Su Shi's experience as an official was bumpy, but he was outstanding, but he was not a group of Su Shi (1037 ~11kloc-0/). He was a scholar, and he was named Dongpo layman, and he was from Meishan, Meizhou (now Meishan, Sichuan). After six years in Jiayou (106 1), he passed the system examination and entered the official career. In the second year of Xining (1069), Zongshen appointed Wang Anshi to formally implement the political reform, but Su Shi opposed it. Because of the inconsistency with the new law, he was forced to stay away from the court and served as a judge in Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), he was accused by his political opponents of "slandering the New Deal". This is the famous Wutai poetry case, and he was later demoted to Huangzhou Yingyong's deputy envoy. After Song Shenzong's death, the old Party came to power, and Su Shi was recalled to Beijing, where he was the official residence of Sheren, Zhongshu Sheren and Hanlin Bachelor. Later, because he opposed Sima Guang and others to abolish the new law, he offended the old party and was once again excluded. He was demoted to Hangzhou, Yingzhou, Yangzhou and Dingzhou as officials. After Song Zhezong came to power, the New Party revived and was once again demoted to Huizhou (now Huiyang, Guangdong) and Danzhou (now Hainan). Zhong Jianyuan ascended the throne in (11) and moved to Changzhou when he was pardoned. He died of illness.
Looking back on Su Shi's life, he had rich experiences and had many changes between Beijing officials and local officials. No matter which official position he holds, he sticks to the truth, dares to speak, and is not afraid of losing his official position. I have been demoted to the place many times, and I don't blame others. I face it calmly, serving as an official and benefiting one party. Su Shi's bumpy experience and broad-minded attitude towards reality show the excellent quality of his works in different periods. Understanding Su Shi's personality is very important for us to deeply understand the profound implications expressed in his different works.
Su Shi's poems have rich themes and far-reaching influence. There are more than 2,700 poems by Su Shi, which are not only rich in subject matter, but also rich in content. Litchi Lake, He Zi's Self-Bitterness and Cold Visit, Visiting Jinshan Temple, Rainstorm in Youmeitang, Baibuhong, Drunk Book in Wanghulou, Drinking Chu Qingyu in the Lake, and Topic Xilin Wall are all well-known works. Su Shi's poems reflecting social reality tend to be archaic, prosaic, argumentative and knowledgeable. The language is simple, unrestrained and quite romantic. His poems praise nature, express ambitions, are exquisite and novel, and are full of feelings. Su Shi's poetry is the representative of the mature period of the Song Dynasty, which embodies the basic features of the Song Dynasty. His poems not only had a direct impact on Jiangxi poetry school, but also on the police school in Ming Dynasty and Qian, Cha and others in Qing Dynasty.
Su Shi's ci created a pronoun style, saying that Su Shi's ci was an "uninhibited school", and comprehensively innovated the Song ci from the aspects of content, style and harmony. He completely broke the traditional ideas that "Ci is a colorful theme" and "Poetry is a word". Su Shi used all the themes involved in his previous poems to write lyrics. Judging from Mr. Dongpo's existing more than 350 Su Ci poems, the content is very extensive. Hunting in Jiangchengzi Mizhou, Nanxiangzi, Niangniangjiao Chibi, Shuidiaosongtou, Busuanzi, Windward berth, Huanxisha, Jiangchengzi and other places. This all-round development of theme is of epoch-making significance to the development of ci. Because Su Shi's ci is all-inclusive in content and bold in form, it forms the diversity of his ci style, creates a vigorous and bold ci style, and opens up a broad road for the development of ci.
Su Shi's prose is flowing, covering a wide range, and various genres are well displayed. Argumentative essays occupy a prominent position in Su Shi's prose, such as Teaching War and Defending Strategy, Waiting for Hou, Jia Yi and so on. Su Shi's prose has the most narratives and the highest achievements. Shi Zhongshan Ji, Fu on the Red Wall, Night Tour in Chengtian Temple, Wen Zhu, Painting Bamboo in the Valley, Biography of Fangshan Zi, Temple Monument in Chaozhou Chinese, Answering Qin Taixu, Thanks to Folk Teachers and Riyu are all excellent works. Su Shi's articles are bold and unconstrained, shaped with things, varied in posture, natural and bright, and patchwork, which forms Wang Yang's unique style. Su Shi expanded the practical scope of ancient prose, enriched and developed the expressive techniques of ancient prose, greatly promoted the artistry, practicality and popularity of ancient prose, and made outstanding contributions to the development of prose at that time and later generations.
Before Su Shi's calligraphy became popular, it shone brilliantly. Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang are also called "Four Great Calligraphers in Song Dynasty". Su Shi's calligraphy is full of ink and color, with even words, horizontal and vertical, stretched strokes, scattered light and heavy, wide volume, charming and naive. In particular, his masterpiece Huangzhou Cold Food Post, one of the three major calligraphy posts, was praised by later generations as "the third running script in the world" and is now in the Palace Museum in Beijing.
Huangzhou Cold Food Sticker is a poem to send happiness, and it is a life sigh caused by Su Shi's relegation to Huangzhou in the third year of the Cold Food Festival. The poem is desolate and affectionate, expressing Su Shi's melancholy and lonely mood at this time. The calligraphy of this poem is produced in this mood and situation. The whole calligraphy is full of ups and downs, radiant and unrestrained, and there is no shortage of pens. Huang Tingjian wrote an inscription after this poem: "This book was written by Yan, Yang and Li Xitai. If you want to restore Dongpo, it may not be the case."
Su Shi's paintings are ingenious and free and easy. Due to the ups and downs of official career and the vagaries of life, and the influence of Confucianism and Zhuangzi Thought, Su Shi has formed a character of caring for the people and hurting the world, being broad-minded and bold. Su Shi's free thinking and free and unrestrained style in his paintings are closely related to his ups and downs in life.
There are only three famous paintings in Mr Dongpo's paintings, all of which are priceless. One is a picture of rain and bamboo, with Su Shi's own inscription: "Yuanfeng was three years old (AD 1080), and Lunatone was a secret school." Such as 15 famous historical figures. At present, this painting has the least information available, and it is now collected in the National Palace Museum in Taipei. One is "Xiaoxiang Bamboo Stone Map", which was made by Qin Wu, a painter in the Ming Dynasty, and Su Shi specially presented it to Sun Shenlao. This painting contains more than 3,000 words of 26 famous artists in Ming Dynasty, including Yang Yuanxiang, Ye Kun and Qian Fu. The long scroll composition of this painting is ingenious and has a strong sense of hierarchy, which makes people read thousands of miles in the "narrow box" and becomes a classic of China literati's spiritual feelings together with the bamboo and stone painting. Now in China Art Museum; One is Dead Trees and Strange Stones, in which several young bamboos, a strange stone and a dead tree are twisted and folded, reflecting Su Shi's discontented spirit. This painting was sold by Christie's auction house in Hong Kong for HK$ 463.6 million in 20 18 10, and became the only private collection of Su Shi's three paintings.
To sum up, we can draw a conclusion that Su Shi is the first writer in China who has made great achievements in life, poetry, lyrics, writing and painting. You may say that there were other versatile writers in ancient China, but their outstanding achievements were often limited to one or two styles, such as Sima Qian, Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan and Ouyang Xiu. And the achievements of Wen are more prominent; Tao Yuanming, Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Lu You and Xin Qiji. The achievements of poetry are more striking. Su Shi is a literary leader in the Northern Song Dynasty after Ouyang Xiu and a writer who led the poetry innovation movement to victory. His outstanding achievements in poetry, poetry, prose, calligraphy, painting and other literary fields have had a great and far-reaching impact on the development of China literature and art.