Subjective questions include sub-questions, such as filling in the blanks, short answers and tasting. When summarizing the expressions of filling in the blanks, short answers and taste analysis, we should start from the following aspects:
Start with the key words, such as grasping the main body of the poem, grasping the meaning and function of verbs and color words, and appreciating the answers.
Starting with key verses (thematic sentences and emotional sentences), analyze and summarize, and infer the starting point of answering questions.
③ Analyze its meaning and explore its function from rhetorical devices (metaphor, personification and exaggeration) and expressions (essays and arguments).
Starting with the relevant background information of the work and the writer, we can accurately grasp the theme of the work, the author's emotional tendency and the original intention of the poem.
⑤ Starting from the specific content of poetry, grasp the ideological content of all kinds of poems (such as farewell poems, nostalgic poems, patriotic poems, philosophical poems, nostalgic poems, etc.). And extract and summarize their thoughts and feelings according to their respective categories).
⑤ Understand poetry and express emotion from the writer's style (bold and graceful, depressed and frustrated) and language features (concise and implicit, concise).
(3) The overall problem-solving method of poetry appreciation:
To appreciate the diction and sentence-making of poetry, we should consider the subtlety of words from three aspects: accuracy, vividness and vividness of poetic language.
② Appreciate the imagery (artistic conception) of poetry. The so-called "meaning" is the author's subjective feeling; The so-called "image" and "environment" are the natural scenery and life pictures in the poem, that is, there is a scene in the meaning and an intention in the scene. Appreciate the images in the poem carefully, and grasp the feelings expressed in the poem with the help of imagination and association.
Appreciate the emotional theme, the beauty of feelings and things, and the subtlety of implications expressed in poetry.
Understand the requirements of the test questions, grasp the starting point of the answers and grasp the key points of the test questions.
In addition, with the help of notes and tips, combined with the author's life experience, his own knowledge reserve and developed ability, he should carefully read and taste the given poems and songs, find the right angle of answering questions, and infer the answer on the basis of repeated comparative analysis.
We should also have a comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of poetry.
Second, the analysis of common problems:
Poetry appreciation questions are open to some extent and encourage candidates to express creatively, but they can only be targeted according to the questions and requirements. In the exam, the common types are:
(A) "poetic eyes" type
Theme form
(1) Do you think a word or sentence in the poem is well written? Why?
(2) From which sentence can you find a word that best reflects the poet's feelings?
(3) A word in a sentence of this poem, some versions as a word. Which do you think is better? Why?
(4) What is the function of words in expression?
Interpretation of the title Ancient people often pursued a vivid word in their poems. This kind of problem requires us to taste the beauty of the poet's refined words. When you answer, don't discuss words in words, but put them back in sentences and analyze them in combination with the theme, artistic conception and the poet's thoughts and feelings.
Key points of answering questions
1. Definitely "good" or definitely which is better.
2. Explain the general meaning of this word and its meaning in the sentence.
3. Expand imagination and association, restore the words you think are good into sentences, and reproduce the scene described by the poet.
4. Say what feelings the word expresses or what artistic conception it sets off.
The second couplet in Wang Wan's "The Next Berth on Beibao Mountain" in the Tang Dynasty is "The two sides widen at low tide", and some versions are called "The two sides of the tidal flat are lost". Which word do you think is better and why?
Example (1)
A: The word "wide" is better. Why:
(1) "wide" means open and broad;
(2) The word "wide" directly expresses spring returns, the ice and snow melt, and the spring tide makes the river boundless, and the two sides are particularly wide;
(3) The word "broad" directly expresses the poet's strong feeling of broadening his horizons.
(4) The word "Guang" sounds like the word "Hang", and the tone seems louder.
Example (2)
A: The word "lost" is better. Why:
(1) The word "lost" better represents the return of spring to the earth, the melting of ice and snow, and the spring dynasty makes the river endless and can't see both sides of the river;
(2) The word "lost" vividly depicts the subjective visual image that the river bank is flush with the horizontal plane and seems to disappear because of the high spring tide.
(2) Appreciation of famous sentences
Theme form
(1) Describe the picture of famous sentences and reveal the meaning of poems.
(2) Explain the meaning of a couplet and analyze the relationship between emotion and scenery.
(3) Explain the meaning of poetry and tell them how to express the author's thoughts and feelings.
Interpretation of famous sentences is the essence of the whole poem (word). They are often praised by people in terms of scenery, emotion and meaning. According to specific sentences, you can say all three or focus on one aspect.
Answer score 1. Clear the specific scenery image in the poem;
2. Expand imagination and association, and reproduce the scenery image in your own language.
3. Summarize the characteristics of the scenery described by the poet.
4. What kind of thoughts and feelings this poem expresses or what kind of enlightenment and thinking it gives people.
Example of problem type 1. Please describe the painting "Qian Fan passing by a sunken ship and Wan Muchun in front of a diseased tree" and reveal the meaning of this poem.
A: Looking around, we can see such a scene: on the great river, on the bank of the sunken ship, there is still Qian Fan vying for development. In nature, although there are diseased trees, thousands of trees still strive for spring. It tells us that new things will definitely replace old things.
2. The words "straight" and "round" have always been praised. Tell me why these two words are used well.
Answer: "Straight" and "Round" accurately describe the desert scene and show the author's deep feelings. The word "straight" is tall and majestic in desolation and loneliness, and the word "round" is soft and warm in vastness and grandeur.
Expression skills
Theme form
(1) What expression is used in this poem?
(2) What artistic technique (expressive skill) is used in this poem? How to express the poet's feelings? What's the role?
Topic interpretation of classical poetry pays great attention to expression skills. It is a means used by poets to express their feelings and themes. Common expression skills are:
(1) Lyrics: direct and indirect lyricism, and indirect lyricism includes borrowing scenery, borrowing things to express feelings, blending scenes, borrowing things to express aspirations, and borrowing things to express ideas.
(2) Expression techniques: seeing the big from the small, turning the virtual into the real, combining the virtual with the real, supporting things by reason, combining motion and static, combining sound and emotion, describing from multiple angles, using joy and sadness, comparing and setting off, etc.
(3) Rhetorical devices: such as antithesis, metaphor, personification, exaggeration and pun.
Of course, when analyzing skills, we should comprehensively analyze the significance and function of rhetoric in poetry, and analyze the ways of expression of poetry, such as scenery description, lyricism, borrowing things to sing praises, symbolism and so on.
Key points of answering questions
1. Accurately point out the lyric way, expression way or rhetorical device.
2. Analyze poems and specific words.
3. What kind of content and feelings are expressed or what kind of truth is revealed by this expression skill.