Bai Juyi, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, was good friends with Zhang Jianfeng, the secretariat of Xuzhou. On one occasion, Zhang Jianfeng hosted a banquet for Bai Juyi. When he was drunk, he asked his concubine to come out and help Bai Juyi pour wine. Pan Pan is very beautiful and charming. She is good at singing and dancing. Bai Juyi wrote a poem on the spot to praise her. Two of the most famous sentences are "Drunkenness can't win, but the wind blows peony flowers", which is very innovative in describing Pan Pan's charm as peony flowers. Bai Juyi also left a deep impression on Pan Pan.
In a blink of an eye, twelve years later, Bai Juyi never saw Zhang Jianfeng and Pan Pan again. However, during this period, great changes have taken place in the world: Zhang Jianfeng died and was buried in his hometown in Henan. He longed for an old relationship with Zhang Jianfeng and never married again. Zhang Jianfeng has lived alone in the old house Yanzilou in Xuzhou for ten years. These situations were later heard by Bai Juyi from Zhang who visited him. Zhang also recited to Bai Juyi three poems written in memory of Zhang Jianfeng. One of them is:
The residual lamp upstairs is accompanied by dawn cream, and the person who sleeps alone starts from the lovesick bed. How many lovesickness one-night stands, the ends of the earth are not long.
The second song is:
North Mang pines and cypresses lock cigarettes, while Swallow House meditates. This tea has been sold for eleven years since the sword was buried.
The third song is:
Hongyan returned to Yueyang and saw the mysterious bird forcing her owner to come. Yao Se Xiao Yu didn't mean to be upset. She was willing to follow the cobwebs and ashes.
Bai Juyi's handwriting
Among these three poems, the first one is mainly about his deep thinking and sleepless nights; The second and third songs mainly wrote that after Zhang Jianfeng's death, he had no intention of singing and dancing or playing the piano. The three poems are touching and sad. Especially the first song is the best. Bai Juyi spoke highly of these poems and Pan Pan's infatuation with Zhang Jianfeng. So he wrote three poems:
The window is full of bright moon and frost, and I am cold in bed. On a cold moonlit night, in the Swallow House, Qiu Lai was only one person long.
I feel dizzy, my shirt is like smoke, and I want to die several times. I have been piled up in an empty box for eleven years since I stopped dancing the dress song.
A guest returned to Luoyang this spring and came to the tomb of Shangshu. When he saw poplars like pillars, he insisted that the red powder would not turn to ashes.
The first two songs are about Zhang Jianfeng's miserable life in homesickness after his death. The third song is about a man who has been to Luoyang and visited Zhang Jianfeng's tomb. Poplar trees on graves can be used as pillars for building houses. Why not torture the beautiful women with good looks in those years like the dust in the years? These poems are very touching. Unexpectedly, Bai Juyi and his poems have reached this point, but they haven't been finished yet, so he began to write another quatrain:
Gold does not hesitate to buy moths, as beautiful as four or five flowers. Singing and dancing are exhausting. Once you leave, you will not follow.
The main idea of this poem is: Zhang Jianfeng selected several women as beautiful as flowers and taught them to sing and dance at all costs. When Zhang Jianfeng died, no one followed him. Unexpectedly, I read several poems by Bai Juyi with great expectation, and then read this quatrain. I repeatedly recited the taste and cried, and suddenly realized something; He said, "When Zhang Shangshu died, it wasn't that I couldn't die with him. I really want to die with him, but I think that if I do this, people will think that he values women a hundred years later and want his concubine to die with him, which will damage his reputation, so I didn't do this! " So he wrote a poem and argued with Bai Juyi:
Self-defense is like a peony branch after spring. It's meaningless to give up someone, and it's strange that Chuntai doesn't go with him.
The main idea of this poem is: since a person lives in an empty building, he is sad all day, and his face and body are as thin and withered as peony after spring. I can't believe you didn't understand my sincere feelings for Zhang Jianfeng and said that I wouldn't die with him. A few days after this poem was written, Pan Pan chanted two poems in his mouth every day: "Children don't understand the sky and defile the snow with mud", saying that others didn't understand her, and they were depressed and angry, and died in a few days.
What's going on here? The original problem lies in the quatrains written by Bai Juyi later. Pan Pan thinks that the phrase "Once we are gone, we will not be together" is blaming her for not being buried with her. And what does Bai Juyi mean by this poem? From a poetic point of view, first, what he said may be longing; Second, what he said may be the infatuation of others; Thirdly, he may sigh from Zhang Jianfeng's point of view, in which he may have a feeling after observing life calmly. In short, there are several understandings. Even if what he said was longing, he didn't seem to mean to blame. The real meaning of this poem is the full meaning of Bai Juyi's psychological feelings about this matter when he wrote it at that time, and I'm afraid he is the only one with all the connotations. "Poetry fails to convey the meaning", "A thousand readers have a thousand Hamlets", but as a reader, Pan Pan must have thought so, and even died of depression, which was perhaps unexpected when Bai Juyi wrote this poem. He didn't expect the objective consequences, which is the difference between a subjective poet and an objective reader.
Wang Gu's songs and poems repel hooligans.
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Gu, a poet in Yichun, Hubei Province, was famous in the literary world for his good at writing poems before he entered the official career. One of his most popular poems is his epic Yushu Qu, which reads:
Chen Gong hosted a banquet in the Ming Dynasty, and Yushu's new makeup was full of charm. The three pavilions will open tomorrow, and the Lingcatfish will shake out the fairy. A few winds blow smallpox, and the dance is light and fragrant. The golden pipes are beautiful with red strings, and the neon lights and Yu Pei are staggered. The moonlit night is full of light wind, and the lotus tongue has a new tone. When you are a guest, you live in Shandong, and you are ashamed. There was blood on the sword before the song and dance was over. The monarch and his subjects are still drunk in their hometown, and there is no Chen Riyue. Three hundred sacrifices to the Holy Tang Palace should be banned between Pushang Sangs. Please stop this song and return to the correct tone. I hope to adjust the music.
The basic content of this poem is about the demise of the country after the Southern Dynasties. According to historical records, Empress Chen of the Southern Dynasties loved Kong Guifei and built a pavilion for them to live in the spring, enjoy the beautiful scenery and see the immortals. The pavilion is made of heavy sandalwood and decorated with jade and pearls. The smell stretches for miles, and the morning sun shines in the backyard. Chen Houzhu also ordered the distinguished guests, bachelors and guests to create new poems and select gorgeous new songs to be sung by the ladies-in-waiting. Among them, the most famous flower is the back garden flower of Yushu. This poem by Wang Gu is called Yushu Qu, which is used to write about Chen's death. The poem describes the magnificent architecture of the Inner Palace in Chen Houzhu and the song and dance scenes of the Inner Palace. After the song and dance, the King of Jin (Yang Guang, later ruler of Sui Dynasty) arrived, and the rulers of Chen Dynasty were still in a drunken dream. They became prisoners, and half of them were renamed Sui. In the poem, "the monarch and the minister are still drunk in their hometown, and there is no Chen Riyue", which means this. At the end of the poem, it is used to persuade the rulers of the Tang Dynasty to ban those decadent voices, revitalize elegant music and cultivate the vitality of the country.
Because Wang Gu's "Yushu Qu Taking History as a Mirror" is quite meaningful and gorgeous at the same time, this poem has spread widely and greatly increased Wang Gu's reputation. In particular, the phrase "the monarch and his ministers are still drunk in their hometown, and one side has no Chen Riyue" is even more popular, and almost all women and children know it.
This poem was written when Wang Gu had not yet tasted it. Because it made him famous and helped him a lot. One day, Wang Gu walked across the street. His attitude was a little frivolous, which annoyed several hooligans. They caught Wang Gu and hit him when he fell to the ground. Wang Gu suffered a lot. He used his quick wits and shouted, "Don't be rude. Do you know me? " ? I wrote the poem' Your monarch and his subjects are still drunk in their hometown, but there is no Chen Riyue'! "Those scoundrels didn't know Wang Gu, but when they heard that he was Wang Gu, they all looked ashamed. They let go and said, "I'm sorry, I'm sorry. "Slipped away at once. Wang Gu will not be beaten again.
Two poems helped Wang Gu solve the problem. What is the reason? This shows that good poets are loved by people, especially good sentences that people are willing to recite. Even the rogue generation will be influenced by this, which is also the power of poetry. This story was widely circulated in the Song Dynasty. In Song Huangche's Poems on the Stream and Song Sushi's Gossip about Fishing firewood, Wang Gu was written as a friend of a rogue who beat Wang Gu and Wang Gu went to save him. Song Ji's Chronicle of Tang Poetry wrote that Wang Gu himself was beaten. No matter who was beaten, this story illustrates the influence of Wang Gu's poems at that time.