Carl Gustav Werner von Heidenstein
Chinese name: Carl Gustav Werner von Heidenstein
Alias: Werner Heitenstein
Birthplace: Oshammar, north of Lake Vettern in southern Sweden
Gender: Male
Nationality: Sweden
Date of birth: July 6, 1859
Date of death: May 20, 1940
Occupation: Literature Swedish poet, Novelist
Representative work: "The Pilgrimage Years"
Introduction
Carl Gustav Werner von Heidenstein is a Swedish poet and , a recipient of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1916. He was a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences from 1912. Most of his works passionately depict Swedish character, life and traditions, often from an explicitly patriotic point of view.
He was born into a noble family in Olshammar. He studied painting at the Academy of Stockholm, but soon left to travel to various countries in Europe, Africa and Eastern Europe. "Journey to the West: In the Years of the Drift, 1888" is a collection of poems inspired by his experiences traveling in the east, and marked a relinquishment of natural superiority in Swedish literature.
Experience
Haitenstein was frail and sickly since childhood. In 1876, at the age of 17, he suffered from lung disease and was forced to interrupt his studies and traveled to Italy, Greece, Egypt, Palestine, and Syria. He rested and traveled in other places before returning to Sweden in 1879. During this period he studied painting in Rome for two years. In 1888, he had a falling out with his father because he opposed his becoming an artist. Hetenstein and his new wife Emily Ugra went abroad again and lived in Rome, Paris, Switzerland and other places. During his stay in Switzerland, he met Strindberg, the famous Swedish playwright living there, and the two became close friends. Frequent contacts with Strindberg enhanced Hetenstein's confidence in literary creation. In 1887, Hetenstein returned to Sweden and devoted himself to studying literature. The following year, he published his first collection of poems, The Age of Pilgrimage and Wandering (1888). Based on more than ten years of travel life, the poet narrates the natural scenery, customs, historical biographies, etc. of countries in southern Europe, the Mediterranean coast and the Arab region, and depicts them into a desirable "Arabian Nights"-style myth. world. The work adopts illusory, magical and exaggerated techniques, and is full of southern legends and Eastern philosophy. With its gorgeous style and unique sentiment, it created a generation of Swedish poetry, which caused great repercussions in the literary world and became the Swedish New Romanticism or Aestheticism. Hetenstein is also known as the representative poet of aestheticism.
In 192, Heidenstein built a house that combined ancient Swedish and Italian styles on a hill overlooking Lake Barton. He has lived here for twenty years. He died in this house on May 20, 1944.
Achievements
His love is beautiful is also shown in the novel Hans Ant (1892). Poems, (1895) and Charles Male, 2 vols. 1 and 2. 1897-1898), a historical novel that displays strong nationalist passions. These two volumes were inspired by "The Tree" (1905-07), the epic storyline of a tribal leader in Erikson's Middle Ages.
His collection of poems, "The Message", published in 1915, deals with philosophical themes, primarily related to the elevation of men to better protect humanity from loneliness. Immediately afterwards, Hetenstein published a novel "Endymion" (1889) based on Greek mythology, and an essay "Renaissance" (1889) that further elaborated on his artistic views and literary propositions. The publication of this pamphlet had a great impact on the Swedish literary and artistic circles at that time. It became the manifesto of the New Romanticism and the development program of the new era of Swedish literature. Since then, a group of newly emerging writers and poets have broken through the shackles of naturalism and realism, developed their own originality, and formed a new and vivid situation in the Swedish literary world. Subsequently, Hetenstein's artistic ideas were further reflected in his poetic novel "Hans Arienos" (1892). The novel describes the life of Hans Arienos, a legendary figure in Swedish folklore, who traveled around in search of "life inspiration". The work develops an aesthetic style and has a mysterious and fantasy element. The "Collected Poems" published in 1895 showed Hetenstein's great enthusiasm and concern for the motherland and the nation. It was both a national ode and an exotic sentiment. Many of the poems wrote about Greek stories including the Trojan War, Sweden's Aristocratic society, Italian Renaissance and Icelandic legends are considered the pinnacle of the poet's lyric poetry, indicating that the author has completely broken through the old artistic boundaries and matured in creation, with a deep, optimistic style, tranquility and introspection. temperament.
Haitenstein's important poetry collections include "People's Collection" (1902) and "New Poems" (1915).
The former expresses the poet's strong feelings of loving the motherland and missing his hometown, and is filled with warm and sincere patriotism; the latter is more immersed in the memories of medieval history, expressing nationalist sentiments with praise of nature, and the poetic style There have also been major changes, from the early gorgeousness and elegance to simplicity and tranquility, which reflects the poet's mood of escaping from society and moving toward nature.
In addition to poetry, Hetenstein wrote a number of historical novels, the most important of which are "The Men of Charles XII" (1897-1898) and "The Family of Falcon" (1905-1907) . The novel "The Men of Charles XII" depicts the historical scene of the Swedish King Charles XII leading his troops to fight the northern war with Russia, Denmark, Norway and other countries in the early 18th century. It shows the Swedish army and people in the difficult war. Their dedication in heroic battles over the years praised their national integrity for their infinite loyalty to the country and the nation.
The long historical novel "The Family of Falcon" writes about the ups and downs of the Falcon family, starting from the end of the eleventh century when Fulcher Philbit, the ancestor of the Falcon family and the leader of the pirates, carried a bag of plunder. The gold he brought back to Sweden began to be written, until one of his descendants Valdemar became the king of Sweden two hundred years later, and then was deprived of the throne by his younger brother Magnus. In the end, the overworked, old and sick Magnus became the king of Sweden. I felt a little envious of my brother who was living a peaceful and contented life in prison. The work not only depicts historical events, but also satirizes the past and present, and has profound implications.
In addition to the above works, there are also novels "A Pilgrimage to St. Birgit" (1901), "The Legacy of Belbo" (1905), and the polemic with Strindberg after 191 His anthology "Controversy Collection" (1912) and so on. In 1912, Heidenstein was elected as a member of the Swedish Academy, and in 1916, in recognition of his "importance as the leading representative of the new era of Swedish literature", he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. But he basically wrote no more works after that, and only published his memoir "When the Chestnut Tree Blooms" in 1941 after his death.
Works