? On Modern Poetry Teaching
-Talking about the teaching of the exploration unit of poetry activities in the first volume of ninth grade Chinese
? On Modern Poetry Teaching
-Talking about the teaching of the exploration unit of poetry activities in the first volume of ninth grade Chinese in the textbook compiled by the Ministry.
Modern poetry is a special literary style, which not only exists in many literary works, but also enters junior middle school Chinese textbooks. In order to better guide students into the hall of modern poetry, I, a layman of modern poetry, have to approach it, understand it, study it, and try to find the code to interpret poetry.
First, talk about modern poetry.
Modern poetry, also known as "vernacular poetry", is a kind of poetry. It has won the favor of many people with its highly concentrated and jumping structure, rich imagination and rhythmic language.
Modern poetry is free in form and rich in connotation. Image management is more important than rhetoric application, which completely breaks through the characteristics of ancient poetry "gentle and sincere, mourning without complaining", and puts more emphasis on free and open, straightforward statement and communication between "feeling and invisibility"
The mainstream of modern poetry is free verse. Free verse is the product of the May 4th New Culture Movement, which adopts vernacular in form, breaking the shackles of old-style poetry, and mainly reflects new life and expresses new ideas in content.
Poetry classification
According to the form: metrical poems, free poems.
According to genre: fairy tale poems, fable poems, prose poems, verse poems, etc.
According to the forms of expression: narrative poems and lyric poems.
According to the length: micro-poems, short poems, short poems and long poems.
Second, the status quo of poetry teaching
For modern poetry teaching, for me, it is a dead corner and a blind spot. I don't think it's just me, and the current Chinese circle is not optimistic.
In Chinese teaching practice, due to the influence of the baton of senior high school entrance examination, modern poetry teaching is often hidden in the snow, and the utilitarian tendency of Chinese teaching is very obvious, and modern poetry teaching gradually deviates from "poetry". In the usual teaching process, teachers are more formalistic about modern poetry teaching, with outdated teaching concepts, superficial interpretation of teaching materials and arbitrary teaching design.
I often hear some teachers say in the usual chat: "Now we don't take modern poetry in the senior high school entrance examination, just mention it casually in class, or even it doesn't matter." Indeed, modern poetry is rarely tested by reading. In recent years, modern poetry can't even pass recitation and dictation, and naturally it has become a forgotten corner in teaching. However, the first unit of the first two volumes of the ninth grade Chinese textbook published by People's Education Press is the unit of modern Chinese and foreign poetry. So every time we go to such a "chicken rib unit", our teacher will whip up and solve each text in a few words. The author even saw a teacher complete the teaching task of the whole unit in one class with lightning speed, which is incredible. In short: in today's junior high school Chinese classroom, poetry teaching is more about pursuing practicality than inner happiness!
Mr. Zhu Guangqian said that "poetry is more rigorous, purer and more subtle than other kinds of literature, and all pure literature has the characteristics of poetry". Modern poetry has touched the hearts of many readers with its highly concise language, elegant and fresh artistic conception, distinctive rhythm and full emotion. But why does it become a "road without choice" in Chinese teaching? The reason is that teachers lack sufficient knowledge, students lack interest in learning, the teaching process is a mere formality, the teaching concept is outdated, the interpretation of teaching materials is superficial, and the teaching design is arbitrary.
Thirdly, the arrangement of modern poetry in textbooks compiled by the Ministry of Education.
In the Chinese textbooks of Grade 7 and Grade 8, students have learned, understood and recognized modern poetry to a certain extent. For example, the market in the sky was selected as the first textbook in grade seven, and a patriotic poem Ode to the Yellow River and two foreign poems If Life Deceived You and No Choice Road were selected as the second textbook in grade eight, and Back to Yan 'an was selected.
However, in the teaching process of grade seven and grade eight, most teachers are insisting on the practice of two-line parallel and diluting the style. The teaching of these poems is also based on the humanistic theme of the whole unit, which cultivates some "point" ability, but does not improve the ability to form "face". For example, the preview of "The Market in the Sky" said: "No matter how fantastic the imagination is, as long as it is suitable for expressing specific feelings, it is acceptable in the poem. Read this poem aloud and roam the world depicted in it through the poet's imagination. " Exercise after class "1. Read and recite this poem, and describe the imaginary world in the poem in your own words; "Second, with imagination, we can recreate time and space and express our desire to be close. In the market in the sky, the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl live a free life, which is different from the tragic ending in myths and legends. How does this imagination express the poet's thoughts and feelings? "We can find that from the preview before class to the practice after class, it is obvious that the textbook does not teach poetry as a style, but puts it in the unit of seven fairy tales, focusing on cultivating students' association and imagination.
The fourth and ninth section "activity inquiry" poetry unit teaching strategy
Look again, the first volume of the ninth grade Chinese textbook is compiled by the Ministry, and the contents and genres of literary works selected by various units tend to be unified, thus cultivating students' initial appreciation ability of literary works.
The first unit of the first volume of the ninth grade is a pure poetry unit, so at the beginning of the teaching of the first unit, teachers should give students some systematic explanations and guidance on the stylistic knowledge of modern poetry, demonstrate the methods and skills of appreciating poetry for students, give students a comprehensive knowledge system of modern poetry, and lay the foundation for students to successfully complete the tasks of independent appreciation and independent reading in the poetry unit.
The first unit of the first volume of the ninth grade Chinese textbook still continues the double-line group model of the textbook compiled by the Ministry. Its humanistic spirit theme is the sound of nature, and the theme of Chinese literacy is to understand and master the style of poetry. The first unit is the "activity inquiry" unit, which is a new unit style in the textbook compiled by the Ministry. It breaks the original unit system of reading and writing, subverts the only text teaching in previous textbooks, takes tasks as the main line, integrates reading, writing, oral communication, data collection, activity planning and other projects into one, and forms a brand-new practical course. Students should be guided to complete activities such as integration of listening and speaking, interaction between reading and writing, knowledge cohesion in and out of class, and reading in groups. The purpose is to learn the comprehensiveness of language and writing, and finally make students understand the connotation of poetry culture and the application law of modern poetry, thus cultivating students' comprehensive application ability of Chinese.
The first page of the textbook defines the "list of activities and tasks" of this unit, and defines the specific tasks and strategies.
Many teachers are at a loss about the teaching of this "activity inquiry" unit and don't know how to carry it out. In fact, as long as the teacher studies the textbook carefully, you will find that the textbook has clear and hierarchical learning guidance for the first unit.
Task 1: Reading Strategies of Independent Appreciation
In the first task list, five reading strategies are given. These five reading strategies are the steps to learn these five poems.
Reading strategies "1. Read each poem independently first, don't refer to any materials, and write down your feelings at first reading. "This strategy tells us that students should read five poems freely first, instead of teaching individual poems as before and cherishing students' reading experience, instead of teachers replacing students' reading experience with their own explanations, without worrying that students don't understand. As Mr. Liang Qichao said, "I don't care what he said in these poems, but I think they are beautiful and give me a fresh pleasure to read."
Reading Strategies II. Read the poem again with comments, comments or given materials to see if you have more understanding and deeper feelings. This second reading strategy is to guide students to learn to use the materials given in the textbook to further understand the connotation of poetry.
Reading strategy "3. Recite it over and over again to see if you can answer the following questions: What do you think is the emotional tone of these poems? What words or forms are used to express the emotional tone of poetry? . What images are there in these poems? What are their characteristics? What kind of picture or artistic conception did the poet describe through these images? . What thoughts and feelings do these poems express respectively? When you recite, what means (such as tone, intonation, speaking speed, stress, pause) will you use to convey the emotion of the poem? "This reading strategy is to guide students, driven by questions, to interpret poetry independently, to deeply understand the connotation of poetry and to appreciate the author's feelings. This is closely related to the first two reading strategies, and gradually deepens, allowing students to step into the "deep lotus" step by step and experience the surprises that are constantly being discovered.
Reading strategy "4. If all the above questions can be answered, it means that your autonomous learning is very rewarding; If there are still some problems that can't be solved, it doesn't matter. Please discuss with other students in the group or communicate with the teacher. "This reading strategy is to enable students to carry out effective cooperative learning on the basis of independent appreciation, and to solve their unsolved problems through cooperation and communication with classmates. This is what the Chinese Curriculum Standard says: "Actively advocate independent, cooperative and inquiry learning methods."
Reading strategies. On the basis of completing the above tasks, choose a poem you like and write an appreciation article to share with your classmates. This requires students to naturally reach the level of appreciation when the first four steps are completed.
Task 2, the activity strategy of free reading
The second task list is "free reading", which is still structured. As long as you follow the textbook in turn, the requirements of task list 2 can be completed.
Task 3: Try to make a practical strategy.
The third task list is based on the completion of the first two units. At this time, students naturally have the impulse to write poems. The three alternative topics are also gradually deepening. The first topic is grasping the hand, and continue to write on the basis of the original poem. The second writing exercise topic is very close to students' life. Every student has this experience, so these birthday greetings should be easy to complete. The third writing exercise topic is parody. Under the guidance of students and teachers, many students have written exquisite parody poems.
Here, five poems in this unit become the text of the task. Then, the design and arrangement of the whole unit teaching activities, the selection of teaching content and the setting of each class link should be based on the description of the "activity task list".
Moreover, in the introduction of the famous "Selected Poems of Ai Qing", the specific methods of reading poems are given. Before students appreciate poetry independently, it is helpful to guide students to see how to read poetry.
Under the guidance of poetry reading methods, we should pay attention to five problems in appreciating poetry: first, pay attention to the forms of expression of poetry; Second; Taste the language of poetry; Third, grasp the image of poetry; Fourth, appreciate the emotion of poetry; Fifth, experience the rational beauty of poetry.
In this way, students will be targeted and organized when they appreciate poetry.
Judging from the arrangement of teaching materials in this unit, the arrangement of teaching materials is hierarchical and orderly. Chinese teaching can be said to be successful by using teaching materials well.
Fifth, the teaching design of poetry.
As the old saying goes, "three points in poetry and seven points in reading are not very good." "If you read a book a hundred times, you will understand its meaning." . Mr. Su Shi also said: "So, you can never get tired of reading, you should be familiar with it and think deeply." It can be seen that reading more books is the only way to understand poetry. So, how to design poetry teaching based on reading?
First look at the teaching design of two famous teachers:
Poetry teaching design I:
Knock on the door of poetry and read poetry;
Walk into the palace of poetry and taste poetry;
Visit a poetry paradise and learn to write poetry.
Modern poetry teaching design II;
The first link: reading poetry for the first time, reading poetry on paper.
The second link:? Reading poetry? Read the poem in the poet's heart
The third link:? Read poetry carefully. Read the poem in your heart.
The fourth link:? Imitation poem
The teaching design of the two famous teachers, without exception, embodies the focus of poetry teaching-reading.
How to read, how to read more efficiently?
First, we should cherish students' first reading experience and not interfere too much.
Second, let students pay attention to the images selected in poetry, and take "images" as the starting point to deeply understand the author's feelings.
For example, in Yu Guangzhong's Homesickness, four images of "stamp", "boat ticket", "grave" and "strait" are carefully selected to express the homesickness of different ages and periods, which is rich in meaning and beautiful to read.
Third, let the students read the poems in their hearts. Through the poet's feelings, expansion and migration, contact with the reality of life, find out his own emotional experience, feel the beauty of poetry, and create his own poetic life.
Modern poetry teaching "has a long way to go", but "the road is long, and I will go up and down."
In middle school Chinese teaching, modern poetry teaching is by no means a simple cultural transmission, but lies in "awakening" students' emotions, enriching a poem, reciting it attentively in the process of infection and edification, reappearing the artistic conception, awakening poetic language, awakening the romance of teaching, literature and heart, and letting students' hearts fly in the poetic classroom.