Recently, I began to learn to write words, and I feel that I have a close relationship with words, so I can get started quickly. These two days, I read "The Female Consciousness of Song Ci" by Professor Yu Yang, a famous teacher in our college of literature, and suddenly realized the reason why I learned Ci efficiently: compared with poetry, Ci is closer to women and conforms to the inherent femininity of people. Based on the above works of Professor Yang, my conclusion is that poetry is more suitable for masculinity, while ci belongs to female feelings. And gender traits are reflected in everyone.
To understand poetry deeply, we should start with the root of its development.
The Age of The Book of Songs —— The Origin Period of Poetry
Poetry is closely related to music. Darwin believed that music originated from the singing of birds. When do birds sing best? Courtship, of course. As the saying goes, "Pigeons are in the river", this kind of music is a bridge between the opposite sex. Poetry attached to music developed in the process of human evolution. "Poet, ambition also. Have ambition in your heart and speak like a poem. " (Preface to Mao Poetry): The situation lies in words; Sigh if you don't say enough; If you sigh, you will sing and dance. There is no disguise about the love between men and women in The Book of Songs. Compared with later generations, at present, human beings are in a natural state, and men and women are equal in performance. Labor and love are the two major themes of folk poetry, and their forms are short, bright, euphemistic and affectionate.
androgyny
Psychologically speaking, human nature is not single, it has both a male side and a female side. These two aspects are complementary, balanced and harmonious, which determines the integrity of people. The so-called hermaphroditism. But in real life, people have a rigid distinction between gender roles. In the traditional culture of China, this gender role difference is relatively weak. First of all, women have always lived at the bottom of society, and their weakness and obedience reflect women. At the same time, although men are the heads of the family, they are also obedient and humble under the class structure of loyalty to the monarch and filial piety, with abstract "masculinity" and female obedience in their bones. In ancient works, some people compared themselves to abandoned wives to express their inner disappointment. For example, Qu Yuan expressed his desire for a better regime with beautiful women, and also expressed his frustration that his political enthusiasm was not recognized with the withering of beautiful women.
Male characteristics of Tang poetry
After the Han Dynasty, the prosperous Tang Dynasty was ambitious and heroic, and it was not bound by orthodox Confucianism. Territorial expansion and territorial integration brought them to the peak. In such an open era, women's status is relatively liberated and respected. We can see it from the costumes and makeup of women in the Tang Dynasty. Women even try to seize the supreme sovereignty by alienating the gender, which makes men feel panic. Modern poetry in the Tang Dynasty is square and steady in form, symbolizing the grandeur of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, with masculine beauty and great momentum. Typical representative: Li Bai.
Female characteristics of song ci
Poetry has faded since the late Tang Dynasty. It seems that a person has gone from young to middle age and become calm and quiet. If women in the prosperous Tang Dynasty showed a masculine side, then men in the Song Dynasty showed a masculine side. Contrary to the continuous expansion of the frontier in the Tang Dynasty, the royal family in the Song Dynasty was constantly losing territory. Although "leniency and softness" contribute to economic and cultural prosperity, political and military weakness eventually leads to people's displacement. From top to bottom, especially in the Southern Song Dynasty, people were sad and helpless. Only by looking for a soft fragrance in Huajie Liuxiang or their own concubine class can they get temporary comfort. Representative figures are Song Huizong and Yan Shu. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Neo-Confucianism began to use the Confucian right path to strengthen the imprisonment of women. However, the status of women in the Northern Song Dynasty was very high, which greatly increased the number of talented women throughout the Song Dynasty. They have a strong pursuit, which affects the development trend of female discourse. The writing aimed at random creation has various forms, showing a sense of feminine curves.
People have abstract masculinity and fundamental femininity. Our ancestors once said, "Everybody be quiet." . Soft femininity is like the sea where rivers finally meet. You can see that among the many transsexuals in the world, men become women and become famous (Venus; Jimmy, wait. ), and vice versa. Flexibility gains strength. Therefore, I think: poetry is top-down because of its accent; The words are soft and tortuous.
Professor Yu Yang's research has accumulated a lot, from foreign languages to philosophy to Chinese studies. Her book "Female Consciousness of Song Ci" is a doctoral thesis, which is a breakthrough in observing Song Ci with female consciousness. This book contains sociological, psychological and philosophical analysis, with clear structure and profound implications, which makes people have a new understanding and deeper philosophical thinking about Song Ci.
References:
1. Yu Yang, Female Consciousness in Song Poetry, Hunan Normal University Press, Changsha, Hunan, 200 1, 5.
2. Tao Te Ching and Immortal Painting, translated by Xu Yuanchong, Wuzhou Communication Press, 2006, 1.