The ancient poem "Mooring at Maple Bridge at Night" is the representative work of Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ji. There are very few works handed down by Zhang Ji, probably less than 50 in total. Among the star-studded poets of the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Ji is neither a great one nor a famous one. But it is "Mooring at Maple Bridge at Night", this thousand-year-old song, that makes us know Zhang Ji, Maple Bridge, and the thousand-year-old bells of Hanshan Temple.
? "Night Mooring at Maple Bridge"
? The moon is setting and the sky is covered with crows and frost,
? Jiang Feng is fishing and fire is facing melancholy.
? Hanshan Temple outside Suzhou City,
? The midnight bell rings to the passenger ship.
Teacher Wang: After I finished teaching this poem in class, a Chinese teacher who was attending the class asked me a question, saying that I made two mistakes in teaching this poem. Which two places were taught wrongly?
First, "Jiang Feng" taught him wrong. He said that "Jiangfeng" is not the maple tree on the riverside. "Jiangfeng" is the collective name of the two bridges on the Suzhou section of the canal. One is called "Jiangcun Bridge" and the other is "Maple Bridge", collectively called "Jiangfeng". He particularly emphasized that when you go to the Hanshan Temple Scenic Area, you can still see these two exquisite and simple stone arch bridges.
? Second, "Chou Mian" is also taught wrongly. "Sorrowful Sleep" is not written about people, not people who suffer from insomnia due to worry. "Chou Mian" refers to mountains. Not far from Hanshan Temple, there is a mountain called "Chou Mian Mountain", also known as "Gushan". This mountain is still there today.
? Teacher Wang: Let me tell you, I know both of the two points you mentioned. This is the so-called new interpretation of "Night Mooring at Maple Bridge" proposed in recent years. If this poem were taught as a geography class or an archeology class, maybe I would follow the meaning you just mentioned. But, I’m sorry, what I’m taking now is poetry, ancient poetry, ancient Chinese poetry, ancient Chinese poetry that has been passed down for thousands of years, so I definitely can’t take it like this.
? If you act like this, how many beautiful ancient poems will fall into the abyss of eternal destruction in the name of "scientific research"?
? Back to "Night Mooring at Maple Bridge", how to interpret "Jiang Feng"? Although it is said that "poetry has no clear meaning", it is still "diversified and bounded" after all. This boundary and bottom line is "interpreting poetry with poetry." Only by interpreting poetry through poetry can we understand the connotation and artistic conception of poetry. What is "interpreting poetry with poetry"? The first poem refers to the poetic nature and flavor, and the second poem refers to the poem itself. What emotions does the image of "Jiang Maple" in classical poetry carry? What is the emotional image and tone of the entire poem? Melancholy, full of melancholy. Chinese classical poetry contains a large number of images describing sorrow. Sadness cannot be expressed by itself, but through the literary images of poetry. For example, the moon is setting, the frosty sky, and the stars are dotted with melancholy.
1. Maple tree bell culture
? Images in classical poetry: bright moon, sunset, wild geese, swimming fish, grass, maple trees
? Before and after Zhang Ji, people wrote about maple trees, as shown below
? The maple leaves written by Bai Juyi express the feeling of inner loneliness. The green maple here in Zhang Ruoxu's "Moonlight Night on the Spring River" is by no means a simple so-called natural phenomenon. In fact, it embodies the author's eternal melancholy. Another example is Du Fu's "Eight Autumn Songs". What is here? There is a maple forest here. So does the maple forest here only refer to a natural scene? In fact, it is based on Du Fu's melancholy, chill, and loneliness.
? All images related to maple trees, maple forests, and maple leaves are associated with melancholy and worry in the poems of these poets. Looking back at "Night Mooring on the Maple Bridge", the whole poem is exaggerating a melancholy mood. The moonlight, frosty sky, fishing fires, and river maples are all melancholy. They are all in the same vein as what the previous poets expressed, portrayed, and rendered. It is a kind of melancholy mood inside the poet. This is called interpreting poetry with poetry. Only by interpreting poems with poems can we truly enter the artistic conception of the poem and truly feel and understand the poet's unique emotions.
? This poem refers to the reason why it is famous because it writes another image: "Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City, the midnight bell rings to the passenger ship." The midnight bell of Hanshan Temple.
Back in the long river of time:
Chen Xiaoqi's "The Sound of the Waves Remains"
Wang Shizhen's "A Night Rain Inscribed on Hanshan Temple"
Gao Qi's "Bo Fengqiao"
Lu You's "Su Fengqiao"
There were those before Zhang Ji and those after Zhang Ji, but no one wrote as deeply as Zhang Ji. The sound of the bell at midnight is so warm and cold, full of affection. Without revealing my feelings, the temple bells have a specific meaning. I hope everyone who hears the bells can be relieved. Sleep is Zhang Ji's troubles, and the sound of the bell is the Bodhi that ends his troubles. This interpretation became a close friend of Chinese culture and a close friend of Zhang Ji.
2. Zhiyin Culture "Bo Ya Jue Xian"
? High mountains and flowing water have become culture in the sense of Zhiyin.
? I don’t understand: It’s enough to worship and remember him, but why did Boya break the strings of his harp and stop playing the drums?
Why does the intimate culture of explicit symbols have to be high mountains and flowing water? Can't it be willows, white clouds, cool breeze and bright moon? Because there is culture behind culture.
? 1. Zhong Ziqi said: "How wonderful! It is as tall as Mount Tai!" A mountain is not a height of altitude, but a height of culture. Mount Tai is the only one among the five mountains. In ancient times, when emperors ascended the throne, they had to climb to the highest peak of Mount Tai to announce it to the world. Therefore Confucius said: Climb Mount Tai and know the world. Du Fu: When you reach the top of the mountain, you can see all the mountains and small mountains at a glance. What Zhong Ziqi understood was Boya's ambition as high as a mountain.
? 2. Aiming at flowing water, Zhong Ziqi said: "How wonderful, it is as vast as a river!"
? The Yangtze River and the Yellow River are our mother rivers. What Zhong Ziqi understood was Boya's ambition and realm of life as far away as flowing water.
? This is the culture behind the culture. It's hard to find a true friend. If you go back in time, it's not difficult to understand Boya's approach. Bosom friends are the noble spiritual life pursuit and yearning of our nation.