Du Fu
Wanli Qutang (1 month), six songs in spring (2).
There is always a dark room open, so it is full of blue sky.
Calm, excited and tearful.
There are blackbirds flying in the south, and they have been in the river for a long time.
Note ① Qutang Gorge: Qutang Gorge is located in Fengjie-Wushan section of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, where Du Fu once lived after the Anshi Rebellion.
② First quarter moon: the first quarter moon, the bow moon in July and August of the lunar calendar.
3 reasons: frequent, frequent.
(1) What kind of feelings does the author express mainly by chanting the moon?
⑵ Choose two words from "Wan Li", "Shi Shi" and "Yejiu" and analyze their functions of expressing emotions respectively. (4 points)
Reference answer (1) The whole poem evokes feelings with the bright moon, and the same bright moon entrusts the yearning for each other between the two places. The lingering feeling of missing and the loneliness of the moonlit night interweave and blend, forming a sad and deep lonely atmosphere, expressing the poet's anxiety about the current political turmoil and the difficult state affairs and his yearning for his relatives in his hometown. By describing a cold and quiet moonlight on a spring night, the author expresses his sad feelings of being displaced and living in turmoil because of the national disaster.
(2) The word "Wan Li" highlights the vastness of space, shows the vast world shrouded in the faint moonlight, and embodies the poet's individual smallness and loneliness.
② The word "long night" emphasizes the long time, describes the scene that the black magpie can only temporarily perch on the river after a long flight in the middle of the night, and implicitly shows the poet's difficult situation of running around for a long time and being exhausted physically and mentally.
The word "total" is written in overlapping words, and the moonlight shines into the darkroom from time to time, which is opposite to the old saying in the next sentence, making the language expression more rhythmic.
This topic mainly examines the images and emotions of poetry. Read the full text first, combine the background, and start from the images described in the poem.
Analyze the first question to examine the relationship between poetic scene and emotion. "Moon" is the main image of this poem. Grasp the characteristics of the moon described by the author, and then combine the poet's experience with the country's situation to answer. Question (2) Examine the emotion of poetry and answer with notes (1).
Connected to the voice of the college entrance examination students:
Because I have a certain preference and sensitivity to ancient poems, when I decrypt Chinese topics, I read poems first. To tell the truth, I can hardly understand this poem without reading the notes; After reading the notes, I still don't quite understand-of course, just because I don't understand doesn't mean others don't understand. In addition, when we teach students to do poetry appreciation questions, in order to enhance students' confidence in doing them, there is often a saying that "writing is difficult". Among all the topics in the Chinese college entrance examination, I am afraid that "appreciation of ancient poetry" is a topic that even teachers are not sure about. So, before the "reference answer" comes out, let me guess for a while as a "senior" senior Chinese teacher.
1. Take a look at the title of the poem: since the title of the poem is "Moon", the main content of the poem is of course to write "Moon", and the theme of the poem is of course related to "Moon". It's never too far to understand poetry in this respect.
2. Reading notes: The advantage of reading notes first is to understand the background of the author's writing and avoid wasting time by pestering things you don't understand when reading. ① Qutang Gorge: Qutang Gorge is located in Fengjie to Wushan section of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, where Du Fu once lived after the Anshi Rebellion. This address is not important. "An Shi Rebellion" is the background, and "I am trapped here" is a hint-only this hint is confusing: is "Zeng" relative to the time when Du Fu wrote poetry or to the time when he proposed marriage today? If this problem is not solved, the content of poetry will be difficult to understand. It stands to reason that "Zeng" should be changed to "at that time". ② First quarter moon: the first quarter moon, the bow moon in July and August of the lunar calendar. This comment is basically useless-but it is also useful, that is, let us guess that "six" should probably be "the sixth day", but the theme of this poem is only related to the moon, and has little to do with when the moon is. 3 reasons: frequent, frequent. This is a word explanation, for fear that students will not understand it. Fortunately, I don't understand, but I'm confused-is this about the moon at a certain night or at a certain time? It seems to be the latter-the moon in Qutangxia is often full of blue sky at night-it is difficult for students to understand the close-up with a lot of words.
3. Reading Poetry: There are four things I don't understand:
What is the meaning of "Wanli" in "Wanli Qutang Moon"? If the theme of this poem is "Thinking of Going to the Countryside in the Moon", it can be understood as "Wan Li is far from home", but it can also be understood as "Qutangxia Wan Li". Which is more suitable?
(2) "The darkroom is always open, so the sky is full" is not easy to understand. As mentioned above, is this a close-up of the night or a general description of the moon in Qutangxia? If you write extensively, how to implement the "six articles" above? If close-up, how to achieve "always" and "therefore"?
(3) The word "harmony" in "indifferent and calm, with high tears" is not easy to understand. The "dang" in the next couplet should be a verb and the pronunciation should be the first sound. According to the duality principle, "he" should also be a verb. As far as the level tone law is concerned, the word "he" should be oblique, so the word should be pronounced as "fourth tone" and should be similar to "coordination" The meaning of the whole sentence is probably: the weather is crisp and windless, the skirt is motionless, the moon is high, and the tears are facing-alas, "Normal University" still has to guess, why do students deserve it!
(4) The sentence "A blackbird flies south, but stays by the river for a long time" is barely understandable: it doesn't matter whether the "flying south" flies south or from the south, anyway, a blackbird stops by the river. But the word "night length" may not be understood accurately by students: has it stopped for a long time? Or is it late at night? Du Fu and the proposer probably mean the latter.
As mentioned above, difficult articles can be published easily, which is the common sense of proposition. However, the two questions I asked were not easy to answer.
(1) What kind of feelings does the author express mainly by chanting the moon? (3 points)
"What kind of feelings?" Apart from "An Shi Rebellion" and "being trapped here", there is no written information in the poem, that is, the so-called image can express the theme of the poem. Then we can only guess: during the war, we were displaced and trapped elsewhere, homesick for the moon. I wonder if I can do this.
⑵ Choose two words from "Wan Li", "Shi Shi" and "Yejiu" and analyze their functions of expressing emotions respectively. (4 points)
This is difficult again. There are many ambiguities in the analysis just now. How can you ask students to explain clearly, not to mention their "function"? People are really hard! Let me guess again: "Wan Li"-the remoteness or vastness of space is used to show the remoteness of leaving home and the depth of missing. "From time to time"-arouse the author's homesickness with the frequent appearance of the moon. The Night is Long —— A black magpie stays in the middle of the night for a long time and refuses to leave, which means that the author can't sleep at night, watching the birds at the moon and adding homesickness.