The omnipotent Aleksandr Sergeyevich Pushkin founded Russian national literature and literary language, which set an example for Russian literature in various fields such as poetry, novel, drama and even fairy tales. Pushkin was also praised by Gorky as "the beginning of all beginnings". Born into a noble family. He began to write poetry at an early age and studied at Huangcun High School, which was set up by the czar government to train aristocratic children. During my study, I was influenced by progressive December Party members and some progressive thinkers. Many poems published later attacked serfdom and praised freedom and progress. In addition to poetry, Pushkin's major works mainly include the novel The Captain's Daughter, The Founder of Historical Documentary, the novella Dubrovski, and Belgin's novels. Pushkin was persecuted by the czar government in his creative activities. 1837 was killed in an arranged duel. His creation had a far-reaching impact on the development of Russian literature and language.
family background
00 Pushkin Poems and Paintings Collection
Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin was born in a noble family in Moscow on June 6, 1999. He loved revolution all his life and waged an indomitable struggle against dark autocracy. His thoughts and poems aroused the dissatisfaction and hatred of the tsarist Russian rulers. He was exiled twice and refused to surrender. Finally, he died in a duel with others under the conspiracy of the czar government. He is only 37 years old. He grew up in a strong literary atmosphere. As a child, he was disciplined by a French tutor and received an aristocratic education. At the age of eight, he was able to write poems in French. His family has a rich collection of books and makes friends with literary celebrities. His nanny from serfdom often told him Russian folk stories and legends, which made him appreciate the rich Russian since childhood. And has a strong interest in folk creation.
academic degree
00 18 1 1 year, Pushkin entered Huangcun School, a school for aristocratic children, and began his literary creation career at the age of 12. 18 15 in the senior high school entrance examination, he recited his own "nostalgia for the ancient imperial village", which showed his outstanding poetry writing ability, especially the beauty and exquisiteness of poetry. In his early poems, he imitated the romantic poets Bachu Skov and Zhukovsky, and learned the styles of French poets Andrei Che Nier 17 to 18. While studying in Huangcun Middle School, he was also influenced by the French Enlightenment and made friends with some security officers who later became party member in December. His thought of opposing czar's autocratic rule and pursuing freedom was initially formed.
occupation
After graduating at 00, Pushkin worked in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Petersburg. During this period, he was deeply influenced by the December Party members and their thoughts on democracy and freedom. He joined the Green Light Society, a literary group associated with the secret organization of the December Party members, and wrote many poems opposing serfdom and praising freedom, such as Ode to Me (18 17). To Cha Daieff (1818); Country, (18 19), 1820, Pushkin wrote a fairy tale narrative poem ruslan and lyudmila. The story is based on Russian folklore, and describes that ruslan, a knight, overcomes difficulties and obstacles and finally finds his bride, lyudmila. Pushkin used vivid folk language in his poems, which was different from classical poetry in content and form, and challenged the aristocratic traditional literature.
Disguised exile
00 statue of Pushkin and his wife.
Pushkin's works aroused the anxiety of the czar government. 1820 was sent to work in southern Russia, which was actually a disguised exile. During this period, he had more frequent contacts with members of the1February Party and attended some secret meetings in The Decemberists. His thought of pursuing freedom is clearer and stronger. Pushkin has written famous works such as Short Sword (182 1), Prisoner (1822), To the Sea (1824), and also wrote a set of poems of the South, including Captives of the Caucasus. He also wrote many beautiful lyric poems: The Sun goes down (1820) and Prisoner and Short Sword (182 1), which expressed the poet's strong yearning for freedom. Since this period, Pushkin has fully demonstrated his unique style.
isolation period
00 1824- 1825 Pushkin was sent back to his parents' territory-Mikhailovsk village, Pskov region, where he spent two years. During his imprisonment, he wrote nearly 100 poems. He collects folk songs and stories, studies Russian history, and his thoughts are more mature and his creation is more realistic. From 65438 to 0825, he completed the creation of Boris Godunov, the first realistic tragedy in Russian literary history. 00 1826, Tsar Nicholas I ascended the throne. Pushkin was recalled to Moscow in order to win people's hearts, but he was still under the secret surveillance of the Tsar police. Pushkin did not change his attitude towards The Decemberists. He had an illusion about the new czar, hoping that Nicholas I could pardon The Decemberists in exile in Siberia, but the illusion was quickly shattered, so he wrote a political lyric poem "To the Prisoner of Siberia" to express his loyalty to The Decemberists's ideal.
Pushkin
/kloc-in the autumn of 0/830, Pushkin spent three months in his father's territory, which was the harvest period of his life's creation and was called "the autumn of Polkino" in the history of literature. He finished the poetic novel yevgeni onegin written from 1823, and created the image of the first "superfluous man" in Russian literature, which became his most important work. He also wrote Belgin's Tales, Tragic Knight, Mozart and Charlery, Plague Banquet, The Stone Man and nearly 30 lyric poems. The postmaster in Belgin's short stories is a model of Russian short stories, which opens the tradition of shaping "little people" and his realistic creation is in full swing. Pushkin moved to Petersburg on 00 183 1 and still works in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He went on to create many works, including the narrative poem The Bronze Knight (1833), the fairy tale The Fisherman and the Goldfish (1833) and the short story The Queen of Spades (1834). He also wrote two novels about farmers, Du Blovsky (1832- 1833) and The Captain's Daughter (1836). 00 1836 Pushkin founded the literary magazine Modern People. This publication was edited by belinsky, Necrasov, Chernyshevski and Dobro Lyubov. Until the 1960s of 19, it not only trained a large number of outstanding writers, but also became the mouthpiece of Russian progressives. Pushkin's creation and activities are a headache for the czar government. They conspired to provoke the captain of the French gendarmerie, Dants, to desecrate Pushkin's wife, Natalia Nikolaevna Goncharova, which led to the duel between Pushkin and Dants in 1837. Pushkin was seriously injured in the duel and died on 1837129 October at the age of 37. His early death made Russian progressive literati sigh: "The sun of Russian poetry has set".
External evaluation
Pushkin's lofty thoughts and perfect artistic achievements have made him have a great influence in the world. His works have been translated into all the major languages in the world. Pushkin shows his love for freedom and life in his works, and he firmly believes that light will overcome darkness and reason will overcome prejudice. His lofty mission and lofty ambition of "lighting people's hearts with words" deeply touched generation after generation. Genius masterpieces have inspired the creative passion and inspiration of many Russian musicians. The operas onegin, Boris Godunov, The Queen of Spades, ruslan and lyudmila and Zokan are all based on Pushkin's poems, which are great musical works. Pushkin's lyric poems have been set to music and become popular art songs; Other works have also been adapted into ballets and become immortal classics on the stage. In memory of Pushkin, people renamed the village where he was born as Pushkin (the great Catherine died here on 1796). Now it has become a famous tourist attraction, and the famous village of Poljinnuo is also nearby. Perhaps many people don't know that Pushkin, a great Russian poet, is still an artist. Just look through Pushkin's manuscript and you will find a collection of Pushkin's works painted on the manuscript paper.
Many sketches and sketches are dazzling. The lines of these pictures are light, swift and flying, which completely conforms to the poet's temperament and character. Pushkin's paintings include portraits, landscapes, galloping horses and flowers, and illustrations for his own works. Pushkin is especially good at portrait painting. He only needs a few strokes to outline the typical characteristics of the characters, which is often more realistic than the portraits of some professional painters. In his series of portraits, there are great French enlightenment philosophers Voltaire and Diderot, English poet Byron, Russian writer Gerry Bao Ye Tolstoy, Russian poet Ryliyev and so on. These portraits are lifelike. From Pushkin's other sketches, we can see many exquisite and elegant female profiles. The Duchess of Therova was one of the most attractive women at that time, and her silhouette often appeared in Pushkin's works. Pushkin showed the charming image of Ann Pi Kane, a beautiful young woman, with a few faint strokes. The portrait he painted for the young Kajianka Vyacheva is like a portrait poem, describing the "blue eyes" and "lovely face" of a beautiful girl. Pushkin left many of his self-portraits in the margins of a large number of manuscripts, reading notes and books.