Flaubert's thought also has obvious influence of Spinoza's atheism. In middle school, he enthusiastically read romantic works and engaged in literary work. These works show "demonic egoism" and anarchism fanaticism, with a strong romantic color. Memories of a Madman (1838) describes his passionate feelings for the wife of a music publisher, who is the prototype of Mrs. Arnold in Emotional Education.
Representative: Madame Bovary
Turgenev
Ivan sergeyevich Turgenev (Russian: ивансергеевичтурге)
Representatives: father and son
Andersen (1805 ~ 1875)
Andersen, Danish fairy tale master and writer. Born in a slum, he received a college education. 1835~ 1872 published a series of stories, breaking the traditional literary model and using slang and popular language to structure the story content. He extracted popular elements from folklore and combined with imagination to create works such as Ugly Duckling and Emperor's New Clothes. Some stories show optimistic belief that goodness and beauty will prevail, while others are very pessimistic and have extremely unfortunate endings.
Representative: Andersen's fairy tales
Yasunari Kawabata (Japan)
Yasunari Kawabata (1899~ 1972), a famous Japanese writer, was born in a doctor's family in Osaka. The early death of parents, childhood sadness and loneliness have a great influence on later literary creation. Together with Li Guangli and others, he initiated a literary movement of neo-sensualism. 1929 joined the new art school, and later tended to new psychology. 1968 Nobel Prize in Literature. His representative works include novella Snow Country, Thousand Cranes, Sleeping Beauty, Ancient Capital, and short story Izu's Song Girl. The theme of Kawabata Yasunari's novels is basically about love and death. He integrated the creative techniques of western literature into the tradition of Japanese classical literature, and his works were sentimental and charming, with an aestheticism tendency in art.
Doris Lessing (19 19 ~)
One of the most important writers in contemporary Britain is regarded as the greatest female writer after Woolf. From 65438 to 0962, she published The Golden Notebook, which established her position in the western literary world and won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2007.
Masterpieces: The Golden Notebook and The Grass is Singing.
Many people died, but they were all famous.