With his unique personality, extraordinary experience, foresight and unremitting pursuit of poetic art, Li Bai's poems have extraordinary originality and are immortal in the history of literature. This is the pride of Li Bai and the pride of the times. The prosperous Tang Dynasty gave birth to such a great poet as Li Bai, and Li Bai's artistic achievements were enough to add luster to the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
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Li Bai once sang his ideals and hopes with high and full emotions. This kind of ideal and hope is full of romantic sentiment, painted with quite strong magic color, and radiates very dazzling light. The pursuit of ideals and hitting a wall, Peng Bo's fantasies and frustrated complaints have all turned into poems, making them shine.
Throughout Li Bai's life, he has extraordinary political ambitions and is very conceited about his political talents. Although he was frustrated many times, his will became strong. As early as in his youth, he had the extraordinary talent of "seeking the skill of the emperor", taking helping the poor and securing the country as his own responsibility, taking Zaifu and the emperor as his teachers, hoping to get on the political stage, make an earth-shattering career, and then retire.
He often dreamed that the emperor would suddenly discover his extraordinary talents one day, and he would climb to the position of Zaifu to the letter, thus realizing his ideals and ambitions. He often compares himself with the most important figures in history, such as great politicians Lu Shang, Guan Zhong, Le Yi, Sean, Zhuge Liang, Xie An, etc., all of whom he worships. He thinks that they are all charming and politically talented people, and most of them have been reused by the emperor by accident, thus establishing immortal historical achievements. If you are lucky, you can go down in history like them and be immortal.
He weaves a beautiful and magical fantasy grand plan, which he believes will eventually become a reality. He is so confident in his political ability that he eagerly looks forward to "the combination of fish and water will lead to life in the world." He is addicted to singing "thank the guild for mutual destruction and help the poor." He thinks it is very easy to govern the country with Anbang:
"But with Dongshan Xie Anshi, I smiled and laughed at Jinghu Sand for you." "For now, I am laughing and laughing at An Liyuan."
He thinks he has economic talent, and mercilessly mocks those bookworms who have "white hair and death sentences". He compared himself to a Dapeng who soared to fight the storm. "Dapeng rises with the wind in one day and soars for nine Wan Li", and success can fly high; After losing his ambition, he still has the strength to respond forcefully to those who sneer at him. "Peng Fei xi strike eight, zhongtian xi. I am excited by the wind, and I will swim and hang stones. " I hate myself for being talented.
In all fairness, Li Bai's political ambition is often an unrealistic fantasy divorced from reality. If you want to meet unexpectedly as an emperor's teacher, you must not only have talents in the world, but also have a chance to win the battle of the Central Plains. Under the condition of national unity and political stability, it is politically impossible to reach the top, so his idea is extremely unrealistic.
However, for himself, this idea is sincere and confident, and does not mean to deceive the world or reuse it with empty words: "Since God has given talent, let it be hired!" , spin a thousand silver, all come back! " And "laughing out in the sky, is it one of us?"
The reason why he is full of confidence in the future is based on his high evaluation of political talents and his understanding and mastery of the country's future and destiny. Li Bai's soaring political enthusiasm was precisely the spirit of intellectuals who took the world as their responsibility and served the country wholeheartedly aroused by the powerful national strength at that time.
Li Bai tried to realize his grand ideal with the recommendation of some powerful people, so he was inevitably thirsty and asked for help. Although he wants something from others, he doesn't feel inferior; Although he hit a wall everywhere, it did not dampen his momentum in politics. When he asked for help, he was open-minded, did not intend to flatter, and deliberately pleased; He is arrogant and despises those who have real power and are treacherous.
Du Fu praised his pride in Song of Drinking Eight Immortals: "The son of heaven called instead of boarding the ship, calling himself Brewmaster". He himself said, "Pay attention to the Lord, tease the waves and despise the princes." In this exaggerated poem, he shows the arrogant character of being unruly and despising his ministers.
Li Bai's magnanimous mind, arrogant personality and the spirit of not changing his mind for wealth are all reflected in his poetry creation, which is magnificent and has no sense of inferiority. When it is prosperous, it "sings as drunk as a fiddler and masturbates, and dances brilliantly in the sunset"; In the adversity of hitting a wall everywhere, there is little frustration.
The heroic, optimistic and youthful emotions in Li Bai's poems, such as Spring Breeze, are full of vitality. No arrogance, no weakness, full of qi, like nature itself.
Objectively speaking, this poetic style was formed because the national strength was strong at that time, the whole society showed an upward scene, and the poet was intoxicated with the prosperity at that time. Although he also saw the shadows of the times, in his view, these shadows are like small leaves, which are not enough to cover up the brilliance of the sun.
At that time, people's spirit, temperament and demeanor fully showed optimism and self-confidence, which was also the reason why many poets, including Li Bai, were addicted to singing and pursuing fame. Therefore, they either take exams, join the army beyond the Great Wall, or live in seclusion in Ren Xia, bide their time and do everything possible to make their due contribution to the times. Subjectively speaking, this kind of poem is a kind of poem with the characteristics of the times, which fully, prominently and vividly shows the style of the times.
As mentioned above, Li Bai has a very strong desire to make contributions. He always fantasizes about creating a very brilliant, blockbuster and illuminating miracle through an extraordinary road. He hopes that his political achievements will be remembered by future generations. He has been in politics for several times, but his political talent has not been fully revealed, nor has he been able to "get out of the shadows" and make brilliant achievements that can go down in history, leaving only a bunch of arrogant anecdotes.
History mercilessly mocked the visionary and gave people a fair verdict: Li Bai was not an outstanding politician, but a poet with a long history. His political imbecility, conceit and self-confidence in his political talents are in sharp contrast with his strong desire to make contributions, which is the tragedy of Li Bai's life.
The tragedy of his life completed his literary career, which made him write so many excellent poems and wrote a glorious page in the history of China's poetry.
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Li Bai's poems show the poet's great verve, which is expressed by rich and peculiar imagination, bold exaggeration and unconventional language, and the poet's romantic temperament is also well known. This kind of poetry that creatively expresses the spirit of the times is the product of a specific period in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Li Bai's poems have no sad cries, no piercing screams, and no bleak descriptions of blood. They are majestic, magnificent, bright and natural, showing pride and optimism.
"Flying down three thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days." "Don't you see how the water of the Yellow River flows down from the sky into the ocean and never comes back?"
The poet wrote this famous article with great boldness of vision and high tone. This magnificent natural scene described in the poem is unprecedented. This poem is full of heroic beauty, showing the poet's broad mind and tolerance.
"Peach Blossom Lake has three thousands of feet, not as good as Wang Lun."
"I am worried about the bright moon, and I will go to Yelangxi with the wind." ?
"We waved goodbye and my horse kept neighing."
Expressing feelings of parting and abandoning children, there is no poem that creates feelings. This kind of poem is clear and true, which is incomparable to contemporary poets.
"lanling wine tulips, jade bowls filled with amber light."
"But I got the master drunk, and I don't know where it is."
Poets use wine to comfort their inner loneliness, and drunkenness to express their homesickness.
"Human nature is good, and Tao is evil."
"A gust of wind blew down the mountain for three days, and the white waves were higher than the crock pavilion."
"Such a trip is more difficult than climbing the blue sky."
Writing about Hengjiang River is full of dangers, and writing about Shu Road is rugged, but it makes people feel spectacular and wonderful. The poet's extraordinary mind is exposed. Reading this kind of poem can greatly arouse people's lofty sentiments.
In performance, Li Bai rarely shows gloomy mood. Although his personal career was not smooth and he hit a wall everywhere in the officialdom, he never gave up and never gave up. Although he sometimes reveals his sadness, such as "But since the water is still flowing, although we cut with swords and raise our glasses to drown our sorrows", he doesn't feel heavy after reading it.
Li Bai also writes about love. His love poems are sincere, simple and profound.
"Spring breeze, since I dare not know you, what makes you old?" Spring Thoughts describes the heroine's loyalty to love. "Northern Customs" wrote that "the Yellow River can hold soil, and the north wind hates rain and snow", and has missed her husband for a long time; "Farewell" is about the pain of parting, "Cangwu landslide, Xiang water disappears, tears on bamboo can be extinguished."
The feelings expressed in these poems are warm, sincere and simple, without the slightest frivolity or gaudiness. He contrasts the images in real life, highlights the description of the characters, and makes the images vivid and vivid.
He writes fairy poems, which are elegant and want to be immortal, just like a fairy in the clouds, and his posture is light.
"On the ladder of Green Yunfei, I am worried about my eyes ... I am watching it today, like a nine-day tour." Deng Jincheng Scattered Flowers Building
"The green ghost leans on the sky and draws by mistake ... If riding a sheep, join hands with Ling Baiyun." Mount Emei
The poet is whimsical and ambitious, so his poems are full of romantic feelings. This fantasy expressed in his poems about immortals is based on a naive fantasy. Naturally, this fantasy is a reflection of real life.
The poet is not always happy. He sometimes complains that he has no talent and sometimes feels angry, but he is not pessimistic and disappointed.
"I can swim very high, he heard others say, but it's not mine." Niuzhu Mountain sleeps at night thinking about the past.
"I said that I am in charge of ge, and I am still closed to the outside world." Give it to Yangshan people after driving to the hot springs.
The poet is broad-minded and broad-minded. Writing indignation is "the road is as wide as the blue sky, and there is no way out at present"; Write embrace, meaning "I will include a large piece, I am noble, with the same theme"; If it is difficult to write about fame and fortune for a long time, "If fame and fortune last for a long time, Hanshui River should also flow to the northwest."
Li Bai writes ideals, expresses his ambitions and cherishes friendship. Or paint landscapes and talk about life. His poems are either lofty or like a cool breeze and bright moon; Or a storm, all emotions are burning. The typical style of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty is clear and elegant, vigorous and vigorous, and harmonious and natural in rhythm. Li Bai's poems are the best expression of this phenomenon.
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When poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty wrote poems, they were always very excited and full of excitement. The poet's feelings are either happy or sad, or crying or laughing, or singing or dancing, all from the heart, without affectation. The poems written are exquisite and full of natural charm. This kind of artistic style, such as writing lightly, is more like the wind of a thousand valleys with the national color of nature, and it is pure natural.
This feature is particularly prominent in Li Bai's poems. Such as Letter to Meng Haoran, Farewell to Friends in Sichuan, Midnight Wu Ge, Farewell to Meng Haoran from the Yellow Crane Tower, Gift to Wang Lun, Yu Jiefen, Silent Night Thinking, and so on. The reason why Li Bai has a large number of poems of this style in various subjects is because of his constant and conscious pursuit of this true artistic realm.
Li Bai said that "clear water gives birth to hibiscus, which is naturally carved", "Dai Sheng is retro, and hanging clothes is expensive for halal", and "sweeping plain to write Taoist scriptures, exquisite brushwork is fascinating". It can be seen that halal, natural, thorough, delicate and inseparable is an artistic realm that Li Bai consciously strives to pursue. And his poems have reached this wonderful artistic realm in artistic expression.
Paying attention to artistic originality is another prominent feature of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and Li Bai has made outstanding achievements. His seven-character quatrains, seven-character ancient poems and Yuefu poems are particularly prominent in this respect.
China's classical poetry often loses the poet's own personality and style because of too much imitation and imitation, and has never made a significant contribution to the development of literature. With unprecedented boldness of vision, poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty made bold explorations and attempts in the artistic expression of poetry, showing their own personality characteristics. Bold artistic innovation makes their poetry styles different and famous for later generations.
For example, the seven-character song can be traced back to the Han and Wei Dynasties, and the seven-character song originated in the Six Dynasties, but its artistic maturity was in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Li Bai has made pioneering contributions to the development of these two poetic styles and pushed them to the peak. His seven poems are sincere and affectionate, with far-reaching implications, singing and sighing. With kindness, rhyme wins it, amorous feelings swings it, calmly returns the gift, and the artistic conception is far-reaching, which is praised as a swan song for a time.
His words are magnificent and powerful, the expansion and contraction of sentence patterns, the transformation of rhymes, and even the structure of rules and regulations are all strange and natural. However, his Yuefu poems often go beyond the limitations of the old Yuefu poems and are written in big words. On the other hand, in artistic expression, it is extremely ingenious. In this regard, previous poetry theorists are extremely impressed. For example, for Farewell, Yang Zai said:
"Waves open and close, like the waves of the sea, one wave is not flat, and another wave rises. Another example is the military commander's array, which thinks it is right, and then it is strange, and then it is strange, and suddenly it is right. The change in and out is extremely irregular. "
Not to mention the well-known poems, such as Shu Dao Nan, Song of Fu Liang, it is hard to go, etc.
Poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty disdained to imitate and rely on their predecessors in art, and tried their best to pursue their own unique artistic style, so they were able to stand on their own feet and be unique in artistic style, thus winning their place in the history of poetry.
Gao Shihe is good at frontier poems, Gao Qi is good at sorting, and Cen's poems are rich and colorful. Wang Wei and Meng Haoran are famous for their pastoral poems, while Wang Shi is bold and uninhibited, and Meng Shimei is beautiful. Cui Hao and others all boarded the poetry circle in the prosperous Tang Dynasty with their unique artistic style.
Li Bai, on the other hand, created a generation of leading figures in poetry with sincere feelings, heroic personality and romantic artistic conception. His style is summed up by the word "elegance" in the past, which can tell samadhi quite well. Yan Yu said in Cangzhou Shi Lang Dialect:
"Taibai's genius is luxurious and free, and many words make him successful." "Zi Mei (Du Fu) can't be elegant, too white to be depressed."
The word "elegance" refers to the style of Li Bai's poems. But it is not unreasonable to say that Li Bai's personality or attitude towards life is "elegant". Li Bai worked hard all his life, but he made no achievements in politics. Sadly, the ideal he pursued persistently failed to come true. However, with his open-minded and romantic personality, he sought to solve the problem of immortals visiting Taoism, and turned his depressed spirit into a floating gesture, thus winning the title of "fallen immortal".
"Depressed" and "elegant" are just the opposite in style. The former is suitable for expressing a deep and depressed feeling and expressing the heavy pressure and pain of mental burden; The latter is suitable for expressing a philosophical artistic conception, full of floating feelings about spiritual liberation and ease of mind.
Style is human, and using "elegance" and "gloom" can not only summarize Li and Du's character, but also their poetic style. This is not particularly true, and they are willing to accept it themselves. Du Fu once summed up his own style with "depression and frustration" in "Entering the Carving Form". Although Li Bai did not use "elegance" to summarize the style of his poems, he praised his friend Cui Chengfu in "Preface to Zepan" and said:
"Look at its frustration, the British wind is stirring, the transverse wave is flowing, thin and eternal."
It can be said that Li Bai is self-righteous It is not impossible to pick out the words "escape and frustration" from Li Bai's poems to summarize his poetic style. Li Bai used "Yixing", "Yi Yun" and "Qi Yi" to praise himself or others many times in his poems. Yi is a very high aesthetic concept in his mind.
He calls himself the "Jiuxianweng" and admires him for calling him "Xianxian". His pride is always beyond words. Du Fu praised him for "floating in the air and thinking differently" and "Jun Yibao joined the army".
The third characteristic of Li Bai's poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty is to attach importance to subjective expression and to portray a distinct self-image.
Another feature of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty is that it pays attention to subjective expression, expresses people's mental outlook and reflects the characteristics of the times through vivid self-image description. Poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty like to use naive brushstrokes to write personal real feelings for a while, showing a rather romantic artistic conception, so the poetry is mellow and meaningful.
The Tang Dynasty was the heyday of feudal society. The contents of poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty are composed of the boldness of vision, lofty sentiments and self-confidence, high self-esteem, surging political enthusiasm and strong desires and demands. As Mr. Qian Zhongshu said:
"In a person's life, the talents of young people are carried forward, so it is Tang poetry."
Poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty had no scruples in politics, so there was no need to reflect reality with Qubi. When writing poems, their emotions are high and full, so the poems written are bright in color, natural in charm and self-indulgent.
Li Bai is a typical representative of ordinary intellectuals and a leading figure in the poetry circle in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He thinks highly of himself for his achievements. His heroic hymn of high-pitched Lingyun has strong subjective feelings and shows a distinct self-image.
"I don't know what I'm doing, but I did my best. And Qin does not reward, is it a merit to attack Jinning? " A gift from Senior Brother Sun Shaofu.
"Fools suddenly strong men, not poor. I can kill two birds with one stone in Liaocheng. In the end, I didn't get a reward, and I didn't have the face to be with people at that time. " In May, a trip to Dongou East met Han Weng.
"Bow out Nanshan Tiger and join hands with Taihang Lin. After drinking, three cups of nod. Killing people is like mowing grass, and playing with Meng. Make a determined effort to go to Hangu and join the army to go to Lintao. After many battles, the Huns escaped. " whitehorse
This is a heroic ode to heroism. He called himself a hero, a strong man and a ranger. His poems are full of strong subjective feelings, jumping with a distinct self-image. This heroic spirit of "breaking the waves, and set my cloudy sail straight and bridge the deep, deep sea" is a typical example of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and it is the reappearance of heroic optimism in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Here, the poet does not reflect reality and express life with a calm and objective description, but embraces and praises reality with subjective enthusiasm, directly expresses his subjective world by praising the characters in ancient ideals, fully reveals the poet's self-mental outlook and expresses his extremely strong feelings.
It can be said that the poet's subjective world is the main object of his singing, and the poet's passion is the pulse of his poetic life. Therefore, the poet's self-image is very vivid.
Li Bai's poems with strong feelings and distinct self-image make the flourishing Tang poetry world more vigorous and fragrant. This also made him a leading chorus figure in the Tang Dynasty. His poems are the strongest in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.