The regulating function of China's poems.
One of the important reasons why China's poems can last for a long time is that it has the function of adjustment and its language form is in the process of constant change. From four characters to five characters and then to seven characters, with the development and change of Chinese, a new rhythm is constantly formed. The four-character poem is an early form of poetry, which tends to be rigid with the end of the era of The Book of Songs. Since then, four-character poems, such as Cao Cao's short songs, are really rare. The main forms of China's poems are five-character 23-character poems and seven-character 43-character poems. A four-character poem is divided into two equal halves with a dull rhythm. There are syllable differences before and after the five or seven characters, indicating the change of neat and lively rhythm. Therefore, five words or seven words have replaced four words and become the main form of China's poetry. Why didn't seven words continue to grow into nine words? I think this is because seven syllables of a poem have reached the maximum limit of shortness of breath, and it is only when it is stretched to nine words that it is short of breath. Such a poem is not easy to establish.
As the syllables change, the prosodic rules gradually become strict. China's poetry has changed from free verse to metrical verse. However, after the establishment of metrical poetry, free verse still did not decline, but coexisted with metrical poetry, each with its own strengths. As far as a poet is concerned, although some are good at free verse and some are good at metrical verse, they are all trained. There is no distinction between free body and metrical body. They complement each other and have their own strengths, which jointly promote the prosperity and development of China's poetry.
From a deeper perspective, the development of poetry is the interaction between rhythm and melody. This is the first time in the history of China's poetry that it changed from emphasizing melody to emphasizing emotion, which happened between Jin and Song Dynasties, specifically between Tao and Xie. This happens to be the time when various techniques of modern poetry are consciously applied. Lu Shiyong in Ming Dynasty said: "For Song Dynasty, poetry is the end of ancient times and the beginning of law. When the system changes, people will feel happy. Xie Lingyun is ingenious, silent is better than sound, and the celebration is embarrassing. "Specifically, this change is mainly manifested in two aspects, that is, from emphasizing freehand brushwork to imitating images, from enlightening language to realistic language." "Wen Xin Diao Long Ming Shi" said: "It is strange to choose a hundred words to compete for a price; Love must be extremely beautiful to write something, and words must be completely new. " The situation after the transformation is pointed out. The change from Tao to Xie reflects the evolution of the poetic style of two generations. As Shen Deqian said: "As for the Song Dynasty, the melody gradually faded and the melody was wide open, which was also related to the operation of poetry. "The stage of emphasizing melody lasted from the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties to the early Tang Dynasty. On the one hand, it enriches the expression techniques, on the other hand, it also establishes strict rules. In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, melody and melody were perfectly unified, thus reaching the climax of poetry.
But the unity of rhythm and melody can't last long after all. Half a century after the prosperous Tang Dynasty, the two began to separate. Heavy temperament, lack of melody; People who seek debauchery have infinite temperament. Since then, although there have been many poems that combine the two, there is no poem that can maintain an era by combining the two. Generally speaking, the history of China's poetry is brilliant, but its peak is only half a century in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
1. The following understanding of China's own "regulatory function" is incorrect ().
A. "Adjustment function" refers to a feature of China's enduring poetry that constantly strives for change in the process of development.
B the regulating function of its language form is reflected in the continuous formation of new poetic rhythm: five or seven words have replaced four words.
C. The regulating function of language form is also reflected in the gradual tightening of metrical form: metrical form replaces freestyle.
D. The adjustment function is also reflected in the interaction between temperament and melody, which makes China's poems present different styles.
2. The following statement completely conforms to the original intention is ()
A. With the decrease of people's interest in The Book of Songs, the era of The Book of Songs is over, and people feel that the four-character poems with 22 rhythms are becoming more and more rigid.
B. China's poetry did not develop from five words and seven words to nine words, because the order of five words and seven words changed and the rhythm was more lively.
C. Both Lu Shiyong in the Ming Dynasty and Wen Xin Diao Long Ming Shi pointed out that the evolution of two generations of poetic styles occurred between Tao Yuanming and Xie Lingyun.
D During the Jin and Song Dynasties, the changes of poetry were mainly manifested in two aspects: emphasizing freehand brushwork to imitating images, and from enlightening language to realistic language.
3. According to the information provided in the original text, the following inference is incorrect ()
A. China's poems can last for a long time because people are always in a state of self-adjustment in their poetry creation.
B China's poems developed from free verse to metrical verse, and it is not surprising that he consciously used various techniques later.
C the long-term coexistence of ancient poetry and modern poetry shows that the pursuit of poetic language is of little significance in the history of China's poetry.
D. From the perspective of the development of poetry, only when temperament and melody are perfectly unified can the glory of poetry be truly realized.