Academic goal
1, understand the writing of contrast and the role of argument in narrative.
2. Learn to distinguish the types of paragraphs.
3. Through grasping the content of this novel, I deeply realize that imperialism and feudalism in old China are not only the root of China's rural economic depression and the increasing poverty of farmers' lives, but also deeply poison farmers' minds and souls, and stimulate students' strong desire to love new China and strive to build socialist spiritual civilization.
Teaching requirements
1, clear teaching focus
2. Grasp the character analysis of Runtu, Yang Er's sister-in-law and "I" in the novel, highlight the word "change", and connect the typical environment in which the characters live with the social roots that cause the tragic fate of the main characters.
3, do a good job of preview
Teaching focus
1. This novel is written by contrasting and highlighting the theme.
2. Mr. Lu Xun's sympathy for working people and his strong desire to change the old world and create a new life.
Teaching difficulties
1. Social reasons for the decline of rural economy and the increasing poverty of farmers after the Revolution of 1911.
2. discussion at the end of this article: I hope there is no such thing ... it has become a road. How to understand its profound meaning and function?
(analysis: this famous philosophical saying tells us that only hope without practice is equal to no hope. By comparing roads, the author vividly shows that as long as we work together and practice together, we can create a beautiful life path. This philosophical exposition sublimates the theme of the novel to a new height, increases the bright colors of the works and plays a role in inspiring people's courage and confidence in creating a new life. )
Teaching aids prepare portraits of teenagers jumping into the soil.
Class arrangement
1, 2 class hours: read through the text, clear the word barriers, and discuss the preview questions in groups.
3, 4 class hours: intensive reading of the text, classroom discussion, understanding the main idea of the article.
Preview homework
1. Who are the characters in this novel? Who is the protagonist? Who is the foil? Who is the clue?
2. The elements of the novel are:,,.
3, the story is divided into,,,.
4. Hometown is selected from Hometown and written by the author. In the first decade, a revolution broke out in China.
5. The novel takes the experience and feelings of "I" returning to my hometown as a clue (a clue is something that runs through the whole work in series, which can be a person, an event, a physical object ...), and the novel chooses and organizes materials around the clue. If we can grasp the clues when reading, we can sort out the paragraph level of the novel and grasp its structure. ), arrange the plot in order. The full text can be divided into three parts, namely,.
6. At the beginning of the novel, what season is my hometown and what kind of scenery is it? How's my mood? What kind of social reality does this description of scenery reveal?
7. Answer according to your own understanding:
(1) Runtu changed from a young "little hero" to a middle-aged "puppet man" because:
② The landscape of my hometown has drifted away from me, but I don't feel any nostalgia. this is because
(3) "I only feel that there are invisible high walls around me". This "high wall" means
(4) Whether there is hope depends on
8. Questions 2 and 3 after class
9. Draw a portrait for the teenager Runtu, the middle-aged Runtu and Yang Er's sister-in-law.
A:
The characters in the novel are Runtu, Yang Er's sister-in-law, Shui Sheng, Honger, my mother and me. The protagonist is Runtu, and the foil character is Yang Er's sister-in-law. The clue is me.
Runtu is the hero of this novel. Because he is the description center of the novel. Through my memory, I created the image of a young hero. The reunion with the middle-aged leap soil wrote down his changes and placed infinite sympathy; Honger and Shui Sheng are descendants of Runtu and me. They are very harmonious, so we pin our hopes on them and hope that they will have a new life that we have never had before.
2. People, plot and environment.
3. Start, develop, * * *, end.
4. Scream, Lu Xun, 192 1 year, Xinhai.
5, time, I go back to my hometown, I am in my hometown, I am far from my hometown.
(The full text is divided into three parts. The first part is the first five natural paragraphs. This part mainly writes about my return to my hometown. I saw the depression in my hometown and my sad mood, and explained the purpose of returning to my hometown. The second part from the sixth paragraph to … was swept away. Write that I am in my hometown. This is the main part of the novel, which mainly depicts two characters, Runtu and sister-in-law Yang Er, and profoundly reflects the sufferings brought by imperialism and feudalism to the rural areas of China and the mental trauma brought to the farmers in China. The third part goes from our ship ... to the end of the paper. )
6. Depicting the depression, desolation and lifelessness of rural areas in the south of the Yangtze River from gloomy weather, singing cold wind, Huang Chengcheng sky and scattered villages. It reflects the tragic scene of rural decline, depression and bankruptcy in China after the Revolution of 1911. Seeing all this, "I can't help feeling sad inside."
7.① The result of oppression and exploitation by reactionary rule is caused by many factors, such as many children, famine, exorbitant taxes, soldiers, bandits, officials, gentry, feudal hierarchical concept, ideological bondage of worshipping gods and buddhas, etc.
The depression and decline of my hometown and the "thick gap" between my hometown and the leap soil have made me feel that my hometown is not worth nostalgia.
③ The ideological and emotional gap between people caused by society at that time.
④ Practice and struggle.
8. Question 2 after class: Runtu is the protagonist of this novel, and the author writes his changes from different angles with comparative methods. Read the text carefully, extract the key words and fill in the table below, and then talk about what the author wants to tell people through these changes.
Through these changes, people's sufferings caused by imperialist aggression and feudal oppression were exposed, the incompleteness of the Revolution of 1911 was revealed, and the social disadvantages at that time were revealed, thus inspiring people to think, explore and take the road of hope.
Question 3 after class: How does the author describe the change of Yang Er's sister-in-law? What kind of person can she be seen from this change? What role does this play in expressing the theme?
Yang Er, who was called "Tofu Beauty" 20 years ago, sat all day. "Because of Iraq, the business of this tofu shop is very good." At that time, my sister-in-law Yang Er was still a law-abiding person. After 20 years, she became aggressive and presumptuous. For "I", false flattery and sharp ridicule: "Forgot? These are really noble eyes ... ","Brother Xun, you are rich ","You are a three-bedroom aunt now; Going out is an eight-foot sedan chair, but it is not wide? " She slandered Runtu, saying that Runtu buried more than a dozen plates in the ash pile and moved home together when transporting the ash. From these changes, we can see that Mrs. Yang Er was once called "Tofu Beauty" and acted as an "advertisement" to attract business, which was insulted and damaged. Due to the hardships of a long hard life, she became bitter, vulgar and snobbish. She is a greedy and selfish ordinary citizen, a typical example of hard work.
Description of the changes before and after Yang Er's Sister-in-law; Under the rule of warlord forces and feudal forces, the hometown is increasingly bankrupt and the urban citizens are increasingly poor.
(In the novel, sister-in-law Yang Er appears as a foil figure, and sister-in-law Yang Er's meanness and selfishness set off the simplicity and simplicity of the leap land. )
teaching process
I. Organizing teaching
Second, solve the problem.
In June, I went back to my hometown Shaoxing 5438+09 19 to meet my mother in Beijing. I witnessed the ruin of the countryside and the bitterness of farmers, and deeply felt the huge gap between friends and neighbors in my childhood, which caused emotional fluctuations that I could not eliminate, and also aroused my need to change the status quo.
Connecting with the contemporary background of the novel, we can easily find that the hometown and characters in my memory have undergone great changes compared with those in front of me, and have profound historical and social roots.
The topic of "hometown" not only explains the specific place where the event happened and developed, but also provides a specific place and environment for the activities of the characters.
This title has a deeper meaning. As the saying goes: "Kiss or not, fellow villagers". For ordinary people, hometown is always beautiful, cordial and unforgettable. However, in my eyes, my hometown is so declining and depressed that I feel sad and strange, especially between people, separated by a thick barrier of sadness, which makes me feel cold.
Third, import.
Mr. Lu Xun left his hometown in 0/898, and returned to his hometown for the second time in 0/9/0/2 with the purpose of selling his old house and taking his mother to Beijing. The novel unfolds the story with "I" as the clue. What do I see? What did you hear? What are your thoughts and feelings? Next, let's learn this novel together.
Four, familiar with the text
Clarify the following questions; Discuss the preview homework:
1, there are several desolate villages in the distance, with no vitality.
1. What does "sideways" mean?
(it means to put it sideways irregularly, and there is a feeling that God is abandoned. )
(2) With decadence, why use "Xiao Suo"?
(Xiao Suo describes the lack of vitality and liveliness. Highlighting the sad atmosphere.
Desolate: desolate and sparsely populated; Cold and cheerless. Depicted the decline and silence of the village. )
(3) Here is the feeling of writing "I" to see my hometown. Such decadence naturally has no lively atmosphere of life, but only lifeless. ("Anger" refers to exuberant vitality. )
2. "The broken stems of many hay on the corrugated board shake when the wind blows, which shows why this old house will inevitably change hands." The description of the scenery is to explain why the old house inevitably changes hands. What stands out?
In connection with the above, this description is to highlight an atmosphere and a mood. I want to leave my hometown and my old house forever. I can imagine my sadness, and I miss my hometown. This kind of mood can't help but be sad with the literary heart. No good mood, harmony. )
3. Why does the novel spend a lot of space to write many new things about the place where the boy leaps? What is the internal connection between this full text?
(This should be considered from two aspects.
First, these narratives and descriptions not only show that the young man is well informed, but also show that the little hero is full of love for life in every word and deed. This is in sharp contrast to later writing that he was breathless under the heavy oppression of reality, pinned his life on the gods and became dull and numb.
Secondly, because I have learned many strange things from Runtu, my deep friendship with Runtu is based on my incomparable worship of Runtu. Once this foundation disappeared and the little hero became a puppet, I deeply felt the psychological trauma caused by imperialism and feudal consciousness to the working people in old China, and I deeply realized the thick gap between us. However, it is precisely because the image of this little hero and many strange things he told are deeply imprinted in my mind and unforgettable, so at the end of the novel, a beautiful scene reappears in front of me, thus improving my hope for the future. These two points are the core of the full text and the theme of the novel. )
4. Writing about the change of Yang Er's eldest sister-in-law shows from another aspect that the rural economic bankruptcy involves a wide range, and the citizens of Liancheng Town are getting poorer every day. This paper describes the changes of characters by means of contrast, aiming at reflecting the social reality of rural areas in China after the Revolution of 1911 and expressing the author's complete denial of the old society and his enthusiastic pursuit of a new life.
5. There are two places in the novel where "high walls" are written:
"They" refers to my usual friends. I don't know something. When moistening the soil at the seaside, "they all look at the sky at the four corners of the high wall in the yard like me."
(2) "I only feel that there are invisible high walls around me, which divide me into loneliness and make me very bored; I was very clear about the image of the little hero with a silver collar on the watermelon ground, but now it suddenly blurs, which makes me very sad. "
The first "high wall" is actually written. The sentence means "I" and my friends are ignorant, simple and ignorant, and have little contact with the outside world.
The "high wall" in the second place is an imaginary way of writing and a figurative way of saying it. It refers to the "thick barrier" between "I" and leap soil, that is, the gap caused by feudal consciousness and feudal hierarchy.
6. "I'm lying down, listening to the sound of the waterfall at the bottom of the boat, and I know I'm going my own way." Is it useful for the author to write "I go my own way"?
A: Yes. This sentence has a double meaning. The first floor is about making a living in a foreign land away from home. On the second floor, touch the bottom, get up and think. The road here refers to what I think, that is, "hope". So this sentence dominates the following three paragraphs in structure and prompts the following in content. )
7. "The hope I am talking about now is not an idol made by myself? It's just that his wish is approaching, and my wish is still far away. " How to correctly understand this sentence?
This sentence reflects that on the one hand, I have a firm belief in pursuing a new life, on the other hand, I feel that hope is far away. Because any writer is limited by the world outlook. At that time, * * * had not been established, and Lu Xun had not found a specific "road" to solve China's thorny problems, so "I"' s vision of the road was hazy. )
8. "I think: I hope nothing, nothing." This work is like a road on the ground; In fact, there is no road on the ground. If there are many people walking, it will become a road. "How to understand this sentence?
This passage emphasizes the importance of practice. It doesn't matter if you have hope and don't practice; With hope and practice, this hope is nothing. The road is made by people, and hope can only be realized through hard work. This metaphor expresses my firm belief in pursuing a new life. )
5. Distinguish the types of paragraphs.
Do "Exercise 5":
Depending on which expression is dominant, the type of paragraph can be determined. )
1 is a narrative passage, which shows the inseparable relationship between Runtu and me in my youth and the process of my interaction with Runtu.
The second paragraph is a descriptive paragraph, which vividly describes the portrait of middle-aged moistening the soil.
The third paragraph is a discussion type. This discussion takes the miraculous picture reappearance of youth as a symbol of a new life, takes the road as a metaphor, and expresses the author's desire and attitude towards a new life in philosophical language.
Teaching summary of intransitive verbs
1. How much did you write in the second part of this article?
I wrote four things: I talked to my mother about moving after I returned to China; Recalling the boy's leap; Yang Er sister-in-law asked wood; Reunion with middle-aged leap soil. )
2. What methods does the author use to portray the main characters and set them off? What is the intention of describing the change of characters?
(By comparing before and after, the author describes the portraits, language, demeanor and movements of the characters, and writes about the changes between Runtu and his sister-in-law Yang Er. Describing characters and expressing the theme in comparison are the unique features of this paper. For example, there are comparative descriptions of portraits of little heroes and puppets, and there are also comparative descriptions of slow and boring dialogues, and so on. Through comparison, it shows the great changes in the economic life and mental state of leap land, and reveals the social reality that warlords have been fighting for years, the countryside is getting worse and worse, and farmers' lives are getting worse and worse after the Revolution of 1911. )
3. What is the main idea of the article?
Seven. distribute