1, master the pronunciation and interpretation of key words in poetry, and understand the content of poetry.
2. Understand several methods of poetry analysis and learn to use them? Take over and turn over? Legal analysis of poetry
3, understand the artistic conception of poetry, read well. Understand and feel the poet's open-minded mind and positive spirit.
(B) teaching focus:
1, experience the artistic conception described in poetry.
2. Experience the thoughts and feelings expressed in poetry.
(3) Teaching difficulties:
Master the author's writing skills
Clever use? Take over and turn over? Legal analysis of modern poetry
(4) Instructional design:
First, import:
Students, it should be said that everyone has experienced parting. When people leave their family and friends, they will always be very sad. It is inevitable that they will say some words of blessing, and some will even cry like children. This is of course human nature, not surprising. However, poetry, as an art, if all this is written in, it will make people feel a bit mediocre and fall into the stereotype. What kind of artistic conception does the farewell poem give people? Today, we are going to learn the farewell poem "Farewell to Vice Governor Du".
Before learning this poem, I want to ask you a question: Give us a poem with the author's brief introduction, writing background and other related contents. What method will you take to analyze it?
In fact, Mencius has long put forward the analysis and appreciation of poetry? Knowing people and discussing the world? And then what? Against your will? There are two main methods that students often use, but they don't know the specific names. To understand people and discuss the world is to understand a poet's poetry, first of all, to understand the poet's personality, thoughts and life experiences, and at the same time to understand the era environment in which the poet lives. Only in this way can you truly understand the thoughts and feelings expressed in his poems, because a writer's works are bound to be closely related to his times. So-called? Against your will? Is it based on the poem itself? Meaning?
To infer the author's thoughts and feelings? Pool? . However, both methods are too general. In the concrete analysis, we may not have specific and comprehensive information or the poems are obscure, so we don't understand them very well. What shall we do? In this class, I'll teach you a more specific method that is more in line with the characteristics of modern poetry. Take over and turn over? The definition of modern poetry is clear: modern poetry includes quatrains (five words and four sentences, seven words and four sentences), regular poems (five words and eight sentences, seven words and eight sentences) and parallel poems (more than ten sentences), which are based on the meter of regular poems. Refers to the metrical poem style formed in the Tang Dynasty. Modern poetry has strict restrictions on the number, number of words, fluency and rhyme of sentences. Modern poetry is the main poetic style after the Tang Dynasty, and the representative poets are Li Bai, Du Fu, Li Shangyin and Lu You. )? Take over and turn over? The function of each couplet is marked separately.
From: it is the beginning, the first couplet. The function of the first link is to solve the problem, that is, to explain the main factors in the problem.
Commitment: couplets, closely follow the content and direction written by couplets, and make a specific description.
Turn: Necklace, emphasizing the need to change the description direction in content.
Receive: Tail couplet, respond to the topic, respond to the title.
Next, shall we use it? Take over and turn over? The method of analyzing this poem.
Secondly, the author introduces:
In Tang Gaozong, Wang Bo was mentioned, and his name was Zi 'an. He is only 14 years old. He is still a teenager, but because of his talent, he is called Yang Jiong, Lu and Luo? Four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty? . At the age of 27, he went to Jiao Jiao to visit his father and drowned. He wrote Wang Zian.
Three, teachers and students * * * with analysis:
(1) Title: Farewell to the viceroy and go to Shu.
The author sent a friend named Du to Sichuan to be a county magistrate.
The official system in the Tang dynasty, the length of a county became? Order? There is also a county magistrate below? Hey? , handling civil affairs; Really? Hey? , handling military affairs. Wencheng Wuwei is an official position to assist the county magistrate. Do literati call county magistrate when writing letters, bamboo slips or official documents? Mingfu? , XianCheng for? Zapho? , county commandant for? Shaofu? .
Zhou Shu is Shu County, and Chengdu is Shu County from Han Dynasty to Sui Dynasty. In the early Tang Dynasty, the county was a state, so it was changed to Shuzhou. But when Wang Bo wrote this poem, Chengdu had been renamed Yizhou. So Wang Bo still uses ancient place names. Later, after Wang Bo's death, Wuhou hung the arch for two years, dividing Yizhou into three pieces, one of which was called Zhou Shu.
⑵? Across the wall of Sanqin, across a layer of fog, across a river. ?
(from: the first couplet, which breaks the topic, explains the main factors in the poem. This poem is a farewell poem, and the main factors are time and place.)
① position
Quecheng: Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty
Auxiliary: auxiliary guards.
Sanqin: The area around Guanzhong near Chang 'an.
Point out the place to say goodbye. )
Wind smoke: wind dust smoke
Wujin: Five ferries on the Minjiang River in Sichuan Province.
? Looking from a distance, we can see that the wind, dust and fog around Sichuan Province are endless. ? (point out where pedestrians are going)
② Time
It is windy and foggy, and foggy in the morning.
Because the language of poetry is different from prose, it can't directly quote a certain year, month and day, but as a symbolic expression of time with the changes of seasons, climate and natural scenery.
1. What scenes are described in the first couplet? What is the difference between the first sentence and the second sentence in describing the characteristics of the scenery?
City Que San Qin Yan Feng Wu Jin
The contrast between one near, one far, one bright and one dark strongly constitutes a very vivid and true farewell picture.
Does the poem begin with saying goodbye? what did you say ?
No, it describes the forms and characteristics of these two places.
Now you can imagine that the poet and his good friend Du Shaofu are standing at the foot of Chang 'an, looking up at Chang 'an and then looking at the direction of Zhou Shu. Looking up at a thousand miles, I feel infinitely reluctant and feel comfortable leaving.
13. Have you noticed a detail? Can a poet stand at the foot of Chang 'an and see Zhou Shu thousands of miles away? What kind of expression is used?
I can't.
Similar verse:? How the water of the Yellow River flows out of heaven and into the ocean, which is gone forever. ?
Here, the poet looks at the world with imaginary eyes, and shows us a magnificent realm from the beginning, which is different from the general farewell poems that only focus on poplar branches, tears and wine lamps.
(another explanation:
Through this wall around Sanqin area: Zhou Shu is a rich place, and every city there has contributed to Sanqin. Through a mist that unites the five rivers: The author looks at the scenery of Zhou Shu from a distance. The author comforted Du Shaofu that you are not an official in the frontier, but an official in a place that is useful to the imperial court. From the standpoint of seeing me off, the next sentence says that if you leave, I can only see the scenery in Zhou Shu.
Get to the point: Looking back now, the first couplet has depicted a very grand scene for us, because the function of the first couplet is to break the topic, and the writing method requires us to focus on the big picture and write roughly. What are the details? Concretization is the task of the next link.
We said goodbye sadly, and our two officials went the opposite way.
Commitment: follow the specific description of the content and direction stated in the first part.
Parting intention-feeling of parting
We said goodbye to each other sadly-your feelings of parting to me.
Official traveler-a person who wanders around to become an official. (In ancient times, being away from home to study became a tourist or a study tour, and being away from home for an official was called a tour or an official tour)
The author wants to tell Du Shaofu that I am as sad as you are at this time, but because we two diametrically opposed officials have our own responsibilities and have to go to our posts, this difference is completely understandable. Moreover, the two of us who are officials are taking opposite paths, and I can best understand your feelings of being away from your family and friends because you are going out to be an official. The poet comforted Du Shaofu with considerate and caring tone, and his feelings were sincere and natural.
Du Shaofu, a small official who became a county commandant in Beijing, had to travel long distances to Zhou Shushu. I'm afraid he is a depressed and frustrated intellectual. Wang Bo went abroad on business and had a bumpy career. When they walk out of Beijing hand in hand and look at Wujin, their feelings will naturally communicate with each other? We said goodbye sadly, and our two officials went in opposite directions. ? These two poems naturally express the feelings between two people.
⑷? After all, the world is just a small place. ?
Five or six sentences turned to comfort friends who were about to travel.
Being far away from real friends is inseparable, as long as you are in the same place, even in a corner of the world, just like being close to your neighbors. This is not only a comfort to Du Shaofu, but also a compliment to him. It shows the poet's broad mind and noble taste, and the sincere friendship has been sublimated.
This is the author's famous sentence, and it is also one of the best sentences in Tang poetry, but it was not initiated by Wang Bo. He borrowed Cao Zhi's poems? Husbands are all over the world, and Wan Li has two more poems:? Chang 'an has no old days, and a hundred miles is the end of the world. ? This is the reverse application of Wang Bo's poems, and it cannot be said that Wang Bo's syntax has been stolen.
⑸? Why are you wandering at the fork in the road? The child is holding a towel. ?
Inaction: No, you don't need it.
Bifurcated roads: separated intersections
Weeping towel: Waving tears to say goodbye (when people cry, they should wipe their tears with handkerchiefs, so they can wipe towels instead of crying. This kind of word is called pronoun or pronoun)
Go back to the individual scene, respond to the topic, and respond to the title.
[6] Review the whole poem:
The author wrote this poem to comfort his friend Du Shaofu, but he didn't advise him not to be too sad at first. Instead, I sketched a real farewell picture with the description of the environment, and said that I am an official traveler like him, and I can best understand his feelings of seeking an official position because he left his relatives and friends. Then, it goes on to say that mountains and rivers can't stop the spiritual and emotional communication between bosom friends. After all, the world is just a small place. ? Therefore, it has become the whole police strategy. It was not until the end that I advised him not to be too sad when he broke up. If Du Shaofu writes this down euphemistically, he will feel cordial and his lingering feelings will be relieved.
Fourth, summary:
This poem is optimistic and cheerful, without all the sentimental feelings of ordinary farewell poems. I think this is an important reason for its popularity. From the Qi and Liang Dynasties to the early Tang Dynasty, the flashy and gorgeous poetic style has always occupied the dominant position in the poetic world. Yang Jiong, Lu, Luo and others reversed the poetic style of Qi Liang and created a new atmosphere of poetry creation.
V. Homework:
1. Collect poems of the early Tang Dynasty after class, analyze and compare them.
2. Recite the whole poem
(8) Writing on the blackboard: Farewell to the viceroy and go to Shu.
?
From the wall around the third district of Qin Dynasty, there is a mist that unites five rivers.
Cheng, we reluctantly said goodbye, and our two officials parted ways.
As long as China keeps our friendship, heaven is still our neighbor.
Why are you wandering at the fork in the road? The child is holding a towel.
?
The second teaching design of the teaching goal of "Send Du Fu Du Du Chu"
1. Learn some common sense about poetry.
2. Understand some skills of poetry, read it repeatedly, and experience the rhythmic beauty of poetry.
3. By tasting the language of poetry, we can appreciate the mood of poetry and understand its artistic conception.
4. Cultivate students' thoughts and feelings of loving the motherland and cherishing the friendship between friends, and improve students' aesthetic ability.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
1. Through repeated reciting, the whole class can recite poems smoothly.
2. Cultivate students' imagination, strengthen their self-cultivation and cultivate their sentiment through the reprocessing of poetic artistic conception.
3. Cultivate students' reading ability and understanding ability.
teaching process
First, import:
Students, what is the teacher's hand? (Picture) To be precise, this is a graduation photo. Turn to the back of the photo and we see this poem? After all, the world is just a small place. ? This poem is often quoted by various graduation photo and commemorative books. So, do the students know where this poem comes from? In fact, it comes from saying goodbye to the governor and going to Shu to be an official. This article is what we are going to study today.
Second, the author introduces: (Wang Bo (650-675), the word An. One of the four outstanding men in the early Tang Dynasty, his life was short and bumpy.
The prince was handed down from generation to generation. Four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty: Yang Jiong, Lu, Luo. )
Third, analyze poetry:
(1) Teachers demonstrate reading and students solve the following problems:
1. What genre is this poem?
The students answered. Qing: Five-character verse. Keep asking, what are the names of these four verses? (First connection, parallel connection, neck connection and tail connection)
2. What did this poem say? Where did you see it?
The students answered. Clear: send a friend, you can see it from the title.
(2) Solution:
Farewell du to Shu. Recalling the farewell to Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou
(3) Word learning: Check students' preview by driving a train.
Que (bend? ): the watchtower in front of the palace. Auxiliary: escort. Wujin: refers to Wudu of Minjiang River in Sichuan.
Official (Hu? N): the meaning of being an official. Inaction: No, you don't need it.
(4) Poetry analysis:
1. After the students' preview and the teacher's reading just now, which poem in the poem gives the students the most direct feeling?
The students answered. Clear: However, as long as China keeps our friendship, heaven is still our neighbor;
2. How do the students understand this poem?
The students answered. Qing: 1, as long as we are bosom friends from all over the world, even if we are separated by the ends of the earth, we are still like together. 2. There is a bosom friend in the world, so forget it?
Right? Confidante? Different understandings of this poem give us different understandings. Poetry is not available? . Both understandings mentioned a key word, which is why the poet wrote this poem. What is that? (parting)
3. Is the couplet in the poem directly mentioned? Parting? ,? We two officials run counter to each other? What is parting?
The students answered. Clear: reasons for leaving.
What do we usually say when we leave our friends? Nothing more than telling friends to take care and asking about the date of return. However, the poet did not stay here for a few words about his friend's departure, but directly found out the reason for his departure, which shows how the poet faced his friend's departure. (calm)
This calm attitude of the poet influenced the scenery in his works.
4. What are the two points in the first couplet?
The students answered. Clearance: Chang 'an, Sichuan
Please read the first couplet carefully again and see who can find the problem.
Students ask questions. Clear: The poet said goodbye to his friends in Chang 'an, so he couldn't visit Sichuan, but here the poet used it? Hope? Words connect these two places? Why?
6. Organize students to have a group discussion on this issue.
The students answered. Cleared: 1. Does the poet use two places thousands of miles apart? Hope? The connection of words makes poetry have an open artistic conception. 2. It shows the poet's concern for his friend's future life.
7. On the basis of learning the first couplet and couplet of the poem, we will return to the neck couplet of the poem, which is a famous sentence throughout the ages. Students, what do you think of this poem now?
Students discuss and answer.
The students answered. Clear: Encourage each other with friends, transcend time and space, and be optimistic and open-minded.
8. The poet in the couplet told his friend not to cry. What is the implication? So this place is not only a comfort to friends, but also? (Smile) What attitude does it show the poet? (aggressive)
(5) Summary: Master the definitions of words in poetry; Understand and comprehend the poet's optimistic, open-minded and enterprising emotional views and values.
(6) Let students read the whole poem with their own understanding of poetry and feelings.
Students read aloud. Evaluation, students, all good things must come to an end. In the face of parting, young and strong Wang Bo showed his optimism and open-mindedness. So, how do we understand the difference? Sincerely advise friends to drink a glass of wine, and it is difficult to meet their relatives when they go out to the sun. ? Willow branches are broken and flowers are flying. Will pedestrians come back? And then what? Just saying goodbye to those who are ecstatic. ? Waiting for a farewell poem? How should we face the parting of life? These questions are what we should think after learning this poem.
(7) homework:
1. Recite and recite the whole poem, and carefully understand the emotions contained in the poem.
2. What other farewell poems do you know? Compare their similarities and differences with "Farewell to Lieutenant Du for Shu" and talk about your views.
Fourth, the teaching effect evaluation:
(1) Pay attention to the students' expressions and eyes when explaining, and check whether the students keep up with the progress of the lecture;
(2) According to the students' discussions and answers, examine the depth of students' mastery and understanding of the content;
(3) According to the correctness of students' reading seed sounds and pauses, we can examine students' mastery of new words and their understanding of poetry emotions.
blackboard-writing design
The first couplet points out the location and has a broad artistic conception.
Face up to the reason why you broke up.
Necklace and friends encourage each other to be optimistic and open-minded
End to end to comfort and encourage positive progress.