1. What scenery is unique to "Tianjia"? Garden of mulberries, hemp, chrysanthemums
2. When the author describes the scenery of Tianjia, the sentence describing the close view is "opening the garden in front of the garden, talking about mulberry and hemp while drinking wine", while the distant view is of green trees bordering the village and green mountains sloping outside.
p>Analysis and Appreciation of "Crossing the Village of My Friends"
Crossing the Village of My Friends
Meng Haoran
Introduction to those who are confused
Meng Haoran (689 ~740), a native of Xiangyang, Xiangzhou (now Xiangyang, Hubei) in the Tang Dynasty.
In his early years, he studied hard at home and once lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain. When he was 40 years old, he traveled to Chang'an and failed in the examination. Zhang Jiuling wrote the history of Jingzhou governor and once invited him to serve as a short-term official.
Meng Haoran once roamed around the southeast. The poems take pastoral landscapes as the main theme. He is as famous as Wang Wei and is known as "Wang Meng". His poems are light and mostly reflect the reclusive life; he is also good at using the verses of people from the Six Dynasties, and has a reputation as a master. "The Poetry of the Tang Dynasty" said that his famous lines "can compete with the ancients by a hair." There is "Wang Haoran Collection" handed down from generation to generation.
Solution
This poem is selected from "Meng Xiangyang Collection".
This is a representative work of Meng Haoran's pastoral poetry, which was probably written in his early years when he lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain. The poet was invited by a friend living in the village, and he happily went there. On the way, he saw green trees and mountains. After meeting, he talked about poetry and wine with the theme of farming. It is full of pastoral poetry and painting, with a strong flavor of life, and the whole poem is fresh. Joy is an ode to social stability and peace, and farmers living and working in peace and contentment.
This is a five-character poem.
Comments
An old friend is an old friend, an old acquaintance. Tools: purchase, preparation. Chicken millet: broiler chicken and millet, referring to the home-cooked dishes of the Tian family. Invite me to Tian's house. Invite: invite. To: come. Tianjia: the home of old friends. ○Explain the origin of this trip. The green trees border the village, and the green mountains and hills slope outside. Together: Together, the Ring Village is full of green trees. Guo: The original meaning refers to the outer city. When the words "city" and "guo" are combined, the city refers to the inner city wall, and "guo" refers to the outer city wall, or it can also refer to the city wall in general. After extension, everything around and outside is called "guo", and here "guo" refers to the village - the village. all sides. Oblique: meandering away. ○Describe the close-up and distant views of the old friend's village. Open a pavilion to enjoy the scene, drink and talk about mulberry and hemp. Open: open. A long corridor or small room with windows, face: face, see. Field: threshing floor; garden: vegetable garden; field garden as a word can refer to both field and garden. It can also refer specifically to one of them, and the compound word has a partial meaning. Handle: take, carry. Talk: talk about, chat about. Mulberry and hemp: Silkworm and hemp crops. There are two main raw materials for ancient people's clothing. One is to grow mulberry and raise silkworms to get silk, and the other is to grow hemp threads to weave cloth. Here, mulberry and hemp also refer to farming. ○Write the scenes and activities when you meet your old friend, echoing the "Tian Family". When the Double Ninth Festival comes, there will be chrysanthemums. Double Ninth Festival: Also known as "Double Ninth Festival", it refers to the day of September 9th in the lunar calendar. Because the Han people's Yin-Yang theory attaches numbers to yin and yang, and the number nine belongs to Yang, so September 9th is called "Double Ninth Festival", also known as "Double Ninth Festival". Double Ninth Festival". Just: verb. Approaching and arriving can be interpreted as viewing and getting close. The Double Ninth Festival is a festival for the Han people. Eating wine and admiring chrysanthemums, holding crabs and admiring chrysanthemums is an elegant event for literati in autumn, especially on Double Ninth Festival. ○The joyful gathering today is still full of love, and I look forward to meeting again in the future.
Translation
An old friend prepared chicken and millet delicacies and invited me to meet him at his farm. But I saw green trees surrounding the village, and green mountains stretching out into the distance outside the village. When I opened the house, I saw the field and vegetable garden. After holding the wine, we started talking about the farming topics of sericulture and hemp. Wait until the Double Ninth Festival in autumn, (I) will come to appreciate the (blooming) chrysanthemums.
Brief Analysis
As far as this poem is concerned, the language is ordinary, the narrative is natural and smooth, and there is no trace of exaggeration. However, the feelings are sincere, the poetry is mellow, and there is a sense of "clear water comes out". Meirong, natural without carvings, aesthetic appeal. "Guo" means "visit" or "visit".
"An old friend invited me to Tian's house", he said it like a family story, appearing relaxed, simple and easy-going. "Millet" is harvested in the fields, and "chickens" are raised in the family. The two words exactly match the word "Tianjia" and are reminiscent of each other. The characteristics of farm life are "the old hub is still preserved today" and "the cock crows on the top of the mulberry tree". And because "chicken millet" is a delicacy of the Tian family, I dare to invite friends to taste Huajiu. It only has chicken millet and nothing else, and it shows the characteristics of an "old friend". It is not "foreign" if it does not talk about false etiquette and ostentation, and it is the most loved one. A manifestation of the unbroken affection between relatives and friends. Therefore, when the "old friend" invited me to go, he was not formal and treated it as a casual matter. His words were indeed indifferent and ambiguous!
“The green trees border the village and the green mountains slant outside” describe the beauty of the natural environment of the “Old Friend Village”. The first sentence is a close-up view, surrounded by green trees, a unique world, elegant, quiet and full of mystery; the second sentence is a distant view, which is the background of the farm. The green hills behind the village stretch into the distance, which also shows that the farm is not lonely, but closely connected with the outside world. Connected together, this scene of distant mountains showing green and eyes turning green is like a wonderful picture of green mountains and water, making people fascinated and imaginative.
"Opening a dining room, drinking wine and talking about mulberry and hemp" was written in the life scene of the old friend's house. Opening the window and facing a vegetable garden, I raised my glass and couldn't help but talk about farming. The word "talk" in the last sentence has a profound meaning. Judging from the mood of the whole poem, the conversation must have been pleasant; Meng Haoran lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain in his early years and never held an official position. The quiet and beautiful environment of his hometown village, the farmers' labor fun. The comfort of Tian's life made the poet feel passionate.
At this time, the poet forgot the worries of his official career and the hustle and bustle of the city, immersed himself in the enjoyment of poetic beauty, and was assimilated by the simple and sincere friendship of his old friends. He seemed to feel that he had found his destination in this scene.
"On the Double Ninth Festival, I will come back to see the chrysanthemums." The poet was attracted by the pastoral scenery and farm life. After having a full meal and wine, he still had unfinished thoughts, so he frankly expressed his feelings to his old friend before leaving. The wish to visit again during the Double Ninth Festival. A simple two-line poem contains the old friend's enthusiasm and simplicity, the guest's joy and satisfaction, and the intimate and unknown affection between host and guest. This desire to "enjoy it endlessly" further deepens the content of the previous sentences. This active expression of "coming back" is contrasting and deepening with the "invitation" in the first couplet, which is very thought-provoking.
A summary of the basic knowledge of Zi Tiao Sentences
A farmyard
A farmyard is a flat site where farmers use it as a place to dry grain, such as a wheat field or a threshing floor. Barnfield et al. Garden refers to a vegetable garden. In ancient times, the word garden was used. A place where trees are planted is called a garden, and a place where vegetables are grown is called a garden. In modern Chinese, there is no distinction between "garden" and "park". The word "yuan" is commonly used, but the word "pu" is not. The word "field garden" is related to the production habits of the Han people. "The Book of Songs·Youfeng·July" has a poem that "builds the field garden in September and harvests crops in October". Explaining the legend of Mao in the Book of Songs: "Spring and summer are the garden, autumn and winter are the field." Zheng Xuan of the Han Dynasty further explained: "The field and the garden are in the same place. From the time when things are born, it is cultivated to grow vegetables; when the things are mature, build strongholds. "This situation reflects the ancient people's practice of saving land. This poem is written in spring and summer, and the word "changpu" can be understood as a vegetable garden alone.
The old friend brought chicken and millet to open the Xuan noodle garden
This is a five-character rhymed poem. The rhymed poem must rhyme with poetry, and this poem rhymes with hemp rhyme; it also needs to pay attention to antithesis. Poetry couplets and neck couplets are two couplets that are work pairs (neat oppositions). The work pairs not only have relative syntactic structures and parts of speech, but also require relative categories of things. For example, "green trees" and "green mountains" are both natural scenery; "field garden" and "mulberry" are both It is an agricultural thing. In addition, rhythmic poetry also pays attention to the rules of level and oblique. Ping and oblique are the classification of Chinese tones. In ancient Chinese, there is the leveling tones, which can be used as mandarin tones, so they are in a category of their own; the leveling tones are shorter and shorter, so they are grouped together. For oblique sound. After discovering the regularity of Chinese tones in the Middle Ages, poets took the initiative to use the method of alternating oblique and oblique to form the musical beauty of poetry, which later became an important metrical requirement for rhymed poetry.
According to the rhythm of these two lines of poetry, the rhythm should be: "平平平廄廄. Except for the first word's flat and oblique tone, which is free and can be ignored, the fourth word's oblique sound is indispensable, but the meaning of these two lines of poetry is However, the fourth character is in flat tone, which makes it an awkward sentence. The ancients also stipulated that the fourth character of this style should be in flat tone. The flat and oblique sounds are still coordinated. In the verses, this situation is called "拗杀". We see that the third characters of these two lines, "gui" and "face", are both oblique sounds, so we can judge that the two sentences are "平平廄平廄". "The poet has no problem with the rhythm at all."