brief introduction
Name:
Latin and English: Narcissus, another commonly used English name "Narcissus", is actually just a taxonomic name.
Narcissus var. China people generally think that Schisandra chinensis from China is just one of its big varieties in China.
Scientific classification:
Domain: Eukarya.
Field: Plant kingdom
Phylum: Angiosperms (Magnolia)
Class: monocotyledons
Objective: Asparagus.
Family: Amaryllidaceae.
Alias Ling Boxian, Yulinglong, Jinzhan Yintai, Yao Nvhua, Nvshihua, Tiancong and Yayuan;
Morphological characteristics of perennial herbs of Amaryllidaceae. The bulbs in the underground part are onion-shaped, ovoid to wide ovoid, and covered with a brown skin. Leaves are long and narrow, planted in two rows. Scapes are hollow and oblate. Usually, each ball has several scapes, many of which can reach more than 10, and each scape can reach more than 10, forming an umbrella.
Because most of them are nourished by water, and the leaves are beautiful, the flowers are rich, and the posture is elegant, so they have the nickname of "Ling Boxian". Narcissus is mainly distributed in warm and humid areas along the southeast coast of China, with Zhangzhou, Xiamen and Chongming Island in Shanghai being the most famous. Narcissus is a herbaceous flower, also known as Jinzhan Yintai, Yulinglong, Ya garlic and so on. It originated in China, Fujian and Zhejiang, and now it has spread all over the country and all over the world. Narcissus has become one of the world-famous indoor and garden furnishings in winter because of its beautiful flowers, green leaves, fragrant flowers, exquisiteness and elegance.
There are more than 800 species of this genus in the world, among which 10 has extremely high ornamental value. Narcissus is native to central Europe, Mediterranean coast and North Africa. Narcissus is a variety of narcissus in China, named Narcissus variety. Taxus China.
China was cultivated in the Tang Dynasty more than 1300 years ago, which won people's love and was one of the top ten famous flowers in China. Narcissus is distributed in the southeast coastal areas of China, with Chongming County in Shanghai and Zhangzhou in Fujian being the most famous. Hundreds of years ago, daffodils were also produced in Suzhou and Jiading. In addition to the common white narcissus, there is also a yellow variety called small narcissus. Narcissus has a long history of cultivation in Europe. Since 1930s, the Netherlands, Belgium, Britain and other countries have done a lot of work in daffodil breeding and variety improvement. At present, there are 26,000 cultivated varieties, and new varieties are born every year. The cultivation of daffodils in China began at the end of 19.
On June 9, 2006, Zhang Bingchun, a citizen of Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China, cultivated daffodils with different colors, such as red, yellow, blue and green, so it is also called colored daffodils.
There are two main daffodils in China:
(1) Single petal type: the flower is single petal, white, the perianth is 6-lobed, and there is a golden ring crown in the center, so it is called "golden lamp and silver platform" or "wine glass narcissus"; If the vice crown is white and the flowers are leafy and thin, it is called "Yinzhanyutai".
(2) Double petal type: the flower is double, white, and the perianth 12 is split and rolled into a cluster, which is called "Louvre Narcissus" or "Yulinglong". The flower shape is not as beautiful as a single petal, and the fragrance is also poor. This is a variety of narcissus.
In addition, it is divided into Zhangzhou narcissus and Chongming narcissus according to the origin. Narcissus usually refers to Zhangzhou narcissus. The difference between Chongming Narcissus and Zhangzhou Narcissus is that castration is generally not allowed in dry land cultivation, and the bulbs are small and dense, with few flowers per bulb, generally only 1-2 flowers. According to the experiment of Shanghai Botanical Garden, there is not much difference between Chongming narcissus cultivated by Zhangzhou narcissus and Zhangzhou narcissus.
Medicinal value of narcissus
narcissus
Alias daffodil
Narcissus from Narcissus of Amaryllidaceae, whose bulbs are used as medicine. Harvest in spring and autumn, wash away the sediment, blanch, slice and dry or use it sparingly.
Bitter, pungent and cold in nature. A little poisonous.
Function: clearing away heat and toxic materials, dispersing stagnation and reducing swelling. It is used for treating parotitis, carbuncle, swelling and heat pain in the early stage of carbuncle.
Usage and dosage: 3 ~ 4 yuan. Apply appropriate amount externally, and mash the fresh product and apply it to the affected area.
Excerpted from the National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine
narcissus
Singer: Cyndi Wang
A flower. His name is Narcissus.
I took her off and put her by the window.
As long as anyone sees it
Even a glimpse.
My heart is inside.
The moon is in the middle of water.
My happiness jumped into the water.
Love goes around several times.
faintly discernible
My heart is tied to this knot.
I looked up at the moon.
Good hopes turn into raindrops.
And a string of tears
Who do you miss?
On the horizon of the cape
Just watch it.
Can travel thousands of miles * * * ChanJuan.
Oh, my God. Who is he?
Why hasn't it appeared yet?
Perfect plot
It's all in my dreams.
The fable of the prince
Frog, where are you?
I am in front of the pond.
Waiting day after day.
Oh, my God. Who is he?
Why hasn't it appeared yet?
The feeling of electric shock
It's all in my dreams.
Narcissus never fades.
For a wish
Until that man appeared.
Wait until that day
Kiss your face
Bang, everything came true.
A flower. His name is Narcissus.
I took her off and put her by the window.
As long as anyone sees it
Even a glimpse.
My heart is inside.
The moon is in the middle of water.
My happiness jumped into the water.
Love goes around several times.
faintly discernible
My heart is tied to this knot.
I looked up at the moon.
Good hopes turn into raindrops.
And a string of tears
Who do you miss?
On the horizon of the cape
Just watch it.
Can travel thousands of miles * * * ChanJuan.
Oh, my God. Who is he?
Why hasn't it appeared yet?
Perfect plot
It's all in my dreams.
The fable of the prince
Frog, where are you?
I am in front of the pond.
Waiting day after day.
Oh, my God. Who is he?
Why hasn't it appeared yet?
The feeling of electric shock
It's all in my dreams.
Narcissus never fades.
For a wish
Until that man appeared.
Wait until that day
Kiss your face
Bang, everything came true.
Oh, my God. Who is he?
Why hasn't it appeared yet?
Perfect plot
It's all in my dreams.
The fable of the prince
Frog, where are you?
I am in front of the pond.
Waiting day after day.
Oh, my God. Who is he?
Why hasn't it appeared yet?
The feeling of electric shock
It's all in my dreams.
Narcissus never fades.
For a wish
Until that man appeared.
Wait until that day
Kiss your face
Bang, everything came true.
Ode to Narcissus [English] Wordsworth Gu
I am like a lonely cloud,
Floating high above the valley,
Suddenly I saw a big piece of flowers,
Golden daffodils are blooming everywhere.
They are open by the lake and under the trees.
They danced and floated in the wind.
They are as dense as the stars in the Milky Way,
Shining like a star;
They extend forward along the bay,
The road to the distance seems endless;
At first glance, there are many flowers,
How happily Wan Hua shook his head and danced.
The sparkling lake waves are also jumping nearby.
But I don't know that this daffodil dances lightly;
The poet met this happy companion,
How can you not feel happy?
I stared for a long time-but I didn't understand.
The spiritual wealth that this scene has given me.
How many times have I lied alone,
Feel bored and empty;
This scene flashed through my mind,
How many times have comforted my loneliness;
My heart dances with daffodils again,
My heart is full of joy again.
Legend:
Legend has it that daffodils are the incarnations of Yao Emperor's daughters E Huang and Nv Ying. They are all married to Shun. Their elder sister is a queen and their younger sister is a princess. Their relationship is very good. Shun southern tour accident, and both buried in Xiangjiang River. God took pity on their loved ones, so he turned their souls into daffodils by the river, and they became the flower gods of daffodils in December.
Legend has it that there was a kind peasant woman in Yuanshan, Caiban Village, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province, who helped beggars who were hungry and cold. The beggar used to be a fairy, spraying his food around the house, and then he planted a daffodil with a golden lamp and a silver platform.
Western legends:
Narcissus is the English for narcissus, the narcissism of narcissists. This is a Greek myth that connects the two.
1。 Narcissus is a beautiful boy in Greek mythology. His father is a river god and his mother is a fairy. After Narcissus was born, his mother got a prediction: when he grows up, Narcissus will be the most beautiful man in the world; However, he will eventually be depressed because of his infatuation with his appearance. In order to escape the fulfillment of the Oracle, Narcissus' mother specially arranged for her son to grow up in the mountains, away from streams, lakes and the sea, so that Narcissus would never see his face. As his mother wished, Narcissus grew up quietly in the mountains. As predicted by the Oracle, he was handsome and became the most beautiful man in the world. All the girls who have seen him are deeply in love with him. However, Narcissus is arrogant and no woman can get his love. He only likes hunting in the mountains with friends all day, and he despises girls who are single-minded to him.
Echo, the mountain god, fell in love with Narcissus at first sight, but she couldn't express her feelings and could only simply repeat other people's voices. Narcissus ignored her infatuation. Narcissus had a heart of stone and broke her heart. She asked Venus to punish him and make him suffer. Melancholy, expectation and nothing made her leave her former partner and walk into the forest aimlessly. Here, her sadness is increasing day by day, her face is haggard, she disappears from the mountains, but her gentle voice always lingers in the valley. If you walk in the silent forest, she will respond to your voice. This is the echo of the mountain god.
The cold stone heart of Narcissus broke the girl's heart. Nemesis, the goddess of retribution, couldn't stand it anymore and decided to teach him a lesson. One day, Narcissus was hunting in the wild, and it was extremely hot. Soon, he was sweating profusely. Just then, the breeze blew, filled with coolness, and he went with the wind. Strolling through it, the oncoming lake is as clear as a mirror. For Nassau, this lake is very strange. Narcissus went and sat by the lake, trying to reach out and touch the lake to see what it looked like. Who knows that when he fixed his eyes on the mirror-smooth lake, he could not help but be amazed by a perfect face. Narcissus thought, who is this beautiful woman? It's really beautiful. Staring at it for a while, he found that when he waved to the beauty in the water, the beauty in the water waved to him; When he smiles at the beauty in the water, the beauty in the water smiles back at him; But when he reached out to touch the beauty, the beauty disappeared at once; When he withdrew his hand, a short time later, the beautiful woman appeared again and looked at him affectionately. Of course, Narcissus did not know that it was his reflection that appeared on the lake. He fell in love with his reflection. In order not to like the people who lost the lake, he guarded the lake day and night, and the days passed day by day. Narcissus stayed by the lake without sleeping or eating, and was willing to be the patron saint of beauty in his heart. Sometimes he rests by the lake, and sometimes he wanders on the shore, but his eyes are always inseparable from the reflection in boiling water. He always stares at the lake. Finally, the Oracle came true. Narcissus sat by the lake and died because he was caught by his fans.
The fairies were heartbroken and rushed to the lake to bury Narcissus' body properly. But the lake where Narcissus once sat was empty except for a bunch of strange flowers. It turned out that the god of love pitied Narcissus and turned him into a daffodil, which bloomed where there was water and made him look at his reflection forever. Those strange little flowers are beautiful and free from vulgarity, proud and lonely. In memory of narcissus, fairies named this flower narcissus, also called narcissus. This is why daffodils always grow at the water's edge. Because of this story, people use narcissism to describe those who like their looks very much and have narcissistic tendencies.
2。 Another version said that the swamp fairy had a crush on him. When she made friends with him, he saw his reflection in the swamp fairy's eyes. He wanted to see it again, so the swamp fairy lied to her that it was her soul and lured her into her own world. Kill him in the swamp.
3。 It is also said that Narcissus had a twin sister. They had a good relationship, but his sister passed away very early. Narcissus misses her very much. One day, he saw himself in the pond and thought it was his sister. He stayed there for a long time and refused to leave, so that he finally died by the pond.
Prose:
1
The warmest flower in the warmest season is the lotus holding the torch.
On the coolest day, the coolest flower is the daffodil that stretches the snowflake.
Only a piece of shallow ice water and a few broken white stones. All birds have withered leaves.
Choose multicolored primary colors, and all the colors in the world start with snow; I chose snow-white time and space to express my fragrance and warmth; Select Achnatherum splendens and tough and elastic strains.
Just one of a hundred flowers.
But just because it is one of the hundred flowers, it will not be similar to the other ninety-nine flowers. There are no similar rights and obligations. So calm, so warm.
Look at the lotus that blooms like a torch in the warmest season.
I was seriously carving a pot of daffodils this morning. I bought her before the flower seller carved it. She has slightly exposed a little bud, slightly green, but the uncut skin is slightly boring, so it does not affect my appreciation of her beauty after flowering. Her fragrance overflowed the bedroom and filled the whole hall, giving me enough imagination.
There is a big bud in the middle and five small buds around the elder sister. They are connected by bones and tendons. I can't bear to part, so I have to correct it slowly.
The dried skin, together with the tree with slightly white inner substance and slightly green buds, added a little mud at the root and a net to trap their sisters and prevent them from being separated from each other. In this way, they were transported from the far south to the northern cities thousands of miles away.
It took me an hour and a half to fix her, and I washed my hands three times in the middle. I couldn't bear to touch her limbs with muddy hands. She is so delicate, an unbearable beauty, which really makes me like it.
I don't have any professional tools to carve her, so I can only borrow a straight knife.
Gently remove the net wrapped around her, and slowly remove it from her side, not fast, for fear of breaking her newly exposed bud. Starting from her roots, gently knock off the useless and dried mud on the concrete floor with a little force, gently remove the stuck mud by hand, put it under the faucet, and wash away the mud left in the tiny cracks.
Shake off the water and slowly peel off the withered skin by hand. Due to long-term water loss, the buds are slightly shy, and the outer layer wrapped by the buds is dry and yellow, as thin as cicada wings and not easy to peel off. It's beautiful without losing the shyness of the little fairy. I'm always sad that I can't bear to peel your coat.
The seller always peels her off, leaving only a layer of tender skin. I can't bear to catch cold in the cold season, just to look beautiful, give her a little beauty surgery.
The tools were clumsy in her limbs and she dared not use any strength. Only half a centimeter of flesh and blood are connected together, and the strength is slightly stronger. I'm worried that the short separation of their sisters will indirectly affect her overall beauty. I always peel off the dry scar on her body carefully, and I dare not blink. I am afraid that I will cut her skin with a knife because of my carelessness. Her skin is greasy, and the bone feeling and texture surge in my eyes instantly. Only when I am immersed in my heart can I sincerely sigh that the creator has given her strong vitality.
The process of peeling daffodils is an infighting process. I thought that even if I could wash my hands, I could wash the soil off with water. Is it really because the surface of narcissus is neat and clean? How many mistakes did my hand make? I can still remember clearly that I can stop having the short-sighted vision of the Pharisees and repeat the same mistakes.
I imagine that narcissus flowers are white, bright and charming, comparable to fairies; Like duckweed floating in the water, you have no extra time to appreciate and think about how impetuous and noisy her endoplasm is, or cry or sing; For example, the white clouds in the sky are scattered in the vast sky with the wind, giving you only a blink of an eye. Just before you have time to hide her beauty, her charm and her Vientiane in your heart, there is no trace.
Howl! The fairy who separated your limbs! Speak your mind out loud, just to hear your praise and thank you for your light!
Cold light did not continue to suppress the growth of the little fairy, but bravely stood up under the scalpel to face the ragged enemy. Relax! Hurry up! Let go of your footsteps quickly and grow at an amazing speed. After 20 days, accumulate the fragrance of the bud and draw out the palm of your hand, the bud will bloom more brightly and last longer.
Cultivation:
During the development of narcissus, the bud turns yellow and shriveled, so it can't bloom, the flower scape dies in the middle, and the bud withers or withers before opening. This phenomenon is called "dumb flower". To prevent "dumb flowers", we need to control them from the following six aspects. The so-called "dumb flower" refers to narcissus in the process of hydroponics. Caused by the following reasons:
(1) The quality of narcissus balls is poor. Small ball, poor flower bud development; Sphere suffers from diseases and insect pests, the root disk is dry and rotten, the hair roots are few, and the body is weak.
(2) Improper maintenance. Frequent water change, insufficient light, high room temperature and poor ventilation lead to long white leaves and thin flowers. In addition, changing water will damage roots and flowers, and it will also lead to "dumb flowers".
(3) Improper water conservation season. "Dumb flowers" will appear when bulbs are dormant before the first frost or when the temperature rises after Tomb-Sweeping Day.
To prevent "dumb flowers", we must first select three-year-old high-quality bulbs for hydroponics. It is best to use rainwater or pond water to save water. If tap water is used, it should be stored for one day before use. Then make sure that the daffodils have enough light, not less than 6 hours a day, and pay attention to indoor ventilation. The temperature is kept at 12- 15 degrees, which is most conducive to the growth of daffodils. The weather in the north is dry, and the narcissus plants are sprayed with water every day.
(4) Lighting control. Narcissus likes plenty of sunshine, so it should be placed on a sunny windowsill and receive enough light to facilitate photosynthesis and accumulate nutrients, so that the flowers will be more fragrant.
(5) Temperature control. Narcissus likes to be warm and humid, but it is most taboo to have high temperature at the budding stage. The optimum temperature is 10- 15℃ during the day and 8- 10℃ at night. If the temperature is too high or too low, the formation of buds will be inhibited.
(6) Moisture control. The water quality should be clean, and the tap water should be stored for one day before use. Change the water once a day and pay attention to spraying water on the stems and leaves to prevent dryness and yellowing. If the water is not changed for several days, it will cause root rust and even root rot, which will affect flowering.