1. Teaching materials
1. Analysis of teaching materials:
In general, articles that inject the author's strong subjective emotions into the description of scenes can make the language expressive and expressive. Full of interest, if in addition to the blending of emotions and scenery, it can express philosophical connotations between things and ourselves, it will be a superior work that achieves the realm of transformation. Su Shi's "Chibi Fu" is such a unique and excellent work that "uses text as a fu". It has the dual characteristics of parallel poems in the Southern and Northern Dynasties and ancient prose in the Tang and Song Dynasties. It is both beautiful in text and quality, and rich in emotion and reason. The purely conceptual abstract understanding of social life is completed by appreciating the wind and moon and paying homage to the ancients, and emits philosophical implications between the subjective and objective combinations. The article "is like flowing clouds and flowing water, initially without definite quality, but always doing what it should do, always stopping at the point where it must be done, with natural culture and science, and full of postures." It is the only Song article in the sixth unit of the third volume of the new high school Chinese textbook. The other three articles are Tang articles - Li Mi's "Chen Qing Biao", Han Yu's "The Essay on the Twelve Langs", Liu Zongyuan's " "Preface to the Poetry of Yuxi". The prose of the Tang Dynasty focused on artistic conception and emotion, while the prose of the Song Dynasty focused on emotion and rationale. But whether it is artistic conception, emotion or theoretical interest, we should pay attention to the appreciation of the language of the article, that is, to figure out the artistic conception, feel the emotion, and explore the theoretical interest. This is also a focus of the teaching of this unit. Therefore, in the teaching process of "Chibi Fu", we should firmly grasp the word "appreciation" and devote ourselves to cultivating students' appreciation level. This also reflects the requirement in the new syllabus that "we must devote ourselves to the improvement of students' Chinese literacy and overall ability." Improve, pay attention to accumulation, perception and edification, and pay attention to the cultivation of Chinese language application ability and language sense."
In view of the above analysis of teaching materials, the following three teaching objectives are established:
2. Teaching. Objectives:
(1) "Use literature as a gift" - learn the language characteristics of combining parallel prose and prose
(2) "Use intention to counter ambition" - perceive the illocutionary meaning of the work Emotions, Reasons and Interests
(3) "Knowing people and analyzing the world" - understanding the poet's thoughts of Confucianism and Taoism
3. Teaching focus:
(1) Appreciate the image of "water moon" in the analysis article
(2) Understand the philosophical connotation in the subject-object question and answer
4. Teaching principles:
From recitation to study , from the overall perception - deep evaluation, from the perceptual - rational principle
2. Preaching method:
1. According to the requirements of the new syllabus, middle school students should recite a certain amount of A simple classical Chinese text, "Chibi Fu" is a combination of parallel prose and prose, with beautiful rhymes and varied rhythms. In the first lesson, multimedia should be used to allow students to listen and read more, and at the same time allow students to recite it emotionally and recite it repeatedly. Based on the overall perception, clarify the ideas of the article; the second class focuses on research-based discussion and learning. The method is that the teacher designs problems, students collect information after class, and write speeches. They will be discussed in the form of communication and discussion in class. Students' understanding of the text leads to a deeper level.
2. Teaching hours: two classes
3. Teaching process:
First class period
1. Author and solution:
1. Su Shi in Huangzhou: The three places where Su Shi was demoted with the most useless opportunities in his life: Huangzhou, Huizhou, and Danzhou. The writing of Chibi Fu happened when Su Shi suffered the first setback in his life. Briefly introduce the term Su Shi Gonggeng Dongpo, Huangzhou Ye Zui and Liang Fu. It helps students to properly apply the method of "knowing people and analyzing the world" when appreciating works.
2. Problem solving:
(1) Related topics of Red Cliff: Red Cliff in the Three Kingdoms and Red Cliff in Huangzhou
(2) Characteristics of Fu Evolution: Sao Fu - Large Fu - Small Fu - Parallel Fu - Rhythm Fu - Wen Fu
2. The first link: Listen to the recording or watch the multimedia courseware to remind students to pay attention to the accuracy of the pronunciation of the characters and the rhythm of the sentences. and a change of pace.
The teacher points out the five rhyme changes in the five paragraphs. < /p>
Ask four students to read aloud separately, and the rest of the students will clarify the meaning of the text according to the annotations. Afterwards, the students raised questions and the teacher reminded important knowledge, giving examples
Using parts of speech - verb usage: Dancing in the deep valley of the latent dragon
Meaning usage: Companion with fish, shrimp and friend with elk
Noun as verb: Kuang Wu and Zi Yuqiao were on the river.
Sentence pattern - attributive postposition: There is a guest who plays the flute
Object Preface: Why is it so?
IV. The third link: clarify the ideas of the article, (students read silently)
Teacher’s instructions: Section 1 - The intoxication of boating on a moonlit night
The second section - the sadness of the sad flute sound
The third section - the sadness of frustrated life
The fourth section - the attitude of letting things happen
Section 5 - The freedom and ease of forgetting the world
V. The fourth link: Through the above analysis, let students read the text together, carefully understand the language of the article, and explore the scene, The relationship between emotion and reason.
Teacher wrote on the blackboard: You Jingle (to move people with scenery)
"Shuiyue" The song is sad (to move people)
Ask about Lixi (to police people with reason) )
VI. Fifth link: Arrange discussion topics for the next class:
(1) Appreciate the image of "water and moon" in the article, and talk about the ancients' awareness of landscapes.
(2) Analyze the image of subject and object, and understand the rational thoughts in the question and answer between subject and object.
The second class period
This class period revolves around the two questions from the previous class, in the form of student speeches-discussions-summaries, with timely guidance from the teacher.
1. Comment on the image of "water moon" in the article
Teacher's advice: The "water moon" in reality - the beauty of softness - appreciating the wind and moon (real)
< p>The "water moon" in history - the meaning of desolation - paying homage to the ancients (virtual)The "water moon" in philosophy - a moment in life - understanding life (virtual)
2. Extending Su Shi’s awareness of landscapes
Su Shi adopted a political avoidance. “It is better to consolidate poverty and help oneself than to be wronged and tired of oneself.” He found the happiness and joy of life. A more realistic way to comfort your soul. Regardless of the sighs of life or the sadness of politics, they all find rest in their love for nature and mountains and rivers. As a result, his awareness of landscapes reached a level far beyond that of his contemporaries. Therefore, natural landscapes in his writings are no longer just objects for philosophical speculation or appreciation like those of Wei and Jin poets, but are integrated into Su Shi's life, interests, and emotions. Autumn wind, autumn moon, Pingchou wilderness, extremely ordinary scenery are full of life and affection here. Moreover, a style of endless confusion and forgetfulness of things and myself flows out in Su Shi's writings. This is an ordinary and unattainable beauty.
3. Are the host and guest two people? Understand the philosophical thoughts in the subject-object question and answer.
Answer: The subject and the guest are actually two aspects of Su Shi's life.
The subject - Su Shi as a Taoist - Daguan - adapting to causes and conditions, being at peace with the situation
Ke - Su Shi as a Confucian - pessimistic - life is short, life is small
4. Combined with the poetry units "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields" and "Sleepwalking Tianmu's Song of Farewell", talk about Su Shi, Tao Yuanming and Li Bai transcended traditional personality.
Tao Yuanming - Birds in restraints are nostalgic for the old forest, and fish in the pond are thinking about old abyss - they are tempered by nature
Li Bai - An Neng is able to destroy his eyebrows and do important things to the powerful, which makes me unhappy. Yan - is deeply painful
Su Shi - water passes but flows forever, the moon waxes and wanes but lives forever - is free and easy and broad-minded
5. How to correctly evaluate Su Shi's easy-going and timely attitude Carpe die attitude?
Due to the poet's painful life experiences, it is an open-minded feeling to look at the ups and downs of life smoothly.
6. Conclusion:
(1) The article has the charm of fu and the style of prose, which breaks the constraints of fu on sentence structure, rhythm and antithesis, and uses it more freely. The sentence patterns form rhymed prose, which combines the charm of poetry and the rationality of prose, reflecting the graceful and long characteristics of rhyme.
(2) In "Red Cliff Ode", the gentle breeze and bright moon interweave, and the beautiful scenery reflected by dewdrops and water color all brought great comfort to the politically frustrated Su Shi, so he used his expressive and wonderful pen to write for Su Shi. We have shown a poetic and picturesque realm. He described the scene of rafting on the river on an autumn night, expressing his feelings about the infinite universe and the short life. He also used the water and moon as a metaphor to express the dialectical relationship between change and immutability in everything in the universe, making the melancholy mood Gaining poetic relief while enjoying the pleasure of the breeze and the bright moon shows an open-minded and optimistic mind.
7. Assignments:
(1) Rewrite the first verse of the article into a lyrical prose text.
(2) Compare the similarities and differences between "Previous Chibi Fu" and "Poster Chibi Fu".