2. Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan, also known as "Liu Han", were advocates of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty.
3. Father and son poets: Su Xun (Lao Su), Su Shi (Da Su) and Su Zhe (Xiao Su).
4. Bold poets: Su Shi and Xin Qiji, also known as "Su Xin"; Graceful poetess: Li Qingzhao (poetess)
5. Du Li: Li Bai and Du Fu. Xiao: Li Shangyin and Du Mu.
6. Qu Yuan: the earliest great poet in China. He initiated the new poetic style of "Chu Ci" and the romantic style of China's poetry.
7. Confucius, named Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period. He is the founder of Confucianism, known as "Confucius Sage" and Mencius as "Yasheng", both of whom are called "Confucius and Mencius".
8. Su Shi praised Wang Wei for "painting in poetry and poetry in painting."
9. Du Fu was a great realistic poet in Tang Dynasty. His poems reflect the social reality extensively and profoundly, and are called "the history of poetry", so Du Fu is honored as a "poet saint". There are three famous officials: Tongguan officials, Shi Hao officials and Xin 'an officials. "Three Farewells": wedding farewell, farewell to the old and welcome the new, and homelessness.
10. China's first biographical general history is Historical Records (also known as Taishi Gongshu), written by Sima Qian of the Han Dynasty. Lu Xun called Historical Records "the swan song of historians", including: 12 biographies, 30, 70 and 650.
1 1, Four Histories: Historical Records, Han History, Later Han History, History of the Three Kingdoms.
12, four masters of the Yuan Dynasty: Guan Hanqing, Zheng Guangzu, Bai Pu and Ma Zhiyuan.
13, Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio is the first excellent collection of short stories in classical Chinese in China, written by Pu Songling, a famous novelist in Qing Dynasty. "Liaozhai" is the name of his library, "Zhi" is a narrative, and "Alien" is a strange thing.
14. Four great calligraphers: Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan, Ou Yangxun and Zhao Meng (f incarnation).
15, the main schools and their representatives in the Warring States Period:
Confucianism: Confucius and Mencius
Legalist: Han Feizi
Taoism: Zhuangzi and Liezi.
Mohist school: Mozi
16, four masters in the Southern Song Dynasty: Lu You, Yang Wanli, Fan Chengda and You Mao.
17, frontier poets: Gao Shi, Cen Can, Wang Changling.
18, Tang Zong: Taizong Li Shimin Song Zu: Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin Qin Huang: Qin Shihuang Ying Zheng Hanwu: Han Wudi Liu Che.
19. The first pastoral poet in China was Tao Yuanming (Tao Qian) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He "does not bow down for five buckets of rice."
20. Four misers in world literature: Grandet, Shylock, Overflow Higgins and Abalone.
2 1, a typical miser in China: Yan Jiansheng.
Third, the most China literature:
The earliest collection of poems was The Book of Songs.
The earliest patriotic poet was Qu Yuan;
The earliest pastoral poet was Tao Yuanming of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
The earliest and most outstanding frontier poets were Gao Shi and Cen Can in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
The most outstanding uninhibited poet in ancient times was Su Shi in the Northern Song Dynasty.
The most outstanding poetess in ancient times was Li Qingzhao in the Southern Song Dynasty.
The most famous patriotic poet in ancient times was Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty.
The greatest romantic poet in ancient times was Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty.
The greatest realistic poet in ancient times was Du Fu in Tang Dynasty.
The patriotic poet who wrote the most poems in ancient times was Lu You in the Southern Song Dynasty.
The most famous novel in ancient times was The Journey to the West in Wu Cheng'en in the Ming Dynasty.
The most famous historical novel in ancient times is The Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong in the early Ming Dynasty.
The earliest novel of peasant uprising in ancient times was Shi Naian's Water Margin at the end of Yuan and the beginning of Ming Dynasty.
The greatest realistic novel in ancient times was A Dream of Red Mansions by Cao Xueqin in Qing Dynasty.
The most outstanding satirical novel in ancient times is Wu's Scholars in Qing Dynasty.
The most outstanding collection of classical short stories in ancient China is Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio in Qing Dynasty.
The earliest recorded prose in ancient times was The Analects of Confucius.
The earliest chronicle work in ancient times was Zuo Zhuan.
The earliest biographical history in ancient times was Historical Records.
The most outstanding inscription in ancient times was Liu Yuxi's Humble Room Inscription in Tang Dynasty.
The greatest writer in modern times is Lu Xun;
The most outstanding novel in modern times is Midnight by Mao Dun.
The most influential collection of short stories in modern times is Lu Xun's Scream.
Fourth, cultural common sense:
1. Four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty: Yang Jiong, Lu, Luo.
2. Three Kingdoms: Wei, Shu and Wu.
3. "Four classic masterpieces": Dream of Red Mansions, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin and Journey to the West.
4. "Four Legends": The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, butterfly lovers, Meng Jiangnv and the Legend of the White Snake.
5. The world's four great short story masters: Chekhov, Mo Bosang, Mark Twain and O Henry.
6. Su Shi's prose represents the highest achievement of prose in the Northern Song Dynasty, and his poetry and Huang Tingjian are called "Su Huang".
7. Ma Zhiyuan's masterpiece Tianjingsha Qiu Si is known as "the ancestor of Qiu Si".
8. Cao Xueqin wrote A Dream of Red Mansions (also known as The Story of the Stone), the greatest realistic work in China's classical novels, which was widely circulated and loved by people after its publication. The study of this book, A Dream of Red Mansions, has now become an important topic in the study of world literature.
9. Lu Xun is the founder of modern literature in China, and Chen Yi is called "Marshal Poet".
Cang Kejia is called a "local poet" because most of his poems are rural themes.
In other places, Wen Yiduo is known as the "drummer of the times" (drummer poet).
10, three friends in the cold: pine, bamboo and plum.
1 1. Four gentlemen in flowers: plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum.
12, four friends of literati: piano, chess, books and paintings.
13, Four Treasures of the Study: pen, ink, paper and inkstone.
14, Sikuquanshu: Scenery, History, Zi and Ji.
15, the six meanings in The Book of Songs refer to: style, elegance, praise (classification), fu, comparison and honor (expression).
16, Tang poetry, Song poetry, Yuanqu, Ming and Qing novels.
17, laurel, top, top, champion: first.
18, three cardinal guides and five permanent members: "three cardinal guides": the father is the child guide, the monarch is the minister guide, and the husband is the wife guide; "Five permanent members": benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith.
19, The Four Books and Five Classics are mainly Confucian classics: The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, The Doctrine of the Mean, and University; The Five Classics refer to poetry, calligraphy, ceremony, the Book of Changes and the Spring and Autumn Period.
20. Huang San: Emperor, Huangdi, Ren Huang or Fuxi, Nuwa, Shennong;
Five Emperors: Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku, Tang Yao and Yu Shun.
2 1. Hardware: gold, silver, copper, iron and tin.
22. Five flavors: sour, sweet, bitter, spicy and salty.
23. Five elements: gold, wood, water, fire and earth.
24. "Eight methods of harmony" means that the word "harmony" has eight strokes: point, horizontal, vertical, left, press, fold, hook and lift.
25. In ancient times, there were names such as Yao, Xu and imperial academy. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the highest institution of higher learning was imperial academy.
26. Three religions and nine streams: "Three religions": Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism; "Nine streams": Confucianism, Taoism, Yin and Yang, Legalists, Famous Scholars, Mohists, Strategists, Miscellaneous Scholars and Peasants.