Allusions to ancient poems
1. Casting a pen. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" records: Ban Chao was from a poor family and relied on copying documents for the government to make a living. He once cast a pen and lamented that he should imitate Fu Jiezi and Zhang Qian made meritorious service on the border, and were awarded titles and marquises. Later, "throwing pens" meant abandoning literature and joining martial arts. For example, Xin Qiji's "Shui Diao Ge Tou": If you don't learn Banchao and cast pens, you will be granted titles thousands of miles away and become a haggard old Bianzhou.< /p>
2. The Great Wall. "The Biography of Tan Daoji in Southern History", Tan Daoji was a general in the Southern Song Dynasty. He was very powerful and was jealous of the emperor and his ministers. Later, when Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty took the opportunity to kill him, Tan Daoji said angrily: "This is a bad thing for you. The Great Wall!" Later, the term "Great Wall" was used to refer to the generals guarding the border. For example, Lu You's "Shu Ang": "I have blocked the Great Wall for a long time, and my temples are already stained in the mirror."
3. Loulan. "Book of Han" records that King Loulan was greedy for money and killed Han envoys to the Western Regions many times. Later, Fu Jiezi was sent as an envoy to the Western Regions to kill King Loulan and serve the country. From then on, poets often used "Loulan" to refer to enemies on the border. , use "break (kill) Loulan" to refer to achievements. For example: Wang Changling marched to the Qinghai Changyun Dark Snow Mountain, and the territory looked at Yumen Pass in the distance. The yellow sand will wear golden armor in a hundred battles, and Loulan will never be returned if he does not break it.
4. "Bend at the waist". "Biography of Hermitage in the Book of the Song Dynasty" records that Tao Yuanming once served as the magistrate of Pengze County, but he abandoned his official position and went into seclusion because he refused to "bend at the waist for five buckets of rice". "Bend at the waist" means to bow down and bow, and later it was used to refer to bending down to do something. People, but poets often use it contrary to its meaning. For example, Li Bai's "Dream Wandering in Tianmu Mountains Leaving Farewell": "How can I be able to destroy my eyebrows and bend my waist to serve the powerful, making me unhappy?"
5. Huabi. According to "Zhuangzi's Foreign Affairs", Chang Hong was a wise minister of the Zhou Dynasty. He was innocent and was exiled to Shu. After he committed suicide in Shu, the locals hid his blood in a jade box. Three years later, the blood turned into Jasper. Later, people often used "Hua Bi" to describe upright and upright people who were wronged and wronged for the cause of justice.
6. Hongyan. "The Biography of Su Wu in the Book of Han", the Xiongnu Chanyu deceived the Han envoys, Chen Suwu is dead , but the Han envoy deliberately said that the emperor of the Han Dynasty shot down a wild goose flying from the north while hunting. There was a silk script tied to his feet, which was written by Su Wu. "Yanzu", "Yuyan", etc. refer to letters and messages. For example, Yan Shu's "Poverty and Joy": "The small characters on the red paper describe all the ordinary business. The red geese are in the clouds and the fish are in the water. It is difficult to send melancholy."
7. Chi Su. Ancient Yuefu's "Drinking Horses in the Great Wall Grottoes": "A guest came from afar and left me a pair of carps. I asked the boy to cook the carps, and there was a Chi Su calligraphy in it." Later, "Chi Su" was used as a letter. Such as Qin Guan's "Treading on the Shasha": "The post sends plum blossoms, the fish passes the ruler's rope, and there are countless hates built into it. The Chenjiang River fortunately circles Chenshan Mountain, for whom does it flow down to Xiaoxiang?"
< p>8. Qingluan. "Xianhai Jing" records that every time the Queen Mother of the West travels, she first sends a message to a Qingluan. Later generations used "Qingluan" and "Qingniao" to refer to the person who delivers the letter. For example, Li Shangyin's "Untitled" ": "There is not much way to get to Pengshan, so the bluebirds are eager to visit."9. Double carps. Ancient Yuefu's "Drinking Horses in the Great Wall Grottoes": "A guest comes from afar, leaving me two carps. , called the boy to cook the carp, and there is a ruler in the book." Later, "Double Carp" was used as a proxy for letters. For example, Li Shangyin's "Send to Linghu Langzhong": "Hao Yun Qin Shu has been away from home for a long time, and the two carps are so far away that they write a piece of paper."< /p>
10. Wuliu. Tao Yuanming's "The Biography of Mr. Wuliu" records: There is a Wuliu tree next to the house, so he named it Yan. Later, "Wuliu" became a nickname for the hermit. For example, if you read Wang Wei's " "Wangchuan's leisurely residence is a gift to Pei Xiucai Di", answer the question: "Wangchuan's leisurely residence is a gift to Pei Xiucai Di Wang Weihan" The mountains are turning green, and the autumn water is gurgling. Leaning outside the firewood gate, listening to the evening cicadas in the wind.
11. Dongli. Tao Yuanming's "Drinking": "Pick chrysanthemums under the east fence, and leisurely see the Nanshan Mountain." Later, "Dongli" was often used to express the pastoral life or elegant sentiments after resigning from office and retiring to seclusion. For example, Li Qingzhao's "Drunk Flower Yin": "Dongli puts the wine in the evening after dusk." , there is a faint fragrance filling the sleeves".
12. Three Paths. In Tao Yuanming's "Returning to Xi Ci", there is a sentence: "Three Paths will be deserted, but the pines and chrysanthemums will still remain." Later, "Three Paths" It is used to refer to the place where hermits live. For example, Bai Juyi's "If You Want to Divinate Your Neighbors with Yuan Ba, You Will Give It to Your Neighbors": "The bright moon is good for the three-path night, and the green poplars are good for spring for two families."
13. Lao Song. Originally refers to the song sung when seeing off guests at Laolao Pavilion. The former site of Laolao Pavilion is in Nanjing, which was a famous farewell place in ancient times. "Lao Song" later became the name of farewell song.