Direct lyric
Direct lyric (direct expression of mind) Direct lyric, also called direct expression of mind, is a kind of lyric way that directly shows the attitude of love and hate towards related people and things. Later Yuefu folk songs were mostly straightforward. If you miss the girl you love, you can express "My Fair Lady, My Gentleman" (); The lover who missed the expedition actually declared "willing to talk and take the first illness" (); "Know me that I worry, don't know me that I want. Who is this? " () Expressed the poet's deep sorrow directly and frankly; "Evil! I want to know you and live a long life. There are no graves in the mountains, rivers and mountains are exhausted, there is Lei Zhen in winter, and there is rain and snow in summer. Heaven and earth are United and dare to break with you. " () Writing a woman's confession of "Jun" directly expresses the girl's true, perfect and intense love, which is frank, true and shocking.
Guan Hanqing is far away from home, and there are no flowers at the moment under the moon. Holding a farewell cup, my eyes are full of parting tears. Just saying' take care and rest' is unbearable. Go easy and look forward to Wan Li'. "This song is about parting scenes and reluctant feelings. It is sincere and touching. There are many chapters in classical poetry about feelings of farewell. For example, Liu Yong: "Holding hands and staring at tears, I am speechless and choked" and so on. And the scene written is similar to this song. But the expression of this song is so frank and the language is so simple and natural, which is completely different from most euphemisms. Another example is Chen Ziang, where the times have passed before me? Behind me, where is the next generation? . I think of heaven and earth, there is no limit, there is no end, I am alone, and my tears fall. " With a generous and sad style, he directly expressed the poet's grief and frustration through his trip to Youzhou Taiwan.
Indirect lyric
concept
As we all know, China's classical poems are very subtle and concise. Generally, when dealing with emotions, poets do not directly express their feelings, but express their feelings in one way or another. Narration is based on events, scenery is used to express one's feelings, objects are used to express one's feelings, and history is used to express one's feelings.
Cause by reason
For example, Zhang Ji in the Tang Dynasty wrote: "Seeing the autumn wind in Luoyang, I want to write a meaningful book. When the letter is written, I am worried that I have not finished what I want to say; When the messenger started, he opened the envelope and gave it to him. " This song "Qiu Si" is sentimental. With the help of a pregnant fragment in daily life-the details of thoughts and actions when sending a letter home, it expresses the deep nostalgia of people outside for their loved ones in a very real and delicate way. Another example is Bai Juyi's "Blue Bridge Chun Xue Jun Return to Japan, Qinling Autumn Wind When I Go". Get off the horse at every post station and follow the wall around the column to find your poem. "This quatrain, at first glance, is just a boring chronicle of the journey. At most, it is clear that he and Yuan have deep friendship and love for him and his poems. In fact, these seemingly dull twenty-eight words imply endless waves in the poet's heart. Precious friendship and * * * crying together are silent in the poem, which only makes readers discover the profound changes in personnel contained in Chun Xue's autumn wind and experience the poet's sad feelings. This is the so-called "words are shallow and deep, and the meaning is small and clear."
Use a scene to express your feelings.
When a poet feels something about a scene, he expresses his feelings in the scene and expresses them by describing the scene. This lyric way is called borrowing scenery to express emotion. In general, it is the happy scene of Syaraku's feelings, and the sad scene expresses sadness, but there are also ways to write the sad scene with the happy scene, or write the sad scene with Syaraku's feelings.
Pleasure and pleasure: For example, in Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night written by Du Fu in the Tang Dynasty, "Good rain knows the season, and spring happens. Sneak into the night with the wind, moisten things silently. Wild trails and clouds are all black, and rivers and boats are bright. Look at the red and wet place, Jinguancheng flowers are heavy. " It is a masterpiece depicting the night scene of spring rain and expressing joy. Xie Lingyun's "Spring grass grows in the pool and garden willows turn into songbirds". From the spring grass, from the willows and singing birds in the garden, the poet felt the vitality of spring and showed his joy.
Sad scenery and feelings: for example, Liu Yuxi's "Stone City" is surrounded by mountains in the old country, and the tide hits the empty city and returns to loneliness. In the old moon east of Huaishui, I also came to the female wall at night. " The poet wrote the stone city in the silent mountains, in the cool tide and in the dim moonlight, which can especially show the decline and desolation of the old country. Only write mountains and rivers and bright moons, and the six generations of wealth are all gone. Every sentence in the poem is a scene, but there is not a scene that does not blend into the deep sadness of the poet's hometown depression and bleak life. Another example is Yuan Zhen's "Wenle Tiancai Jiangzhou Sima". "The residual lamp has no flame shadow. I heard that you are in Jiujiang this evening. Sitting up in critical condition, the black wind blows the rain and hits the cold window. " Yuan Zhen was exiled to other countries, seriously ill and in a bad mood. Now I suddenly heard that my best friend was wronged and demoted, and my heart was even more shocked. I am full of grievances and worries. With this sad mood, all the scenery becomes gloomy. The first sentence and the second sentence are both scenery language and emotional language, expressing feelings through sadness, and integrating feelings with scenery, which is "wonderful and boundless".
Joy and sadness: Jiang Zhai Shi Hua said: "Write sadness with joy and sorrow with Syaraku, and the sadness and joy will be doubled. For example, Du Fu's "Two quatrains" "Jiang Bi bird is too white, blue and white mountain burns. I saw it again this spring. When is the year of return? "Green rivers, lush mountains, red flowers, white birds, the scenery in late spring and early summer is not beautiful, but it is a pity that the years have passed and the return date is far away, which not only evokes the fun of playing, but also evokes the sadness of drifting. Another example is Zhang's "Thinking of Spring Ladies" in the Tang Dynasty. I forgot to pick the leaves in the cage and dreamed of fishing in the sun last night. " The beautiful scenery full of spring reflects the sadness and desolation of young women. Writing sad feelings with happy scenes has unique charm.
Hold something to express your wishes.
Poets use the characteristics of something in nature to express some ambition or emotion, and things in poetry are personalized. For example, Yu Shinan's "Cicada" says: "Drink dew and smell Shu Tong. It's not the autumn wind that makes you afraid to speak loudly. " Three or four sentences in the poem, with the unique feeling of cicadas singing far and wide, tell the truth contained in it, that is, a person with noble moral character can be famous far and near without some kind of outside help, thus expressing warm praise and high confidence in his inner moral character. Wang Anshi's "Beipi Apricot Blossom" "A vicious spring water surrounds the flower body, and the flower shadows are enchanting, each occupying the spring scenery. It is better to be blown into snow by the spring breeze than to be crushed into dust by Nanmo. " Apricot flowers, gorgeous and refined, are more graceful beside the water. This poem is about apricot blossoms that bloom near the water. It is a poem about things, and it is also the embodiment of the author's indifferent mood and noble personality. Better be a broken jade than a stubborn personality of Waquan.
Sing history and express feelings
For example, Zhang Kejiu's [Bell Road] Flowers Singing recalls the past. "Beauty committed suicide on the banks of Wujiang River. The war once burned Chibi Mountain, and the generals were old. " The song "Sadness in Qin and Han Dynasties, Life Exhausted, Literati Sighed" lamented the war between rulers and nations in Qin and Han Dynasties, which brought great disasters to the people and showed the author's sympathy for the people's thoughts and feelings. Another example is Liu Yuxi's "Wuyi Lane", "There are wild flowers on the Suzaku Bridge, and the sunset is oblique in Wuyi Lane. In the old society, Xie Wang Tang flew into the homes of ordinary people. " In the past, Suzaku Bridge, which was full of traffic, and Wuyi Lane, which was full of clothes, are now desolate and desolate, shrouded in a lonely and desolate atmosphere. From this, we can clearly hear the author's infinite feelings about this change.
Edited on 20 18-04- 15.
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What are the general lyric techniques?
There are two ways of lyric, one is direct lyric, and the other is indirect lyric. 1, direct lyric takes the first person "I" as the lyric subject, and directly expresses the author's thoughts and feelings. It's also called direct expression. For example, the central sentence of Li Bai's Dream of Climbing Mount Tianmu is "Ah, how can I solemnly bow and scrape to those high-ranking officials whose sincere faces will never be seen?" On the basis of narrative description, the author expressed his thoughts and feelings of not colluding with the rulers with the passion of volcanic eruption. Another example is Lu You's poem "Xiuer": "When you die, you will know that everything is empty and you will see Kyushu's sorrow. Julian Waghann set the Central Plains Day in the north, and the family sacrifice did not forget to tell Nai Weng. " The first two sentences begin with comments, expressing the poet's patriotic feelings of restoring the Central Plains until his death. 2. Indirect Lyrics Indirect Lyrics can be divided into three categories according to the objects borrowed by the author: borrowing scenery to express feelings, borrowing things to express feelings, and borrowing things to express feelings. Poets use various artistic techniques to express their thoughts and feelings euphemistically. It is divided into scene blending, borrowing scenery to match feelings, and expressing things. For example, Li Bai's "A Gift to Wang Lun" and Liu Yuxi's "Ci of Zhi Zhu" all adopt indirect lyric methods on the basis of narration. The difference is that the former uses "Peach Blossom Pond is deep in thousands of feet" as a metaphor for "Wang Lun sends me love", while the latter skillfully uses homophonic pun "Tao is sunny or sunny" to express the subtle love between lovers. Extended data:
When a poet feels something about a scene or an objective thing, he puts his feelings and thoughts in this scene and expresses them by describing this scene and this thing. This lyric way is called borrowing scenery or borrowing things to express his feelings. Scenery blending: it includes three forms: first, emotion in the scene, second, emotion in the scene, and third, emotion writing in the scene. In China's ancient poems, pines, bamboos, Meilan, rock streams, ancient desert roads, sunset at the border, jathyapple breeze, drizzling grass, banana residue, phoenix tree drizzle, duckweed, swan crane, roadside kiosks, etc. are often the objects for poets to express their feelings, and these scenery are no longer purely natural things, but carry and convey people's extremely rich and complicated thoughts and feelings. For example, Bai Juyi's "The Mountain Fire is Unfinished, and the Spring Breeze is High" vividly expresses his admiration for tenacious vitality through the image of "original grass". For example, Liu Yong's Where Do You Wake Up Tonight, and Yang Liuan Xiao Feng's Canyue, the description of this scene contains the poet's infinite sadness and hatred. In general, it is the happy scene of Syaraku's feelings, and the sad scene expresses the sadness, but it is also useful to express the sadness with the happy scene or sad scene of Syaraku's feelings. The most typical example is in the Book of Songs: "I wasn't there yesterday, Liu Yiyi. Today I think of it, it's raining. "Yi Yi Liu Yang, the beautiful spring scenery is intoxicating, but this is a sad parting moment; It's raining, it's raining, it's freezing, and it's time for my husband to return home! Writing mourning with music scenes or writing mourning with Syaraku can double the effect of mourning. For example, the metabolism of the Tang Dynasty was rather muddy, and "Xie Ting Farewell" said: "When my brother misinterpreted the boat, the red leaves and green hills rushed. It's still far from waking up at sunset, and it's raining in the west building. "The aesthetic poetry of the league's first" Red Leaves and Castle Peak "reflects the poet's parting from sorrow." "Jiang Zhai Shi Hua" said: "Write mourning with joy, mourn Syaraku, and take advantage of his sorrow and joy. "Expressing one's ambition by relying on things is a common expression technique in poetry and prose, that is, the author expresses his thoughts and feelings or some character's ambition implicitly by describing something. For example, Zhou Dunyi, a philosopher in the Song Dynasty, wrote a famous poem "Love Lotus", and expressed his pursuit of life with the image of lotus. For example, Gong Zizhen's "Sick Plum House" in the Qing Dynasty expressed the author's resentment and urgent desire for improvement against the feudal rulers of the Qing Dynasty by means of Mei's discussion on politics and expression of ambition. For example, Wang's "A Political Prisoner Listening to Cicada" shows that his noble character was not known at that time through the portrayal of the image. Use history to express feelings, such as Zhang Kejiu's Flowers Singing in China and Beauty Committing suicide by the Wujiang River. The war once burned Chibi Mountain, and the generals were empty and old. The song "Sadness in Qin and Han Dynasties, Life Exhausted, Literati Sighed" lamented the war between rulers and nations in Qin and Han Dynasties, which brought great disasters to the people and showed the author's sympathy for the people's thoughts and feelings. For example, both Du Mu and Wang Anshi wrote "The Pavilion on the Wujiang River". Du Mu regretted Xiang Yu's suicide: "It is human nature for a military strategist to win or lose unexpectedly. The children of Jiangdong are brilliant, and it is unknown that they will make a comeback. " However, Wang Anshi realized that Xiang Yu's failure was a historical necessity: "The brave are exhausted after many battles, and the Central Plains is hard to recover after being defeated. Although the children of Jiangdong are here today, can they come back with the king? " Another situation is to distort historical facts with reality, or lament personal experience, or attack social reality. Su Shi's "Red Cliff Nostalgia" and Xin Qiji's "Jingkou Gubeiting Nostalgia" are just like this. There is another situation, just grasping some shadows of history and deliberately using them, such as Jia Sheng of Li Shangyin.
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What are the lyric ways of ancient poetry?
What is the lyric expression in poetry?
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What are the lyric ways in composition?
Lyricism by borrowing scenery (indirect lyricism) is also called lyricism in scenery, which means that the author describes objective scenery with strong subjective feelings and expresses emotions through scenery. It is characterized by "scenery gives birth to feelings, and feelings give birth to scenery", which blends scenes and is seamless. In the article, only scenery is written, not direct lyric, and emotional expression is replaced by scenery description, which is what Wang Guowei said: "All scenery words are emotional words." For example, Du Fu's "Looking at Spring": "Although the country is broken, the mountains and rivers remain forever, the vegetation turns green in spring, the flowers fall like tears, and the lonely birds sing sad songs." The poet expresses his sadness and discrete sentimentality through the description of flowers, birds and plants. In writing, replacing emotion with emotion, painting with scenery, conveying emotion with scenery and rejuvenating emotion with scenery can make the article profound, rich and touching. Touching the scenery and feeling (indirect lyric) refers to the method of touching the external scenery and causing feelings, which is manifested as sighing. This method can write the scenery first, and then express the emotion; You can also express your feelings about the scenery first, and then describe the scenery; You can also interweave the two, while writing scenery and expressing feelings. Writing scenery is to express feelings, but writing scenery with a pen, but it should be "every word is affectionate." Praising things and expressing feelings (indirect lyric) is a way to express one's thoughts and feelings by describing objective things. The key to eulogizing things and containing feelings lies in "tolerance". Its characteristic is that it only describes the object and does not express feelings directly. The author places his thoughts and feelings in the concrete description of the object and expresses his thoughts and feelings in a roundabout way through metaphor, personification and symbol. For example, the chanting of Liushahe (indirect lyric) refers to the method of lyric with foreign objects. The difference between it and lyricism is that lyricism is only physical, not direct lyricism; Replace lyricism with things; Reciting things and expressing one's will are not only describing things, but also directly expressing one's feelings. Direct expression (direct expression), that is, the author or the characters in his works directly express and pour out their thoughts and feelings without any other means, thus infecting readers and causing * * *. The characteristics of expressing one's mind directly are: express one's thoughts and feelings directly without any "attachments"; Don't pay attention to tactfulness, but expose your thoughts and feelings unabashedly. This lyrical way of telling the truth often appears frank and sincere, simple and sincere, and can touch people's hearts. For example, Wei Wei's (indirect lyric) is to express feelings by narrating events, so that feelings can naturally emerge from the narration of specific events and infect readers. This emotional narrative makes readers feel more sincere and amiable when they taste it. For example, Zhu Ziqing's Back, the narrative text about the father buying oranges when he said goodbye to his son, is sincere and touching. The blending of emotion and reason (indirect lyric) is to put emotion in reason, which can not only make emotion deep and thick, but also make reason shine with emotion full of personality and touch people's heartstrings.
What are the lyric ways?
1. Direct lyric
2. Indirect lyricism, (lyrical about things) (lyrical about scenery) (lyrical about sad scenery) (lyrical about sad scenery) (lyrical about sad scenery) 3. Drag things to express your feelings 4. Sing history and express feelings.