Four poems from the old tour of Huaizhong Mausoleum (Part 1)
Du Mu
On a visit to the youngest man in the southern expedition, Yu Qing's double jade cut off the fat and fresh.
The ballad is full of spring, and the moon is full on the high platform of the silk tube.
The jade tent army is led by Luo Junyan, and there are immortals in the crimson curtain ring.
Lu Gong Yu De Jiyun is here, just like me to repay the kindness and hold the whip together.
Analysis
The so-called "use of things in things" refers to the use of allusions in a poem to complement each other and express a complete meaning at the same time. The sentence "Yu Qing's double jade cut off the fat and fresh food" in one of Du Mu's "Four Poems on Old Tours at Huai Zhongling" cited in Wei Tai's "Poetry Talk of Living in Seclusion in Linhan" is an example of repeating things within things. After Du Mu ascended the rank of Jinshi in the second year of Yamato (828), in response to the proposal of Shen Chuanshi, he went to Jiangxi in the south to observe the envoys and train their regiments as inspectors. Du Mu won the respect of Master Shen due to his family friendship and talent. Therefore, he was very grateful for this, and later wrote this poem to recall this period of his life, expressing his gratitude and condolences to Master Shen. The first two lines of this poem record the courtesy he received when he entered the master's court in Shen. Conquer the South, instruct the general to conquer the South. In history, the famous generals Du Yu and Yang Hu were both generals who conquered the south. Du Mu's poem praised Shen Chuanshi as a general who conquered the south. "The youngest" is the author's own reference. Du Mu was 26 years old at the time. "Yu Qing Shuangbi" refers to Yu Qingdian in "Historical Records". According to "Historical Records·Biography of Fan Sui", Hou Ying introduced Yu Qing's experience to Lord Xinling and said: "As soon as Yu Qing saw the King of Zhao, he gave him a pair of white jade and a hundred gold coins; when he saw him again, he worshiped him as Shang Qing; when he saw him the third time, he received the imperial seal. , was granted the title of Marquis of Ten Thousand Households." Du Mu quoted the story of Yu Qing to express his courtesy and respect by Master Shen. The phrase "cut off fat" has another origin. Wei Cao Pi's "Books with Zhong Yao" says: "I have seen jade books saying that beautiful jade is as white as cut fat, black as pure lacquer, and red as chicken combs." So "cut fat" is used to compare the beauty of jade with freshly cut fat. White and moist. In the poem, "cut fat" is used to modify "double jade". It can be seen that this poem uses two allusions to not only explain and modify each other, but also to express the poet's experience of being favored by Master Shen. In this way, through the continuous use of allusions in the poem, readers can not only have rich historical associations, expand and deepen the connotation of the poem, but also let people understand the poet's gratitude through the metaphorical enlightenment of historical allusions. From this poetic example, we can perceive the function of the artistic expression technique of repeating things within things.
In addition to the above-mentioned enrichment and deepening of the benefits of reusing things in poems, from the above poem examples, we can also understand this artistic expression technique, and it can also make the poetic expression more implicit. With the function of euphemism, such poems are more implicit and elegant. For example, the sentence "Weeping in spring is like the prisoner of Chu" uses the words "Jin Hou Guan" in "Book of Jin: Biography of Wang Dao" in "Book of Jin: Biography of Wang Dao" by people crossing the river "looking at each other with tears" and "Spring and Autumn Period: Biography of Zuo Shi Chenggong in the Ninth Year". In the military mansion, I saw Zhong Yi and asked him, "Who is the one who wants to give up the crown in the south?" There are two allusions about the poet who said to him, "The people of Zheng offered him as a prisoner of Chu." These two allusions show that the poet and Li Dingyan were involved in the affairs of society and had deep thoughts. Sad situation and mood. The implicit and elegant beauty of poetry is also an artistic realm pursued by poets. This is also one of the reasons why poets are willing to use things to make things happen again.