Du Fu (A.D. 7 12-770) was born in Xiangyang, Han nationality, and moved to Gongxian County, Henan Province. No. Shao Lao, a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, was also called "Li Du" with Li Bai. It should be distinguished from the other two poets, Li Shangyin and Du Mu, namely "Little Li Du". Du Fu and Li Bai are called "Great Li Du", and Du Fu is usually called "Lao Du".
Du Fu had a profound influence on China's classical poetry, and was called "Poet Saint" by later generations. His poems are called "the history of poetry". Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Caotang.
Du Fu wrote such famous works as Spring Hope, Northern Expedition, Three Officials and Three Farewells. In 79, Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Sichuan. Although he escaped the war and lived a relatively stable life, he still cared about people's livelihood and state affairs. Although Du Fu is a realistic poet, he also has a wild and unruly side. It is not difficult to see Du Fu's heroism from his masterpiece "Eight Immortals Drinking Songs".
The core of Du Fu's thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent governance, and he has the lofty ambition of "respecting the monarch and Yao Shun, and then making the customs pure". Although Du Fu was not famous before his death, his fame spread widely and had a far-reaching impact on China literature and Japanese literature. Du Fu's poems have been preserved for about 65,438+0,500 years, most of which were collected by Du Gongbu.
life experience
family background
Du Fu, Jing Zhao Du family, northern gentry. His ancestors were Du Zhou, a famous cruel official in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and his grandfather Du. Du Mu is another great poet after Du Yu in Tang Dynasty, and he is known as "Little Li Du". However, the two tribes are far apart. Du Fu came from Du Yu's second son, Du Dan, and Du Mu came from Du Yu's youngest son, Du Yin. Du Fu lived a relatively stable and prosperous life as a teenager because of his superior family environment. He was eager to learn since he was a child, and he could write poems at the age of seven. "Think strong at seven o'clock, sing the phoenix", and aspire to "supreme, Yao and Shun, and then make the vulgar pure". When he was a teenager, he was also very naughty. "I remember when I was fifteen years old, my heart was still a child, and I was as healthy as a yellow calf. Pears and dates ripen in the first eight months of the court, and trees can grow thousands of times a day. "
You-you're young.
Kaiyuan was nineteen years old and Du Fu was born in Linyi, Shandong. Twenty years old, roaming wuyue for several years. In the 23rd year of Kaiyuan (735), he went back to his hometown to attend "xianggong". Twenty-four years, he failed in the examination of Jinshi in Luoyang. Du Fu's father was Sima of Yanzhou at that time, so Du Fu went to Yanzhou to visit relatives and began a trip to Qi and Zhao.
In April of the third year of Tianbao (744), Du Fu met Li Bai who paid back the money to Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty in Luoyang. They met with Liang and Song (now Kaifeng and Shangqiu in Henan). After that, Du Fu went to qi zhou (now Jinan). Four years later, in autumn, they went to Yanzhou to meet Li Bai. They visited Taoist temples together, talked about poems and articles, and forged the friendship of "Walking hand in hand in autumn sleep". At the end of autumn, the two men shook hands and made peace. Du Fu ended the roaming life of "dissolute Zhao Qiuye Horse" and returned to Chang 'an.