"Nine Songs" is the title of Chu Ci, which was originally the name of an ancient song in China myths and legends. Qu Yuan, a Chu native in the Warring States Period, adapted from the folk songs of offering sacrifices to gods in Chu, and created a large number of images of gods in his poems, most of which were in love with songs. Nine songs * * * Eleven articles: Emperor Taiyi, Prince in the Cloud, Lady Xiang, Little Thinking, Hebo, National Mourning, Ritual Soul.
The chapter mostly describes the attachment between God and God, showing the deep sadness of missing or wanting nothing. The article "National Mourning" is to mourn and celebrate the soldiers who died for Chu. Wang Yi believes that Qu Yuan did it when he was exiled to Jiangnan. At that time, Qu Yuan was "worried about his country and people", so he created music and songs to worship the gods to express his thoughts and feelings. However, most modern researchers believe that it was made before exile, only for sacrificial purposes.
Jiuge is a group of poems with 1 1 * *:
East Emperor Taiyi: God of Heaven
Jun in the cloud: the cloud god
Xiang Jun and Xiang Fu, the God of Xiang Water
Priestess of Death: God in charge of longevity.
The life of a young man: the God in charge of children
Dong Jun: Sun God.
Hebo: God of the Yellow River
Shan Gui: Mountain God
National mourning: a soldier who died for his country.
Ritual Soul: It is the Divine Comedy.
The nine songs include 1 1 chapter, and predecessors have made various arrangements to make it conform to the number of "nine".
For example, in the Qing Dynasty, Jiang Ji's Notes on Chu Ci in Mountain Pavilion advocated that Xiang Jun and Xiang Fu should be combined into one chapter, and Priestess of Death and Shao Siming should be combined into one chapter.
Wen Yiduo's "What are Nine Songs" advocates that "Dong Huang Tai Yi" is a welcome song, "Li Soul" is a farewell song, and the middle nine chapters are the text of "Nine Songs".
However, most people regard "Nine" as an imaginary number, and agree with Wang Yuan's Collection of Songs of the South and Wang Fuzhi's Interpretation of Songs of the South. They think that the first ten chapters are dedicated to ten gods, which are closely related to the production struggle and survival competition from the origin of ancient human religious thoughts.
Ten kinds of gods can be divided into three types: ① God ── Emperor Taiyi (the most expensive god), YunZhongJun (the cloud god), Priestess of Death (the god of life), Shao Siming (the god of master) and Dong Jun (the sun god); (2) Land gods-Xiang Shui God, Xiang Fu, Hebo, Mountain God; (3) Ghosts-national mourning (the soul of the fallen soldiers).
Some people think that among the above ten gods, the "East Emperor Taiyi" at the beginning of the text is supreme, and the "national mourning" at the end of the text is a martyr, all of whom are male; The rest are Yin and Yang couples, namely Dong Jun (male) and YunZhongJun (female), Priestess of Death (male) and Shao Siming (female), Xiang Jun (male) and Mrs. Xiang (female), Hebo (male) and Shan Gui (female). The original text of Nine Songs is basically arranged according to the above relationship, but this edition of Dong Jun is scattered (Wen Yiduo's Revision of Chu Ci).
About the author:
Qu Yuan (about 340 BC-278 BC) was born in the State of Chu in the Warring States Period. He is Zuo Tu and Tai Fu of San Lv. Chu Ci is a collection of poems written by Qu Yuan, Song Yu and Jia Yi in the Warring States, edited by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty, and written by Wang Yi in the Eastern Han Dynasty (analysis and interpretation of ancient books). These poems describe the local customs of Chu with the poetic style and dialect rhyme of Chu Ci, which has a strong local color, hence the name Chu Ci. Later generations therefore called this poetic style "Chu Ci Style" or "Sao Style".