Seeing the West Garden in the middle of the night is worth enjoying on the moon. It is a five-character poem written by Liu Zongyuan, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. This poem shows the emptiness and loneliness of the poet's environment, thus setting off his feeling of being suppressed in the middle. The following is the original text of this poem and its translation appreciation ~!
Original text:
From midnight, the West Park is worth the moon.
Author: Liu Zongyuan
Wake up in the middle of the night, hear the heavy dew, and open the door to face the garden in the west of Yuxi.
A Leng Yue is rising in Dongling, and the crystal sound of the air is that the water is flowing against the sparse roots.
The farther away the spring is from the rock, the more you can feel the birds' calls. Birds on the mountain make amazing soul calls from time to time.
I leaned against the pillar of my room until dawn, and I was very lonely. What else can I say?
Look at the West Garden at midnight and pay attention to the phonetic notation on the moon;
Ji? o w？ n f？ n l？ Zhu? ，kāi h？ l？ n xī yu？ n .
h？ N Yu? Shh? ng dōng lǐng？ ng l？ ng shzh？ Hello.
Shh? Qu? Do you know that?/You know what? xiǎng，shān niǎo sh？ Yang Guifei.
yǐ y？ ng su？ zh？ d？ n，j？ m？ jiāng h？ y？ n .
Looking at the West Garden from midnight, it is worth the moonlight;
I woke up in the middle of the night and heard the heavy dripping of dew.
Open the door to face the faint vegetable garden in the west of Yuxi.
A Leng Yue is rising from the ridge in the east.
The clear sound is that the water is scouring the sparse bamboo roots.
The spring water flows down from the rock, and the farther it flows, the louder it is.
Birds in the mountains sing from time to time, which is amazing.
I leaned against the post and waited until dawn.
My heart is so lonely that I have nothing to say.
Interpreting the words in Moonlit Night in the West Garden from Midnight;
(1) midnight: midnight. Value: satisfaction? At that time.
(2) sleep (residence? ): wake up.
(3) numerous dew: thick dew.
(4) Pro: Facing.
5] West Garden: refers to the vegetable garden in the west of the poet's home.
(6) Dongling: refers to the mountain east of the residence.
⑺ 泠泠泠泠 (Lingling): The voice is clear and clear.
Than (y? Yu): More.
When I make a noise, levies (xuā n Xuan): Call me from time to time.
⑽ lean (y- B): lean.
⑾ (y？ Ng camp): the pillar of the house.
⑿ Dan: Dawn, dawn.
[13] Say: Say.
Looking at the West Park from midnight on the background of the moon;
This five-character ancient poem was written by the poet when he relegated Yongzhou. In 8 10 year (Yuanhe five years), Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Yongzhou in the sixth year.
On the Value of West Garden from Midnight;
This five-character ancient poem was written by the poet when he relegated Yongzhou. In 8 10 (Yuanhe five years), Liu Zongyuan was banished to Yongzhou in the sixth year. He finally bought a piece of land by the Ranxi River in Xiaoshui. Sparse the spring across the pool, build a pavilion, and finally live next to the farm. He also runs his own vegetable garden and is willing to be a citizen of Yongzhou. He married a woman of lower status and gave birth to a daughter. "Looking at the Moon in the West Garden at midnight" should have been written during this period. Xiyuan is located in the west of the author's residence in Yuxi, Yongzhou.
It's a late autumn night. The late autumn climate in Yongzhou is pleasant, but Liu Zongyuan, who is in a foreign land, feels a chill. It's already midnight when I wake up at night. All the fields are silent and the windows are as bright as day. The dream of that moment is still vivid. The poet tossed and turned, unable to sleep any more, bored, and even heard the subtle sound of dew dripping, and the environment was very quiet. Subtle dewdrops are deliberately used here to express delicate feelings. So he simply got up and opened an account in Linxi Park.
When I came to the West Garden, I saw a Leng Yue rising from Dongling, and the cold moonlight shone on the sparse bamboo, as if I heard running water passing through the bamboo roots, making a crisp sound. Lingling is a wonderful word. Using a cold word on the moon to describe it is related to the ambiguity of the next sentence and the complexity of the first sentence. The moonlight is cold, the night is deep, the bamboo forest is sparse, and the sound of water is weak, which gives people a quiet artistic conception and makes people feel like water at night. In this extremely quiet midnight, listen carefully and hear the sound of spring water flowing down from rocks in the distance. It seems that the sound of spring is getting louder and louder as you get farther away. Birds on the mountain sometimes break the silence and occasionally sing.
It seems hard to understand that the voice of the stone spring is far louder than the ring, but this transcendental word can better express the emptiness and silence of the field. Birds sing from time to time, which of course reflects the silence of the night, but it also shows that the moonlight is bright, which makes birds sing for the morning. Spring coil and birdsong are expressed by synaesthesia from the perspective of hearing. The fusion of the four images of Yue Quan bird highlights the emptiness and loneliness of the poet's environment after his relegation.
Faced with this empty scene, the poet leaned against the pillar, watching and listening until dawn. The image of the poet's meditation and depression is thought-provoking. He meditated in such a clear scenery until the dawn of the sky. What will loneliness say? It can be said that there is nothing to say at this time. The word loneliness tells his heart, and he feels that his complicated feelings can't be expressed in words.
The conception of this poem is novel and unique. The poet captures all kinds of subtle sounds heard in the quiet night to describe, writes silently with sounds, and shows the emptiness and loneliness of the poet's environment, thus setting off his repressed emotions, that is, things become poems and emotions follow the scene. On the surface, it seems complacent, but in fact it is difficult to be detached like Tao Yuanming and Wei.
Posterity evaluation:
1. Mirror of Tang Poetry: There are scenic interests in the text, but these scenic interests are led by those ignorant people.
2. "General Review of the Tang Poetry Selection Conference": Wu Shan citizens said: "Smell" is a cold (silent) feeling; Like the moon said, magic. Zhou Wei said: I hurt my ambition, so there are people who are not easy to talk about scenery.
3. "Tang": Liu and Wei are the same, but the syllables are brighter and the colors are brighter, which is slightly different.
4. "Interpretation of Ancient Poetry": In the quiet night, the sound of the stone spring is louder, and in the moonlight, the mountain birds are sometimes noisy. Such a clear scene is unforgettable. You might as well lean against a post or even stand. ? Three songs (according to this, and "Walking Alone in Yuxi North Pool after Rain" and "Walking South Valley through Abandoned Village in Autumn") were completed, which was quite self-satisfied. But after all, there is the word "moving away", and it is difficult to get rid of Tao and Wei.
Liu Zongyuan's literary works;
Liu Zongyuan left more than 600 poems in his life, and his achievements were greater than poems. There are nearly a hundred parallel prose, and ancient prose can be roughly divided into six categories.
(1) Comments: Including philosophy, political theory and essays mainly focusing on comments. Sharp pen, accurate argument. Tian Shuo is a masterpiece of philosophical papers. (Feudalism and Heavenly Punishment are representative works of medium-length and long-length political theory. Jin Wengong's "Defending the Original Motion", "Debate between Dong Brothers" and Yi Yin's "Five Opinions on Street Praise" are representatives of political papers. ) There is simple materialism in his philosophy. His political thought is mainly embodied in the progressive social historical view and Confucian people-oriented thought. But also influenced by Buddhism, especially when they are frustrated politically, they often seek spiritual liberation from Buddhism.
(2) Fable: Inheriting and developing the traditions of Zhuangzi, Han Feizi, Lu Chunqiu, Liezi and the Warring States Policy, it was mostly used to satirize and attack the ugly phenomenon of the society at that time. Innovate, create whimsy, and make good use of anthropomorphic artistic images of various animals to express philosophical or political views. (Representative works include Three Commandments (Linjiang Elk, Guizhou Donkey, Yongmou Mouse), Biography, Fierce Master, etc. Laugh and curse, because things are small, showing a high degree of humor and irony.
(3) Biography: Inherited the tradition of Historical Records and Hanshu, and made some innovations (representative works include Anecdote of Duan Taiwei, Biography of Zi Ren, Biography of Hejian, Story of Snake Catcher, etc. Some works are exaggerated and fictional on the basis of real people, such as fables and novels (such as Song Qingchuan). )
(4) Landscape Travels: The most popular ones are written after being demoted, and Yongzhou's works are even better. (Representative works include Travel Notes on the First Banquet in the Western Hills, Music Circle, Western Hills in the Music Circle, From Xiaoshichi to the Western Hills, Yuan Jiake, Shiqu, Shi Jian and Koishiyama). His works not only contain his own experience and resentment through beautiful scenery; There is also a description of the author's quiet state of mind, which is manifested in extreme depression and the pursuit of spiritual sustenance. As for the direct description of the scenery, it is steep and clean, or beautiful and pleasant, and reproduces the beauty of nature with delicate language.
(5) Poem and Sao Fu: unique (representative works such as Punishment Fu, Sheng Min Fu, Dream Returning Fu, Prison Mountain Fu, etc. They are all in the style of Li Sao and Nine Chapters. Or express one's mind directly, or borrow ancient times to hurt oneself, or borrow fables to express irony and think hard, which won the essence of Qu Sao. "Tian Dui" and "Jin Wen" are another type, imitating Tian Wen and Qi Fa, with strange and profound words. In addition, there are many Buddhist steles, inscriptions, notes, prefaces and postscripts, poems and other works in Liu Jizhong, involving Zen, Tiantai Sect, Buddhism and other theories. There are more than 40 pieces of Liu Shi/KLOC-0, all of which were written after relegation. His predecessors, Wang Wei, Meng Haoran and Wei also called him Wang Meng. Some of his five ancient thoughts are close to Tao Yuanming's poems, with simple and natural language and elegant and meaningful style. The other five ancient poets were all influenced by Xie Lingyun. They were particular about their lyrics, mixed with Hyunri, and even learned from Xie Shi when they did the exercises. However, Liu's poems can contain bitterness, similarities and differences in beauty. Liu's poems also have rhythmic poems, which are famous for their generosity, sadness and health. (For example, climbing the Liuzhou Tower to send Zhang Tingfeng to four counties is a masterpiece of the seven laws of the Tang Dynasty, and Jiang Xue, Fisherman and Western Opera are also rare works in the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty).
(6) Anthology: Liu Yuxi began to compile Liu Ji's Anthology of Mr. Hedong. There were many annotated books in Song Dynasty, and Han Chun's Collected Works of Liu Xun is the earliest extant work of Liu Ji. In the Ming Dynasty, Jiang's Warp Collection was annotated with Liuhe East Collection. For his deeds, see Han Yu's Epitaph of Liu Zihou, Biographies of Old and New Tang Books and Chronicle of Mr. Liu in Wen 'anli.
Liu Zongyuan's personal data:
Liu Zongyuan (A.D. 865438+ A.D. 773 09), a native of Hedong (now Yongji area in Yuncheng, Shanxi), was one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. He was called Mr Hedong, a writer, philosopher, essayist and thinker in the Tang Dynasty, and was appointed as the secretariat of Liuzhou, also known as Liu Liuzhou. Liu Zongyuan and Han Yu are called Liu Liu, Wang Wei, Meng Haoran and Wei Wangmeng.
Liu Zongyuan left more than 600 poems in his life, and his achievements in writing were greater than poems. Nearly a hundred parallel essays, argumentative essays, sharp and ironic. There are many places where landscapes are written in travel notes, such as Collection of Mr. Hedong, and the representative works include Xiju, Jiang Xue and Fisherman.
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