We are familiar with the tragic love story between Lu You and Tang Wan because of the two poems "Hairpin Phoenix" that have been handed down through the ages. Because of this, Lu You seems to have been labeled as "Mama Baby Man" and "Heartbroken Man".
Thankfully, Lu You was not depressed because of the unfortunate marriage with his cousin Tang Wan. Despite the ups and downs of his life, Lu You worked tirelessly in his official career, always actively participated in the main battle, personally experienced military life in the front line of resisting gold, struggled in the literary world, and persisted in fighting for his ideals until the last moment of his life.
Lu You, like a tireless fighter, is active on his own stage, with endless life and fighting, which makes people deeply moved and sincerely admired. He has made great achievements in poetry, prose and calligraphy, leaving nearly ten thousand poems for later generations. He is known as the most outstanding patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, and is also known as the "Four Poets of Zhongxing" in the Southern Song Dynasty with Fan Chengda, Yang Wanli and You Mao.
It turned out that Lu You, a patriotic poet, was not cowardly, but was born at the wrong time. At the end of his life, the hero left a very precious wealth to future generations, which still shines brilliantly.
First, be an official at the age of 33 and fall together.
Lu You, who was born in a famous family, actually had a rough life. At the age of 2, he met the "Jingkang disaster" at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty. At that time, Lu Zai, the father of Jingxi Road Transport Assistant, was leaving his job and took his family back to his hometown Yuezhou Mountain to take refuge.
Lu You spent his childhood in rural Yin Shan. He was smart since childhood, and he could write poems and compositions at the age of 65,438+02. He became famous all over the world with his extraordinary talent, and was favored by the court of the Southern Song Dynasty, and was named "Deng".
However, Lu You's later life path was changed repeatedly. After he married his cousin Tang Wan at the age of 20, the marriage was forcibly broken up by his mother because they failed to have children, and his father died at the age of 23. The career path was not smooth, and I didn't go to Beijing to take the lock-up exam until I was 28 years old. Although he won the first prize, Qin Gui, the grandson of Qin Gui, the prime minister of Qin Dynasty, was also one of the students in the exam that year. Qin Gui was very unhappy when he saw that his grandson was ranked as Lu You in the exam, so he chose Lu You in the next year's college entrance examination.
In this way, Lu You was excluded from the employment list. It was not until five years later that Qin Gui died, and Lu You became an official at the age of 33. He was first appointed by Song Gaozong as the main book of Ningde County, Fuzhou. Four years later, Song Xiaozong Zhao Shen acceded to the throne (A.D. 1 162), and was awarded a Lu You Scholarship as editor of the Privy Council.
However, Lu You was a staunch advocate of anti-Jin, so he was repeatedly suppressed and rejected by the current hawk school, and was impeached by the hawk school for an inappropriate proposal to rectify official management, which angered Song Xiaozong and was demoted to Zhenjiang. Later, he was accused of suggesting that Zhang Dao, the special envoy of the Tang Dynasty, "get rid of the traitor of Long Dayuan, who has a wide group". Once again, he was demoted to Jiankang, and later to Longxing. He was falsely accused by the Lord and factions of "making slanderers and colluding with Zhang Jun, the governor of the Northern Expedition", so he was dismissed and returned to his hometown for standby.
Lu You returned to his hometown in Yin Shan for the first time after a four-year absence. During this period, he wrote a lot of poems reflecting the life of farmers in the south of the Yangtze River. You Shan Xi Cun is the representative work of this period;
Don't laugh at the farmhouse music brewed in the muddled month. In the harvest month, the dishes for guests are very rich.
There is no way to go because of the winding water flow in the mountains, and a mountain village suddenly appears in the willow-green flower bay.
The day of playing flute and drums is approaching, and the villagers are still dressed simply.
From now on, if you ride leisurely on the moon, you will lock the door with crutches all night.
In this seven-character poem, Lu You vividly depicts the pastoral scenery in the mountains, expresses his love for simple peasant life, and at the same time maps out the philosophy of life of "there is no way to recover from the heavy mountains and rivers, and a village is bright in the dark." These two poems have also become famous sentences throughout the ages, which are deeply loved by people and widely circulated.
Second, join the army, two ups and downs.
1 169, Lu You was reused by Song Xiaozong at the age of 44 and was appointed as Tongguan in Kuizhou, mainly responsible for reading and farming. During this period, Lu You wrote a famous essay "Entering Shu" ("***6 Volumes") according to local customs.
Two years later, Lu You responded to the call. Under the call of Sichuan Ambassador Wang Yan, he was transferred to the army and served as an official. He joined the army as a shogun in Nanzheng.
During this period, Lu You wrote "Ping Rong Ce" to expel the Jin people and recover the Central Plains, and put forward the military proposition that the northern expedition must take Longyou first when taking Chang 'an, and at the same time save food and strengthen training. To this end, Lu You was able to inspect Dingjun Mountain and the strategic fortress in Dasanguan area on the anti-Jin front and experience military life.
Unfortunately, Song Xiaozong did not adopt Lu You's Ping Rong Ce, nor did he arrange Wang Yan's Northern Expedition. Lu You only experienced eight months of military life, and the shogunate was dissolved.
Lu You, 47, was ordered to ride a donkey into Sichuan, and was appointed as an idle post in the appeasement department of Chengdufu Road. The following year (1 173), it was transferred to Tongguan, Zhou Shu, and then to Tongguan, Jiazhou. At the age of 49, he briefly represented state affairs in Yeongju.
1 175, my good friend Fan Chengda was appointed as the ambassador of Sichuan, and Lu You was recommended as the representative of Jincheng. The two became friends through writing in Chengdu and became "friends who will never look back". On this ground, the peace faction vilified Lu You's "decadent release". In desperation, Lu You was forced to resign. Later, he planted vegetables on the banks of Huanhua River near Du Fu's Caotang for a living, calling himself "Shi Weng", and he spoke in response to the attack of the peace faction.
Third, responsible for water conservancy, three ups and downs
1 178, Lu You was 53 years old and was promoted to Fuzhou Changping Tea Salt by Song Xiaozong. In the second year, he was promoted to Changping, Jiangxi, and was mainly responsible for managing agricultural work.
As luck would have it, the following year when there was a flood in Jiangxi, Lu You was good at opening a warehouse to release grain for disaster relief, and personally "sent a boat to send millet", and was impeached by the main peace faction on the grounds of "exceeding the rules". Lu You was forced to resign for the third time and returned to his hometown after nearly six years' absence.
The famous poem "Book Wrath" was written by Lu You in this period when he recalled his military life. He expressed his frustration and anger with tears:
When I was a child, I knew that the world was unbearable and the Central Plains looked like a mountain.
It snowed all night in the building, and the autumn wind dispersed in the iron horse.
Stuck on the Great Wall and make an empty promise, the sideburns in the mirror have long faded.
When you debut, you can say your real name, but you can't fight for a thousand years.
Fourth, Yanzhou promotion is everywhere.
Lu You was 6 1 years old and wrote On Books 1 186 years old, which was re-introduced by Song Xiaozong and was appointed as Yanzhou Year. Lu You worked in Yanzhou for more than two years.
Before Lu You took office, he visited Hangzhou and was summoned in an inn near the West Lake, where he wrote the famous seven-character poem "Spring Rain in Lin 'an":
For years, the taste of this world was as thin as gauze. Who will be the rider in Beijing?
Living in a small building and listening to the falling spring rain, you will hear the sound of selling apricots in the depths of the alley early in the morning.
Slowly spread out small pieces of paper sideways, every word is organized, carefully boil water and tea under the sun window, skim it and try to taste famous tea.
Oh, don't sigh that the dust in Kyoto will stain the white clothes, and there is still time to return to the mirror house in Lake Ubak.
In this poem, Lu You vaguely expressed his boredom with officialdom, his ups and downs in the official sea and his indifference to the world, and gained a little insight.
1 189, after Song Guangzong Zhao Dun acceded to the throne, Lu You was appointed as a doctor of rites and a reviser of the history museum. But not long after, Lu You was attacked by the peace faction for suggesting "openness", dismissed for "mocking romantic", and returned to his hometown again, staying at home for more than ten years.
During this period, Lu You, who insisted on writing, had a deeper understanding of life and wrote many famous articles in combination with his own experience. For example, "Speak your mind. Looking for a Hou in Wan Li, while recalling its own bumpy experience, expresses its helplessness with empty ambition to serve the country:
Recalling that year, in order to find opportunities to make contributions, I went to Liangzhou, the border guard, alone.
Now the military life of defending the border fortress can only appear in dreams, but I don't know where I am in dreams. Dust covered the old mink fur.
The Hu people are still alive, the temples are frosty in autumn, and the affectionate tears are dry.
This life is impermanent, my heart is in Tianshan, and I am always in Cangzhou.
1 192, 67-year-old Lu You wrote the famous "The Storm of November 4th": I was lying in a lonely village without self-pity, and I thought it was the country. Lying in the middle of the night listening to the wind and rain, the iron horse warrior fell asleep.
This poem is actually a declaration of Lu You's determination to resist gold and serve the country in his later years. Although it is ethereal, it is still immortal, and there is a deep patriotic feeling between the lines, which adds a bit of vicissitudes.
Five, five ups and downs, go home.
In the eighth year after Song Ningzong Zhao Kuo ascended the throne (1 194), Lu You was 77 years old. He was sent to Beijing for the fifth time as a fellow historian, historian and secretary supervisor, mainly responsible for compiling the annals of the two dynasties and the history of the three dynasties.
After completing the compilation of history books, Lu You was appointed as Bao, equivalent to an adviser to the imperial court, and was able to enjoy the treatment of provincial and ministerial cadres and return to his hometown to provide for the elderly.
Since then, Lu You has been living in his hometown of Yin Shan, focusing on the family education of his children. He once wrote Reading on a Winter Night: The ancients learned nothing, and it takes time to grow old. What you get on paper is so shallow that you never know what you have to do. Expressed the old father's inculcation and ardent expectations for his children.
Lu You, who was concerned about his country and people, died on June 26th 12 10 at the age of 85 after learning that the Northern Expedition of Han Yazhou failed. On his deathbed, he wrote a famous poem "Show Your Son", which expressed his strong patriotic feelings on his deathbed:
I know that when I die, everything on earth has nothing to do with me. But the only thing that hurts me is that I failed to see the reunification of the motherland.
Therefore, when the great Song Jun team recaptures the Central Plains, you will hold a home banquet ceremony. Don't forget to tell me the good news!
The five ups and downs of Lu You's "Counting Yongmei" are a metaphor for his unswerving patriotic feelings despite the ups and downs of his life:
Outside the bridge, the plum blossoms are lonely, no matter what.
It's dusk and I'm alone. It is windy and rainy.
Plum blossoms don't want to compete for blooming, and the envy and rejection of flowers don't care.
Even after autumn, when it is ground into dirt and turned into dust, plum blossoms still emit fragrance as usual.
Author: Li Dakui