Language has the following characteristics:
1. Directionality
Language has directionality. The directionality of language allows the description of the meaning of language to point to the corresponding thing, things. Such as: tree, person, superior, etc. The fact that the directedness of language is recognized by humans. For example, "人" can mean a real "person", but if we do not recognize that it means "person" and converts another character, then the directionality of the language will be transferred to another character.
2. Descriptiveness
The descriptive nature of language is the embodiment of the meaning of language. The descriptive nature of language is an important manifestation of the ability of language to communicate. The descriptive nature of language is subject to changes in the directionality of language. Such as: people/adults/little adults, people/people/people's, etc.
3. Logic
Language is a structured and regular instruction system. The logic of language changes by the direction and description of language. For example: I am a Chinese/I am like a Chinese, 1+1=2/1*1=1, this is an apple/this is a car, etc.
Language is produced in a specific environment for the needs of life, so a specific environment will inevitably leave a specific imprint on the language. In addition, language is a medium for people to exchange ideas. Therefore, it will inevitably have an impact on politics, economy and society, technology, and even culture itself. Language, a cultural phenomenon, is constantly developing, and its current spatial distribution is also the result of past diffusion, change, and development. Therefore, only by placing it in the context of time and space can we comprehensively and deeply understand its relationship with the natural environment and the humanistic environment. .
Extended information
In the 19th century, the European Comparative School studied nearly a hundred languages ????in the world and found that there were correspondences between certain pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammatical rules in some languages. , have some similarities, they put these languages ??into one category, called homologous languages; because there are some correspondences between some families, they are grouped together, called homologous languages, this is the so-called inter-language Genealogical relationships. There are seven major language families in the world:
The Indo-European language family is the largest language family, and is divided into Indian, Iranian, Germanic, Latin, Slavic, Baltic and other language families. The Indian language family includes Sanskrit, Hindi, Pali, etc. The Iranian language family includes Persian, Kurdish, Pashto, etc. The Germanic language family includes English, German, Dutch, and the major languages ??of Scandinavia. The Latin family includes French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian. Slavic languages ??include Russian, Bulgarian, and Polish. The Baltic language family includes Latvian and Lithuanian.
The Sino-Tibetan language family is divided into Chinese and Tibeto-Burman, Zhuang-Kao, Miao-Yao and other language families, including Chinese, Tibetan, Burmese, Karen, Zhuang, Miao, Yao, etc.
The Altaic language family is divided into three language families: Turkic, Mongolian, and Tungusic. The Turkic language family includes Uzbek, Uyghur, Kazakh, Azerbaijani and Chuvash, the Mongolian language family includes Mongolian and Daur, etc., and the Tungus language family includes Manchu, Sibe and Evenki in Russia.
The Semitic language family is also known as the Afro-Asiatic language family. It is divided into Semitic language family and Hamic language family. The former includes Arabic, Hebrew, etc., and the latter includes ancient Egyptian, Hausa, etc.
Dravidian languages ??are also called Dravidian languages. The languages ??of southern India all belong to this language family, including Bihar, Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, etc.
Caucasian language family The languages ??of this language family are distributed in the Caucasus. The main languages ????are Georgian, Chechen, etc.
The Uralic language family is divided into the Finnish language family and the Ugric language family. The former includes Finnish, Estonian, etc., and the latter includes Hungarian, Mansi, etc.
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