William wordsworth (1770- 1850) is an outstanding representative of English romantic poets in the 9th century. Similar to China's landscape poets Xie Lingyun and Wang Wei, Wordsworth achieved the highest achievement in English poetry with his landscape poems describing nature. Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey are called "lake poets" because they all lived in Cumberland Lake District in northwest England. They like to express their feelings with symbols and romantic styles, which has a great influence on Xu Zhimo's lyric poems and has many similar traces. This paper mainly uses the methods of comparative literature influence research and parallel research to make a superficial comparison between Xu Zhimo's and Wordsworth's poems, especially landscape lyric poems.
Wordsworth was a conservative "Lake Poet" in England at that time, and was called a negative romantic poet. He likes to write landscapes, flowers and birds, such as lyric hymns, daffodils and cuckoos in Appreciating Nature. Wordsworth said, "Nature is everything to me." "All good poems are the natural expression of strong feelings, because the author is very sensitive and has been thinking for a long time." This is because he emphasized that poetry should not only transcend human intelligence, emotion and rationality; It is also reasonable to balance emotion and reason. China's "Crescent School" poets, represented by Xu Zhimo, attach importance to nature, reason and meter, which is a benign acceptance of Wordsworth's poetic thought. Xu Zhimo emphasized the emotion of poetry and mentioned Wordsworth in many articles, thinking that nature is a wonderful book.
Nature in Wordsworth's mind is firstly the inheritance of nature in the eyes of landscape painters. His masterpiece, Next to Tinden Abbey, is a masterpiece of English romanticism, which is passed down to later generations.
I think
Something startled me, and it brought
The joy of lofty thoughts, the feeling of detachment,
Such as highly integrated things.
The afterglow of the sunset,
From the ocean and fresh air,
From the blue sky and the heart,
A kind of motivation, a kind of spirit, a kind of push.
Everything that can think, everything that can think,
Check it from beginning to end.
The theme of this poem is the life of ordinary people, which shows osawa's love for natural landscape and barren hills. This thought of loving mountains, love the water, nature and wandering deeply influenced Xu Zhimo. For poets, the relationship between man and nature is a blend of each other. Wordsworth emphasized the importance of natural emotion in his poems. All kinds of natural scenery make romantic poets gradually free and calm from the loneliness of the city and the oppression of human suffering, and their hearts become pure, quiet, affectionate and full of love. Xu Zhimo, a poet of the "Crescent School" who advocates romance and likes to use symbols, has also written many poems that transcend time and space, describe and eulogize nature. These poems have both rational colors and mysterious essence, and are the unity of humanity, rationality and divinity, such as his masterpiece Farewell to Cambridge:
I left quietly,
When I came softly;
I waved gently,
Say goodbye to the western clouds.
Golden willow by the river,
Is the bride in the sunset;
Pornographic shadows in the waves,
Ripple in my heart.
Green grass on the soft mud,
Oily, swaying at the bottom of the water;
In the gentle waves of He Kang River,
I would like to be an aquatic plant.
A pool in the shade of elm trees,
Not a clear spring, but a rainbow in the sky,
Crushed between floating algae,
Precipitate a rainbow-like dream.
Looking for dreams? Lift a long pole,
Back where the grass is cleaner,
Full of stars,
Sing at the stars.
But I can't play songs,
Quietly, the farewell music,
Summer insects are also silent for me,
Silence is Cambridge tonight!
I left quietly,
Just as I came quietly;
Wave your sleeve,
Don't take away a cloud.
The poem also writes that nature is the source of happiness, and happiness comes from the poet's fresh acquisition and feeling of nature.
As far as the theme is concerned, both Xu Zhimo's and Wordsworth's poems praise the beauty of nature. Xu Zhimo writes about mountains, water and flowers and birds, such as Dongshan ditty, Farewell to Cambridge, Zhaowu Caohua and Du Fu. Wordsworth eulogizes rural life, describes simple nature and loves landscape flowers and birds, such as the lyric hymns of thanking nature, daffodils and cuckoos mentioned above. Moreover, the two poets are like-minded, such as Wordsworth's sympathy and pity for the elderly and children in poems such as The Lonely Reaper, and Xu Zhimo's poems such as Strange World and On an Unknown Road have the same scene. Moreover, many of Xu Zhimo's and Wordsworth's works show the same homesickness theme. It can be seen that Xu Zhimo and Wordsworth have the same effect, and both pay more attention to the natural and simple rural life that has not been polluted by civilization, injecting inner feelings and profound ideological content.
Sonnet is a kind of western lyric poem with the most rigorous and neat rhyme style. In the 1920s and 1930s, many modern poets in China, especially the crescent poets Xu Zhimo and Liang, translated, quoted and transplanted this poetic style, and tried to create sonnets, which set off the climax of sonnet creation.
Let's take a look at Wordsworth's sonnet Scenes on Westminster Bridge:
There is nothing more beautiful in the world,
If someone can ignore this beautiful scenery,
Then this person really has a leisurely spirit;
Now, the beautiful dawn is like a dressing gown.
According to the city, it is quiet and accessible-
Towers, theaters, churches and domes,
Looking out from the wild and high places, it is obvious-
Shining in the clear sky without smoke and fog.
The sun never uses its gorgeous first light,
Dye valleys and rocks brighter,
I have never seen or felt this peace!
The Thames flows freely and briskly;
Jesus Christ. Those houses seem to be asleep,
That powerful heart is lying and resting!
This poem describes what the poet saw and heard when he stood on Westminster Bridge overlooking the distant city in the early morning when the dew moved slightly. The whole poem is shrouded in a quiet, beautiful and solemn artistic conception.
Now give another example to discuss. In the comparison between Xu Zhimo's and Wordsworth's poems, there is such a situation: Xu Zhimo's sonnet A Journey to the Clouds is very similar to Wordsworth's Narcissus. The descriptions of both poems transcend the objective scenery in nature, have a strange and mysterious power, share the same fate and thinking as the poet, and both are pinning the poet's feelings on these natural scenery. From daffodil, its English name is I want to be lonely as a ...
Cloud also means "travel" in Chinese. The daffodils in the first quarter:
I wander alone, like a white cloud,
Floating in hills and valleys,
Suddenly I saw a large area ahead.
Golden daffodils;
In the Woods by the lake, looking around,
The breeze blows and the dance moves lightly.
The poet compares himself to a flowing white cloud, flying high in canyons and mountains. Suddenly, Baiyun saw a daffodil dancing in the forest by the lake, and his heart was full of joy. Scenes blend and images are vivid. Rereading Xu Zhimo's A Journey in the Clouds;
That day, you danced in the sky.
Free and relaxed, you don't want to stay.
On the other side of the sky or in the corner of the earth,
Your happiness is unrestrained freedom.
You are more casual on the humble ground.
There are first-class rivers, although you are bright.
When crossing the road, I found his ethereal soul.
Wake him up and hold on to your beautiful image.
He clung to deep sadness,
Because beauty cannot stand still in the landscape;
He wants you to fly across Qian Shan,
Cast a shadow on the wider lake and sea!
He's wasting away for you, a first-class stream,
In the hope of incompetence, I hope you fly back!
The main body of the poem is a flowing cloud, free and light, which casts a bright cloud shadow on a stream of water on the ground to wake it up from a dream. Both poems take dancing daffodils and bright clouds as vivid images, which constitute a beautiful artistic conception, pleasing to the eye and making people feel warm and cordial. The symbolic metaphor of the two poems and the poet's emotion caused by it are similar: in the same space-heaven and earth; In the same trajectory-clouds are floating around; All have the same result-the disappearance of clouds and daffodils. The difference is that Xu Zhimo fell in love with clouds from the ground, while Wordsworth looked down at the flowers on the ground from the sky. The conception of the two poems is also very similar, and both express the significance of Qingyuan's transcendence of human fireworks with ethereal and carefree white clouds. From the perspective of rhythm, rhyme and mood, it is also very close. Only one is English and the other is Chinese.
Both Xu Zhimo and Wordsworth often express homesickness, pity and tranquility by describing lyrical scenes and images between nature. Xu Zhimo and Wordsworth are so close in their interest in nature that we have to say that he accepted Wordsworth's influence. Xu Zhimo integrated his various outlook on life and life ideals into the natural scenery and meteorology, which reflected Wordsworth's view of nature of "combining human feelings with natural beauty".
For example, the image in Wordsworth's Narcissus presents a harmonious and beautiful artistic conception, which is the harmony between man and nature or between people. Please look at the second and third parts here:
Like the stars in the Milky Way,
Like a shadow, burning,
The flowers winding around the lake are very large in diameter.
Don't interrupt the queue.
A glimpse of flowers,
Dance and lick your head.
The clear water in the lake rippled,
Hu Bo is full of enthusiasm, and there are no flowers-
The poet is very proud of this,
Alone in the flowers, things are different!
Looking at the flowers and plants,
I didn't understand Yi at that time.
The poet described the images of lakes, water, rivers and flowers, which are common landscapes in romantic poems. Here, the image of dancing daffodils under the lake tree is the poet's soul mate, becoming his happy companion and giving him endless comfort when he is lonely. The poet lived in seclusion in the beautiful lake area of England for many years, and spent most of his life in meditation and hard thinking. He advocates depicting nature more to cultivate people's sentiment. This is very similar to Xu Zhimo's spiritual pursuit. Xu Zhimo is "an admirer of nature" and thinks that nature has "endless significance". All great, profound, clear and beautiful thoughts are rooted in the wind and clouds, in the ups and downs of mountains and terrain, and in the colors and fragrance of flowers and plants. As Xu Zhimo's "Sound in the Country":
The boat floated slowly in the weeping willows-
A cool breeze in early autumn,
Blow velvet onto the water,
The voice of the rural areas on both sides of the strait is blowing.
I was resting alone in the window of the boat,
Looking at the waves of the river,
Listening to the sounds far and near-
There is a tacit understanding between childhood scenes again.
Through the comparison between the two, whether in the poetic style or the rhythmic structure of the works, we all feel the beautiful blue sky and white clouds, mountains and rivers, quiet and beautiful artistic conception, all of which are integrated in the same beautiful and harmonious poems of Xu Zhimo and Wordsworth, which is the combination of meaning and image, so that we feel the charm of the same romantic poetry. We can find such examples in Wordsworth's The World, Lucy, Five Old Peaks by Xu Zhimo, A Weak Star and other lyric poems. They all created a beautiful image of harmonious combination of human emotion and natural beauty.
In contrast, it is obvious that Xu Zhimo accepted Wordsworth's influence. He worshipped Wordsworth, imitated Wordsworth, regarded Fahrenheit's poems as "immortal poems", and called the secluded lake in Fahrenheit "the center of the soft lake" as his yearning realm. The two poets have obvious traces of similar influence in creative themes, image-building, artistic techniques and poetic structure. They have the same effect and are outstanding, leaving us precious spiritual wealth.