"Jin Xue Jie"
Han Yu
Mr. Guozi entered Taixue in the morning and recruited students to set up a teaching hall. Diligence is due to play; success is due to thinking, and failure is due to follow-up. Nowadays, when sages and sages meet, the evil spirits are eradicated, and those who take advantage of small virtues will be recorded. Climb and pick, scrape and polish. I am lucky enough to be selected. There are many misfortunes in my life, but I can't do it well, and I can't do it because I don't know it."?< /p>
Before he finished speaking, some people laughed and said: "Sir, you are bullying me! I have been with you for a long time now. You have been reciting the Six Arts in your mouth, and you have been covering hundreds of schools with your hands." The chronicler must mention the essentials, and the compiler must mention the mystery. He is greedy for more, and does not donate anything small or large. He suppressed heretics and denounced Buddhas and elders; he repaired the leaks and opened up the emperor's eyes; he searched for the vastness of the falling thread, and searched far away; he blocked hundreds of rivers and headed east, and returned to the raging tide. It can be said that he worked hard for Confucianism. . Immersed in brewing, full of eloquence and splendor. As an article, the book is full of books, such as Yao Si, Hun Hun Wuya, Zhou Gao, Yin Pan, Qu Yaya, Chun Qiu, Zuo Shi. 》Exaggerated, "Yi" is strange but methodical, "Shi" is upright but wonderful; "Zhuang" and "Sao" are recorded by Taishi, Ziyun and Xiangru have the same purpose but different tunes, and they can be said to be Hong among them. But it's all about the outside. He has learned a lot since he was young, and he has the courage to act; , he often got into trouble. He was a censor for a while, and he went to Nanyi for three years. However, he was defeated by his fate. The winter was warm and his son was cold, and his wife was hungry and his teeth were broken. What's the use of dying?"?
Translation:
Mr. Guozi came to Taixue early in the morning, summoned the students, and stood in front of the lecture hall. Next, he taught them: "Study can be mastered by hard work, but it will be wasted if you are playful; virtue can be formed by thinking, and it will be destroyed if you follow the crowd. In today's court, the wise monarch and the virtuous ministers meet together, and the rules and regulations Systems have been established to eradicate evil and promote good people. People with slight merits will be hired, and people who are famous for a certain skill will not be abandoned. Talents will be carefully searched for, their shortcomings will be corrected, and their shortcomings will be promoted. Their merits are those who are lucky enough to be selected because they are not talented enough. How can there be people who are good at learning but are not caught? Students, don't worry about the people who select talents. They are only afraid of your academic performance. You can't be superb; don't worry that they can't be fair, I'm just afraid that your virtues will achieve nothing!"?
Before he finished speaking, someone in the queue said with a smile: "Sir, are you lying to us? . The student has been following the teacher for several years. The teacher has never stopped reciting the Six Classics in his mouth, and he has never stopped reading the books of the philosophers. The chronicler must provide the main content and establish the argument. Be sure to outline its mysteries. Be greedy for more and strive to gain something. No matter whether it is insignificant or significant, you will light the oil lamp and stay there tirelessly all year round. Research. It can be said that Mr. is diligent enough in his studies. Resist and eliminate those heresies, expel the doctrines that reject Buddhism and Taoism, supplement and improve the flaws and shortcomings of Confucian theory, elucidate its profound and hidden meanings, delve into those ancient Confucian theories that have been lost for a long time, and especially extensively explore and inherit them. Stopping heresy is like stopping a flood and draining it to the East China Sea, restoring the righteousness that will be overwhelmed by the waves. It can be said that Mr. Xi made a great contribution to Confucianism. Immersed in the classics like mellow wine, chewing and savoring their essence, writing articles, the room is full. The above-mentioned method is based on the books of Yu and Xia, how vast and boundless it is, and how Zhou Gaowen and Yin Panming are twists and turns. "Spring and Autumn" is so cautious, and "Zuo Zhuan" is so extravagant. The "Book of Changes" is strange and regular, while the "Book of Songs" is pure and gorgeous. Next, there are "Zhuangzi", "Li Sao", Tai Shigong's "Historical Records", as well as the writings of Yang Xiong and Sima Xiangru. Although they are different, they are all the same in terms of beauty and energy. Regarding articles, it can be said that Mr. Wang has profound and profound attainments and his writing is magnificent. When he was young, he was eager to learn and daring to do things. When he grew up, he understood etiquette and behaved appropriately. It can be said that Mr. is very mature as a person. However, you are not trusted in official circles, and no one will help you personally. You are just like a wolf. If you move forward, your jaw will be stepped on, if you move back, your tail will be caught. Every move you make will cause you to make mistakes. After working as a censor for a period of time, he was demoted to the border and far south. I have been a doctor for three years, but I am lazy and have not shown any political achievements. It's like your luck has a grudge against you, and sooner or later it will all come crashing down. When the weather is warm in winter, your children still complain about being cold; when you are rich in years, your wife still complains about being hungry. Your hair is gone and your teeth are missing. Even if you are dead, what will it do to you? You don't think about this, but you still come to teach others. Why is this? ”
Appreciation of "Jin Xue Jie": Han Yu's "Jin Xue Jie" was written in the eighth year of Emperor Xianzong's reign in the Tang Dynasty. Han Yu was forty-six years old and served as a doctor of Guozixue in Chang'an, teaching students. The full text is based on the advice of Mr. Students and students ask questions, and the teacher answers them, hence the name "Jin Xue Jie"; in fact, it is a work of lamenting the misfortune and expressing one's own anger.
The article is divided into three paragraphs.
The first paragraph is Mr. Kunzi’s words of encouragement to students. It basically means that the present Holy Lord and his virtuous ministers are working hard to govern and pay attention to selecting and cultivating talents. Therefore, as long as all students work hard in the two aspects of "career" and "practice", they will not have to worry about not being hired, and there will be no need to worry about the unfairness of the hiring department. The teachings about "karma" and "action" in "Jinxuejie" are not general words, but are indeed the fundamental principles of life that Han Yu adheres to.
The second paragraph is where students question the above teachings. It basically means that the husband's "karma" and "action" are very successful, but if he encounters setbacks in life, what's the use of his successful karma? First, I would like to say that Mr. Wang is very diligent in his studies. All the scholars of the Six Classics have read and studied the Six Classics thoroughly. When writing narratives, they must memorize their outlines, and when writing essays, they must study their profound meanings, working day and night. Secondly, I will talk about Mr. criticizing Buddhism and Laoism, trying to turn the tide and achieve great success. He owes his contribution to Confucianism and Taoism. Furthermore, he has gained the expertise of various writing schools in the pre-Qin and Western Han dynasties, and has become very good at writing ancient prose. Finally, he has the courage to act, knows how to govern, and is very successful in dealing with people. What Shengtu said here is actually Han Yu's self-evaluation. This long paragraph of Shengtu's words is actually Han Yu's "crying out of injustice" to spit out the lump in his chest.
The third paragraph is the teacher’s answer to the student. First, we use craftsmen and doctors as metaphors to illustrate that the "prime minister's method" lies in employing people who are all-embracing and employing people according to their talents. Secondly, he said that Meng Ke and Xun Kuang were disciples of saints and had not yet met in the world; so he was left idle and had nothing to complain about. Finally, if you still don't know where to stop and don't know your own capabilities, isn't it the same as asking the prime minister to use small materials to make a big use? This is obviously not what Han Yu said from the bottom of his heart. It is actually an irony to vent his anger.
"Jinxuejie" expresses the depression of upright, talented and ambitious intellectuals in the feudal era and criticizes unreasonable social phenomena. It has typical significance and is therefore constantly recited.
"Jinxuejie" expresses the feeling of being unlucky in the form of questions and answers. Although the structure of the full text is simple, its inner momentum and interest are varied and durable. In addition, the text system of this article follows "Jie Moo", adopting a rhyming style, and making extensive use of neatly aligned sentence patterns, making it sonorous and catchy when read, which also adds to its artistic charm.