Useful things and quotations from predecessors' poems. Using things is to express the author's thoughts and feelings through historical stories, including his position and attitude towards some problems in real life, personal feelings and wishes. This belongs to expressing your feelings through the past. The purpose of quoting or using predecessors' poems is to deepen the artistic conception in poems, to urge people to associate and to seek meaning beyond words.
example sentence
(1) Back then, Jin Ge was an iron horse and swallowed Wan Li like a tiger.
After ten miles of spring breeze, the wheat is green.
Make an appreciative comment
(1) symplectic words are all practical except the author's memories of his experience of going south 43 years ago. "Looking back ... like a tiger" is about the heroic deeds of Emperor Wu of Song in the Northern Expedition against the enemy. By praising Emperor Wu of Song and satirizing the shameless behavior of the pacifists in the Southern Song Dynasty, the author showed his determination to oppose Jin Zhuzhang and restore the Central Plains.
(2) "Spring Breeze Shili" quotes Du Mu's poems, which shows the prosperity of Shili Long Street in Yangzhou in the past, but it is empty; "Let Wheat Grow Green" is a bleak situation that the writer saw today, and it is a real writing. These two contrasting paintings express the poet's ups and downs of the past.
Be related to ...
The connection between one thing and another thing related to it, or the connection of similar characteristics in things, forms a model. Example: Jasper is dressed as a tree, and thousands of strands of moss hang down in tapestries. I don't know who cut the thin leaves, but the spring breeze in February is like scissors.
Appreciating He's Singing Willow is associated with the green ribbon on the weeping willow branches, and using clever metaphors, it has created a novel image with unique romantic color, which has changed the old symbolic meaning that the willow is only lyrical.
imagine
On the basis of existing materials and thoughts, people create new thoughts and thinking processes through association, reasoning, analysis and synthesis.
For example, the lake and the moon set each other off, and the mirror on the pool surface was not polished. Looking at Dongting from a distance, there is a green snail in the silver plate. -"Wang Dongting"
Appreciate that Liu Yuxi chose the perspective of moonlit night, and through imaginative description, he creatively reproduced the lakes and mountains of Dongting on paper.
Set off or contrast
Refers to the use of ethidium to make the characteristics or traits of nails more prominent. There are both positive and negative aspects.
example sentence
(1) The river of no return, the waves are exhausted, and the eternal romantic figures. On the west side of the old base, humanity is the Red Cliff of the Three Kingdoms.
In Fuzhou, far away, she is looking at the moonlight, alone from the window of her room. For our boys and girls, poor little baby, too young to know where the capital is. The fragrant mist wets the temples, and the jade shoulders are cold. When can we lie on the screen again and look at the bright light and stop crying? .
Make an appreciative comment
(1) The figure Su Zhe wanted to create was Zhou Yu, but he started with "a romantic figure through the ages", which led to Battle of Red Cliffs's How Many Heroes finally concentrated on Zhou Yu, highlighting Zhou Yu's position in the author's mind.
(2) The couplets and necklaces in Du Fu's Moonlit Night describe the beauty of his wife, reflecting the poet's melancholy and painful mood.
come on
Describe the environment and scenery in many ways, highlight the image and strengthen the artistic effect.
Example: In the wild wind in the vast sky, apes are sobbing, and birds are flying home on the clear lake and white sand beach.
Appreciate what you saw and heard at the first pitch, and there are six close-ups in succession, rendering the characteristics of Qiu Jiang scenery.
sign
Concepts, thoughts and feelings with similar or similar characteristics are expressed through concrete images that are easy to arouse association. Qingshan seems to want to keep people living, and it is around the county seat. -Li Deyu's Climbing Cliff City
I really appreciate these two sentences, describing that green hills are surrounded by mountains, and your county and city are tightly blocked and heavily fortified. It symbolizes the persecution of political opponents and the sorrow of writing.
Contrast and contrast
Compare two different things or situations.
For example, Gou Jian, the king of Yue, broke Wu Gui, and the soldiers returned home dressed in gold. Maid-in-waiting is like a flower in Man Chun Hall, but only partridges are flying today. -Li Bai's Visit to Ancient Vietnam
The appreciation of the former prosperity in the first three sentences is in sharp contrast with the description of today's desolation in the last sentence, which makes readers feel particularly profound and contains the poet's deep historical thinking.
rise and fall
Speak the negative and positive aspects at the same time, only highlight one of them, and achieve the purpose of suppressing one, promoting the other or suppressing the other. There are two kinds: first rising and then restraining, first restraining and then rising.
For example, a young woman in a boudoir doesn't know how to worry, but she wears makeup to go to a brothel in spring. Suddenly I saw the green willows, and I felt uncomfortable; Oh, I regret that I shouldn't have asked my husband to find Hou Feng.
Appreciate Wang Changling's poem "Always in My Heart", and use the method of praising first and then restraining, first write the young woman's "ignorance" and then say her "regret". By describing the subtle changes of the young woman's mood, this paper profoundly shows the sentimental and sad mood of the young woman caused by touching the scene and highlights the theme of in my heart forever.
coordinate
A poem that gives necessary answers to what was written before. This method is used properly to make the structure compact and rigorous.
Ex: Is it raining all the way to Chu? The bell in the evening came to us from Nanjing. The rain is heavy, the sky is not right, and the birds fly slowly.
-Wei, "Night Rain Farewell to Li Zhou"
Appreciate the two sentences in the first couplet. The poet stood by the drizzly river at dusk, pointed out the "yellow rain" in the poem title, and took care of the "send" in the poem title.
Association between activity and inertia
Describe things and scenery dynamically and statically, and the two set each other off.
For example, the birds in the sand head are silent, and the fish in the stern are screaming. -Du Fu's "Song of the City"
Appreciate the "movement" of the fish jumping in the fourth sentence and set off the "quietness" of the scenery in the third sentence.
Positive description
A positive and direct description of the object of description is a positive description. Describe the things around the object to make it more vivid and prominent.
In the spring breeze, a tree has thousands of branches, softer than gold and softer than silk. Always in the west corner of Fengfang, never a day, whose willow is this?
Bai Juyi's Yang Liuzhi Ci
(2) The desert is foggy, and the red flag is half rolled out of Yuanmen. The former army fought in Taohe River overnight, and it was reported that Tuguhun was captured alive. Wang Changling's Join the Army
Appreciation ① The first and second sentences of the white poem use the method of positive description to describe the beautiful form of willow in spring.
The second sentence of Wang's poem describes the side situation. On the one hand, the wind is very strong, so it is convenient to roll up the red flag and March in a hurry. On the other hand, it is highly alert and unobtrusive, highlighting the tension of war.
Speak one's mind
Express your feelings on the spot and express the poet's philosophical thinking about natural scenery.
If you don't return to China before you get old, it will hurt to return to China.
Appreciating the beautiful scenery and people in Jiangnan makes people nostalgic. Don't leave Jiangnan and go back to your hometown until you are old, otherwise you will regret the thought of the beautiful scenery of Jiangnan and the comparison between people and the war-torn north.
Use scenery to express feelings or melt feelings into the scenery.
The poet is not positive about his thoughts and feelings. He lives in the natural scenery in front of him and expresses his feelings through the natural scenery.
Example: Autumn wind blows, and the waves in Dongting fall under the leaves.
Appreciating the autumn wind, it seems that coolness permeates the heart; Leaves fall one after another, like a heavy heart sinking; Ripples are like "heart waves". Love and scenery are in perfect harmony, and the artistic conception is wonderful.
Hold something to express your wishes.
On the basis of trying to describe things, we should integrate the author's feelings and entrust the author's mind.
In the spring breeze, a tree has thousands of branches, softer than gold and softer than silk. Always in the west corner of Fengfang, never a day, whose willow is this?
Appreciate the expression of ambition by holding things, and write that the willow tree is alone in a deserted garden, and no one looks at it, expressing the feeling that talents are buried.