Of course, there were dialects in ancient times. There was also Mandarin in ancient times, which is the lingua franca equivalent to Mandarin now. It is a language that officials must learn in order to facilitate administrative communication, so it is called Putonghua. If ordinary people have a wide range of activities, they should also use Mandarin to facilitate communication.
Of course, we don't understand Mandarin. As far as written language is concerned, the classical Chinese you speak is a unified written language in ancient times and used by ancient literati. What you may say is that many folk people can't read and write, and literate people record according to their spoken meaning.
Let me remind you that ancient historians do not collect history by the people, but only select materials from ancient books. The people you mentioned who are engaged in collecting folk languages may be poetry officials, that is, officials sent by the rulers to collect folk poems. The Book of Songs was written by these poets, and it was basically written in folk natural language, but the possibility of literary processing was not ruled out. In short, to put it simply, written Mandarin is classical Chinese.
In ancient times, there were also works written without Mandarin, such as Biography of Flowers on the Sea written in Wu language.
2. Zhihu also said that the use of modal particles in ancient Chinese is also awkward: 1, an auxiliary word, indicating belonging and subordination: the heart of a child. 2. auxiliary words, indicating modification: slow down ~ plan; Uninvited ~ guests; Don't go against it. 3. Used between the subject-predicate structure, making it a sentence component: "Avenue ~ line also, the world is public". 4. Pronouns, not people or things: places ~ degrees away; Take it for granted .5. Pronouns, this and that: "~ Erchong, how do you know". 6. useless, meaningless: for a long time ~.7. Walking, thinking: "I want to go to the South China Sea". Almost: (1) Yes. Oracle Bone Inscriptions, the symbol on it. Summon. For example, is the number "modal particle" (1) a sign of doubt or questioning one's knowledge? -Su Shi's "Shi Zhongshan Ji" is unfaithful to others? Don't believe in making friends? Can you pass it on? -The Analects of Confucius is near. -Liezi Tang Wen is far away, but it is very cold. You are not only a wise tiger, but also dirty. -The biography of the women in the later Han Dynasty is not only exquisite. (2) It is equivalent to studying from time to time, not to mention! -The Analects of Confucius. -Liezi Tang Wen is a stranger to books. -Qing Yuanmei "Huang Sheng Borrows Books" How difficult is it in the world? -Peng Qing's "Duanshu" How difficult is it to learn "a beautiful nephew for learning"? (3) It is also a virtue to express an exclamation tone or call for moderation. Twenty years after the Analects of Confucius, Wuqi was a swamp! -"Zuo Zhuan" long pass back! Do not eat fish. -"Historical Records Biography of Ping Yuanjun Jade Qing" is a saint, a saint! What is the use of evil? History books record many things. Tang Zongyuan's On Snake Catchers is rich in content. Qing Yuan's poem "Sacrificing Sister" is full of people. (4) The imperative or imperative mood is equivalent to "ah" and "ah". Sin is insignificant! -"Zuo Zhuan" (5) shows that the tone of speculation is the death of Song Qi? Fortunately, it was defeated later. -Zuo zhuan is willing to see it. -"The Story of the Three Kingdoms and Zhuge Liang" is neither bitter nor poor. -Ming Xian Cui's "Three Stories of Zhong Wang Canglang" can be exempted. -Qing Xu Ke's "Clearing Money for War" (6) shows a breath of people. It's good. My way is consistent. -The Analects of Confucius (7) expresses the tone of discussion, convincing people with reason and losing their feathers; Take people by words and miss them. -"Everything is done" (8) expresses a positive tone. As the saying goes, "courtesy is thin and loyalty is thin, and chaos is the first." -"Han Feizi" (9) is used in sentences to indicate a pause, ease the tone and attract attention. For example, after everyone agrees, they will start working; Nothing more than two points, one is fighting spirit, and the other is courage (1); Now, introduce the time when actions and behaviors occur. I am poor at this time! -Qu Yuan's Li Sao died today. -Tang Zongyuan's Snake Catcher (2); From the introduction of the time when actions and behaviors occurred, why did the Spring and Autumn Period begin to be hidden? -"Ram, fourteen years of mourning" (3); In [in], introduce the place where actions and behaviors take place. Chu lives in Chu, grows in Chu and speaks in Chu. -"Lu Lanyong Zhong" Volume 4; From [from], where behaviors and actions take place, they are clamoring for something. -Tang Zongyuan's "The Snake Catcher" suddenly went south and north. The first rate is among the guests, but above the minister. -"Warring States Policy" (5) in; Because; Due to; The reason for introducing actions and behaviors is not influenced by people's bad reputation. -Xunzide is in the name, and knowledge is out of contention. -Zhuangzi (6) lies in; According to; According to, introduce the principle of action and behavior, that is, wealth and splendor; Ordinary and humble, poor and humble. -The Book of Rites (7) Right. I doubt that the object produced by the introduction action is true. -The suffix (1) of Liu Tang Zongyuan's Snake Catcher can be used singly or in combination after monosyllabic or overlapping adjectives. For example, many new things can be seen everywhere; Warm in my heart; His chubby (2) is used after verbs or adverbs to form new verbs or adverbs. Almost everyone praised him. (3) After adjectives, you can't translate them yourself. -Song Dunyi's "Love Lotus" is almost a dry city. -Ming Liuji's "The Word of the Orange Man" is as high as a temple instrument. This is awesome, grand and iconic. This sentence "Hu" and "Ye" are common phenomena of intertextuality. -Huang Xianfan's Interpretation of Ancient Books. The auxiliary word is 1. Used after adjectives, verbs, adjective phrases and verb phrases to indicate people or things with this nature or doing this kind of action. Examples: strong ~, old ~, reading ~2. It is used in this and that kind of work. A person who does a certain job or believes in a certain doctrine. Examples: literary works ~, * * * productism ~3. (written language) used after numerals or locative words to refer to the above things. Ex.: The first and second ~ must be one of them. (written language) used after words, phrases and clauses. It is used at the end of the sentence to express hope. Also; Similarly; I am happy and you are happy; You can also; It is also (2) overlapping, emphasizing the juxtaposition or equivalence of two things [aswelas]. For example, she can play basketball and tennis. (3) means surrender or concession [even]. For example, even if she fails ten times, she will not be discouraged. (4) Euphemism. For example, I have to do this. (5) Emphasize [even]. For example, it also means. Should also); Even working for the elderly (6) means choosing, or [or] how old were you when you saw my door? Or black, thin, white and fat? -Water Margin (7) Another example: Also (or) Help (1) is used at the end of the sentence to express the tone of judgment or affirmation, which is equivalent to the years when "ah" and "ah" were young. -Qing Yuanmei's On Huang Sheng Borrowing Books has a glimpse of a white chief ...
3. How to write a humorous dialogue in the ancient Chinese poem "The Roe and the Deer"?
One day, an old man pointed to a roe and asked a child, "Who is roe?" Who is the deer? "
The child hasn't seen roe and deer for a long time, saying, "Roe is a deer, and deer is a roe."
This old man is very strange.
People with tails will be beheaded.
The dragon king gave an order in the shade of the river, saying, "Whoever has a tail will be beheaded in the future."
One day, a deer was drinking water beside it. When he heard the sound of crying, he looked down and saw a toad crying in the bushes.
Ask him: "You have no tail, why are you crying?"
Toad said, "I have no tail, but tadpoles have tails."
When Confucius traveled eastward, he saw two children arguing and asked them why.
A child said, "I think the sun is close to the sky at sunrise and far from the sky at noon." . "
A son: "My day is far away, and the time between China and Japan is near."
A child said, "When the sun just came out, the hood of the car was as big as noon and the plate was as small as usual. Is this the reason why it is not far from the big one?" ? "
A Confucius said, "It's cool to get out of the sky at the beginning of the day, and it's like exploring soup in Japan and China. Isn't this near hot and far cold? "
Hearing this, Confucius could not judge who was right or wrong.
The two children smiled and said, "Who is smarter than you?"
put on file
4. How to say "help" in classical Chinese or ancient times? In classical Chinese or ancient times, such as The Analects of Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius said, "If you don't help me, you will say everything." Confucius said, "Yan Hui is not a helpful person. He doesn't fully believe what I said. " )
help
Pinyin: zhù,: ㄓㄨˋ, radical: Li system, external strokes: 5 paintings, total strokes: 7 paintings, five strokes 86:EGLN.
98:,: BMKS, Zheng code:, four corners: 74 127, structure: left and right, code: 0504.
Location: 5490, unified code: 52A9, stroke order: ボフノ.
Explanation:
1, help coordination, auxiliary: auxiliary. Help! Assistant. Help others. Help others and abuse others. Pull out the seedlings to encourage growth (zh m 4 ng). I can not help you with anything.
2. According to legend, it is the tax system of the Yin Dynasty.
Extended data
Chinese character strokes:
Related words:
1, [Xu ā nzhe]
Promote help.
2. Freemasonry
Give a big hand.
3, help edge [zh bi ā n]
It means donating property to finance border defense expenses.
Step 4 give help
Give money, goods, clothes, etc. Help with the funeral.
5. Ask for help [ji ā zh]
Auxiliary.
5. How to do a Chinese reading problem with ancient Chinese and materials? Let's look at the article first.
Then look at the problem. Read this article with questions.
Then most of the problems are found in the article. therefore ...
Then answer the question carefully. It doesn't matter.
The function of a sentence in the commonly used formula (1) is 1, and the beginning of the text is the opening point; Render the atmosphere (prose), pave the way (narrative), and set suspense (novel, but not tested in Shanghai) as the auxiliary paving way for the following; Below the general collar; 2. In the text: connecting the preceding with the following; Below the general collar; Summarize the above; 3. At the end of the article: point out the center (prose); Deepen the theme (narrative); The beginning of reference (argumentative, narrative, novel) (2) the function of rhetoric: (1) its own function; (2) Combined with sentence context. 1, figuratively personified: vivid; Answer format: written vividly+object+characteristics.
2, parallelism: momentum, strengthen the tone, in one go and so on. ; Answer format: key+object+feature 3; Questioning: arouse readers' attention and thinking; Answer format: arouse readers' attention and thinking about+object+characteristics; Rhetorical question: emphasis, emphasis, etc. 4. Contrast: emphasize ... highlight ... when answering questions, reveal the target, and then clear the sentence.
(4) Can one word in a sentence be replaced by another? Why? Verb: No. Because this word accurately, vividly and concretely writes the adjective: no.
Because this word vividly describes adverbs (such as Du, Da Du, Very Only, etc. ): no. Because this word accurately describes the situation of … (table degree, table limit, table time, table range, etc.). ), after the change, it becomes ... not in line with the facts.
(5) Can the order of two or three words in a sentence be reversed? Why? I can't. Because: (1) does not conform to the law of people's understanding of things (from shallow to deep, from surface to inside, from phenomenon to essence).
(2) There is a one-to-one correspondence between this word and the above. (3) These words are progressive, interlocking and cannot be interchanged.
(6) Duan Yi Summary 1. Narrative: Answer clearly (when and where) who did what. Format: (time+place)+people+things.
2. Description: The answer clearly explains what the object is and what its characteristics are. Format: explanation (introduction)+explanation object+explanation content (characteristics) 3. Discuss the article: clearly answer what the question is and what the author thinks.
Format: What demonstration method is used to prove (demonstrate)+demonstrate? I hope the landlord will adopt it.