Although these two poems were written by different authors in different times, it is not difficult to find similarities in the selection of materials-they both entrusted their homesickness and expressed their unique views on historical figures and events. Both of them are very talented and ambitious, but their careers are bumpy, and both of them are worried that their empty ambitions will not be reused. Du Mu, a charming and generous man, likes to talk about war, but he doesn't use it for time. When he was the secretariat of Huangzhou, he climbed Guangwu Mountain and watched the Red Cliff in Huangzhou. He satirized Zhou Yu with the poem "Red Cliff" and made great achievements, suggesting that Ruan Ji "climbed this mountain without heroes" (see Biography of Ruan Ji in the Book of Jin). Su Shi, on the other hand, was demoted because of his different political views from those in power, and his career was frustrated. In the fifth year of Yuanfeng in Song Shenzong (1082), he was demoted to Huangzhou and once visited Chibi in Huangzhou. Although he knows that this is not the ancient battlefield of the Three Kingdoms, he thinks that Zhou Lang in the Three Kingdoms has made great contributions at a young age, but he was born early, but he achieved nothing. He couldn't help but write "Nian Nujiao", which made them interested in the same historical figure and event, and realized what they needed in this historical figure and event, and excavated the enlightenment of history to future generations. Du Shiyan: "Zhou Lang was also very lucky to succeed. If the east wind does not dispute that day, the beauty of Er Qiao will be in Tongquetai, and among the maids, the daughter will become famous. " (See Yu Biyun's Random Talk on Poetry), when he talked about his unfortunate life, his talent was insufficient and he was frustrated. Su Shi's poems, on the other hand, are wandering in the old country, admiring heroes, lamenting that life is like a dream, and expressing his resentment that he has accomplished nothing.
As mentioned earlier, Du Mu and Su Shi served as officials in Chibi successively because of their similar life experiences, and they shared the same interest in the same historical event. However, their views on the issue are different, and their views on historical events are naturally different. Du Mu thought that Zhou Yu had won by luck, so he was cynical. Su Shi is full of admiration for Zhou Yu, and his writing style is unrestrained.
Mutu, an abnormal person, is ingenious. He imagined from the opposite side that if Zhou Yu didn't get the help of Dongfeng at that time and Sun Liu's allied forces were defeated, then Er Qiao in Wu Dong would be locked in Tongquetai by Cao Cao, and history would be another matter. In just four poems, Battle of Red Cliffs's role in the formation of the tripartite confrontation pattern among the three countries is vividly displayed in twists and turns, and his views are incisive and thought-provoking. What's more commendable is that the author implicitly expressed his thoughts in his comments on historical events, and he was proud of the past and the present. Zhou Yu was lucky enough to get help from Dongfeng, but he has extraordinary talents, but he can't reuse them. From the perspective of artistic expression, this epic starts from a small place, full of ink and unique. Starting with a broken halberd buried in the sand, it evokes a feeling of nostalgia and skillfully leads poetry to the famous Battle of Red Cliffs and the main figures in this major battle. The latter two sentences use the fact that Er Qiao was arrested to express the hypothesis that Sun and Liu were defeated, because Er Qiao is not only a famous beauty in Dongwu, but more importantly, they are the wives of Sun Ce and Zhou Yu, who have made outstanding achievements in Dongwu. Tongque Terrace was built in Yecheng by Cao Cao in the 15th year of Jian 'an of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty (2 10), and Cao Cao lived in it with concubines and geisha in his later years. It goes without saying that Er Qiao locked the bronze sparrow and Sun Liulian failed. In this way, seeing the big from the small is both appropriate and implicit. It is precisely because the overall conception of this poem is different that there have been many comments on it in past dynasties. Song Xu Kai's Poems on zhouyan says: "Du Mu's poem" Chibi "means that Chibi can't be set on fire, and it is also for Tsao Gong to seize the Tongque Terrace in Er Qiao. Sun Shi thinks this is the First World War. When the country dies, I don't care about the loss of life. I am afraid that I will catch Er Qiao, which means that I don't know likes and dislikes. " A Qing Dynasty man He refuted this: "The poet's words are slightly graceful, and different opinions express his chest directly." Mu Zhi means that success is lucky, and one's home and country are almost at risk. Yanzhou may be wrong "(textual research on poems of past dynasties).
In terms of conception, Su Shi's poems are profound, memorable and lyrical, with broad artistic conception and extraordinary momentum: the Yangtze River is rolling eastward, the steep cliffs are straight into the sky, and the surging waves are beating against the river bank, rolling up thousands of white waves. The author's thoughts also flow to the long river of history with the turbulent waves. I can't help feeling a lot when I think of Zhou Yu, the hero of Battle of Red Cliffs and Battle of Red Cliffs, and contact my own situation. These contents are like rolling the Yangtze River, spewing out with rich connotations. Whether writing about scenery or chanting history, we can grasp the characteristics and use a little dye to make readers feel immersive. The most commendable thing is to write a few words, "A river that never returns, a person who has been scoured by waves, a romantic figure through the ages", which is magnificent and inspiring, covering the whole article. The author puts the historical figures he misses in a broad background, and the praise is self-evident. Against the backdrop of the swift river and the majestic Red Cliff, Zhou Yu, a hero of Battle of Red Cliffs, appeared. The poet chose the temperament, grace and talent of the hero to sketch and created a vivid image of a young Confucian scholar general. However, the poet's pen and ink did not stop there. He drifted to his old country and thought of the harsh reality that his ambition was empty and he was relegated to exile many times in his life. Why not sigh "Life is like a dream"! Throughout the whole poem, whether writing about scenery or chanting history, the essence is to express one's feelings about life. In contrast, Su Shi's poems are far more straightforward than Du Mu's. No wonder the ancients called Su Shi's ci "a copper pipa and an iron rake sing no return to the river".
Chibi Du Mu
A broken iron halberd sank into the sand and disappeared, only to find that it was the remnant of Battle of Red Cliffs after grinding and washing. If the east wind is not convenient for Zhou Yu, I'm afraid the outcome will be Cao Cao's victory and Er Qiao's detention in Tongquetai.
Interpretation of poetry
The broken Zhan Ji was buried in the sand, and it was not corroded. I picked it up and washed it, and recognized it as a weapon of the previous dynasty. If the east wind hadn't brought convenience to Zhou Lang, Er Qiao would have been locked up in Tongtai.
words explanation
Broken halberd: refers to broken halberd (weapon).
Pin: It's rusted.
Former dynasty: the previous era.
Zhou Lang: Zhou Yu, a young general of Wu.
Bronze sparrow: the bronze sparrow platform.
Er Qiao: Gong Qiao and his two daughters, Da Qiao, married Sun Ce, and Xiao Qiao married Zhou Yu.
Appreciation of poetry and prose
This poem was written by the poet after passing through the famous ancient battlefield Chibi (now Chiji Mountain in the southwest of Wuchang County, Hubei Province) and feeling the success or failure of heroes in the Three Kingdoms period. Battle of Red Cliffs, which took place in October, 13th year of Jian 'an of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty (2008), was a major battle that played a decisive role in the historical situation of the three kingdoms. As a result, Sun and Liu were defeated, and Zhou Yu, the 34-year-old commander-in-chief of Sun Wu, was the most important person in this battle. The poet watched the ruins of the ancient battlefield, and expressed his unique views on Battle of Red Cliffs, thinking that Zhou Yu's victory was a fluke, and at the same time expressed his lament for the rise and fall of the country. Affectionate
Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgic Sushi
The surging river flows eastward, and those heroes of the past are gone forever.
Old camp west, people say it's the war of the Three Kingdoms, Battle of Red Cliffs.
The steep rock wall, like thunder waves lapping against the river bank, waves like rolling up thousands of snow.
The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once.
Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit.
A white figure with a feather fan came face to face, and while talking and laughing, the enemy warships burned to ashes.
I am wandering in the battlefield today. I feel a feeling heart and give birth to white hair prematurely.
Life is like a dream, and a bottle returns to the moon.
Thoughts and feelings
It expresses the poet's infinite nostalgia and admiration for heroes of past dynasties, as well as his feelings about his bumpy life. "Life is like a dream" expresses the poet's infinite feelings about his bumpy life experience in a gloomy way. "A statue of the Yangtze River last month" is the end of the whole word, expressing emotion through wine, thinking about the past and the present, and feeling depressed.
explain
This word was written by Su Shi at the age of 47 when he was exiled to Huangzhou to visit Chibi. Through the description of the magnificent scenery of Chibi, it shows the poet's yearning for Zhou Yu's heroic achievements in the Three Kingdoms, and expresses the poet's feeling that he has accomplished nothing in his career and his white hair is hanging over the historical sites.
Write a scene in the last movie. "A river that never returns, a person with endless waves and eternal love." At the beginning of the word, the Yangtze River, which flows eastward day and night, gives people a sudden and shocking feeling. The term "river of no return" summarizes the characteristics of the surging Yangtze River flowing eastward. "The waves are exhausted, and the eternal romantic figures." With the passage of time, the "romantic figures" and their heroic achievements since the ages have become a thing of the past; This is like the waves of the Yangtze River, with his beautiful image and youthful life, heading straight for the sea and never looking back. "On the west side of the old base, humanity is the red cliff of Zhou Lang in the Three Kingdoms." The word "old base area" describes the ruins of the ancient battlefield like this. The word "west" indicates the direction and has the sense of reality of the witnesses. The word "human nature is" is confirmed by people's legends, which deepens the emotional color of "homesickness" and makes people feel more cordial. Red Cliff of the Three Kingdoms in Zhou Lang is composed of three different nouns: times, people and places, and presents a picture of Battle of Red Cliffs for readers. "Rocks are flying in the air, and the waves hit the shore, rolling up thousands of piles of snow." The first sentence is about stone, and the steep stone wall is directly inserted into the sky, which is rigorous and the image is very appropriate. The second sentence, Tao, not only describes the turbulent character, but also describes the momentum of surging rapids. At the same time, it seems that you can hear the roar of the surf and see its unstoppable power. The third sentence, write the wonderful scene of spray splashing after "spray" These three sentences are really vivid. "Jiangshan is picturesque, and there are many heroes at one time." These two sentences are the hinge of the turning point between the upper and lower films. "Picturesque" is a general evaluation of the above majestic scenery. "How many heroes are there at a time" eulogizes Zhou Lang, but it contains countless heroes who eulogize past dynasties. Here, the poet interweaves "picturesque" mountains and rivers with countless "heroes" into words, creating a noble and beautiful artistic conception, which makes people respect and yearn for it.
The next movie is nostalgic. "When I think of Gong Jin, Xiao Qiao is married for the first time, and the heroic spirit is compelling." These three sentences describe the image of Zhou Yu in his prime. "Little Joe got married for the first time" is not an idle word. Qiao Xuan's youngest daughter, Xiao Qiao, was a famous beauty at that time. Zhou Lang married her in the third year of Jian 'an (A.D. 198). By the time she arrived in Battle of Red Cliffs, they had been married for 10 years. Writing "first marriage" here is not a momentary negligence of the poet, but a deliberate exaggeration of the romantic atmosphere in the ci, which plays an artistic role in shaping the image of "heroic" Zhou Lang. "Feather fan nylon scarf, laughing and laughing, dying." Zhou Yu holds a feather fan in his hand and wears a nylon scarf, which shows that although he is a military commander, he has the demeanor of a scholar, thus highlighting Zhou Yu's heroic spirit of despising a strong enemy. "Talking and laughing, it's gone." The word "joking" penetrates the back of the paper, which fully embodies Zhou Yu's calm manner when he broke Cao at Chibi. "Chen" refers to Cao Cao's army, which is derogatory. The scene of burning Chibi and the tragic scene of Cao Cao's death are vividly reproduced, leaving an unforgettable impression on readers.
"The old country is rich and affectionate in Ying Xiao Wo, and he lived in Fahua in his early years." In his mind, he seems to have swam to the place where Zhou Yu made contributions in the Three Kingdoms period, and Ying Xiao Wo's own sentimentality has given birth to white hair. These three sentences are the feelings expressed by the poet. Nostalgia above, lyrical here, this emotion comes from nostalgia. "Life is like a dream, a statue is still on the moon." Negative and sentimental emotions have a very unhealthy influence and deserve attention when reading. At the same time, we should also see that drinking wine to pay homage to Jiang Yue is a reflection of the poet's helpless mental depression, and a manifestation that he wants to serve his country but can't stretch his arms. This is of course the result of the feudal rulers forcing him to comfort his worn-out and damaged mind in this way, which undoubtedly implies his dissatisfaction with reality. "Jiang Yue" not only takes care of the first sentence, but also points out the time, which enhances the beautiful lyrical atmosphere of the ci, making the emotional appeal of the ci both rigid and soft, with a degree of yin.
The "rocky" and "stormy" scenery of Chibi and the "heroic and dashing" image of Zhou Lang described in the ci set each other off in interest, each with its own strong points, which will be told for generations.