▲ Knowledge goal
1. Experience the effect of empathy and symbolism in poetry.
2. Understand the language style and structure of Li Sao, and understand the gist of the excerpt.
3. Feel the romantic color of Li Sao.
▲ Emotional goals
1. Feel the noble sentiments and patriotic feelings expressed by the poet in introspection and turn them into his own spiritual strength.
2. Feel the poet's noble behavior, holy character and perfect image of caring for the country and the people.
▲ Key and difficult points
1. It is romantic to use image metaphor, magnificent imagination and gorgeous literary talent to express the poet's passion in poetry.
2. Understand Qu Yuan's spiritual expression and the poet's eulogy and pursuit of political ideals.
3. Understanding of classical Chinese vocabulary.
● Refresh knowledge inventory.
Knowledge list
1. About the Book of Songs
Qu Yuan was a poet of Chu in the Warring States Period. He is the first great romantic poet, the greatest patriotic poet, the founder and representative writer of Chu Ci poetry in the history of China literature. His representative works include Li Sao, Tian Wen, Nine Songs, Nine Chapters, Evocation and so on. Have a far-reaching impact.
2. About Li Sao
In the spring of the thirty-ninth year of Chu Huaiwang, Qu Yuan was exiled to the Northern Han Dynasty. Li Sao wrote here. It is the representative work of Qu Yuan and the longest lyric poem in ancient China. The whole poem has 373 sentences and 2490 words. It expresses the author's political ambition and strong will to fight the decadent forces with the metaphor of beauty and vanilla, myths and legends and rich imagination, and expresses his ardent feelings for the motherland. Is the originator of China's romantic poems.
3. About Songs of the South and Songs of the South
"Chu Ci" is a form of poetry named after a group of Chu Ci writers, represented by Qu Yuan, created and developed "writing Chu language, writing Chu sound, gathering Chu land and making a name for themselves" on the basis of studying Chu Ci. Chu Ci is a collection of works by Chu Ci writers such as Qu Yuan and Song Yu edited by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty.
4. About the meaning of Li Sao
There are different opinions about the meaning of the title of Li Sao in ancient and modern times. Sima Qian interpreted it as "leaving worries" in Historical Records and Biography of Qu Yuan. Ban Gu interprets it as "being troubled" in Li Sao Zanku. Wang Yi interpreted it as "Don't worry" in The Songs of the South. According to the notes of Fu, Lao Shangzhi and Wang Yi, modern scholars believe that Lao Shang and Li Sao are disyllabic words, and Li Sao is the transliteration of Lao Shang.
5. Font discrimination
Gnome male-,gnome male-,gnome male-,gnome male-,gnome male-,gnome male-,gnome male-,gnome male-,gnome male-.
"I'm afraid": I'm easily accused of "I'm afraid": I'm impressed.
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Exploration platform
1. What is the theme and emotional tone of the excerpt?
Excerpts express the poet's sadness and deep affection for the people's livelihood in the old country through his self-report on his life and life experience, and reflect the poet's persistence in his noble sentiment, pure virtue and political ideal, and his fighting spirit against the corrupt and evil force erin brockovich. This quality and spirit of the poet comes from the thoughts and feelings of loving the motherland and the people, which is very valuable. ※. However, due to the limitations of the times and class, the poet could not see the power of the people, and only pinned his hopes on the wise king, which doomed his tragic fate. Therefore, in his poems, although he expressed his ardent feelings of pursuing a beautiful ideal and never colluding with others, he was also mixed with a feeling of sadness and aloofness.
2. What is the structure of this poem?
There are twelve excerpts, which can be divided into three sections. The first two sections are the first paragraph, describing family background, date of birth and origin of name. ※. In the previous section, I described my family background and birth time. In the latter section, I said that Emperor Gao named the hero in the poem. Show your noble blood, superiority, sense of responsibility and inner beauty. This is not only the motive force of his thoughts and feelings of protecting the monarch and rejuvenating the country, but also the root of his tragedy.
The middle four paragraphs are the second paragraph. Through some metaphors, the poet tells the story of Jia Deyi's constant pursuit of good things and improvement of his self-cultivation. At the end of the ceremony, he expressed his willingness to be a pioneer of innovation and power, and to dedicate himself to the king of Chu and the country. This foreshadows the contradiction between the poet's beautiful subjective desire and the cruel objective reality, as well as the' frustration' that the poet encountered.
The last six verses are the third paragraph. The poet first reviewed the lessons of success or failure in history, and then contacted the dark reality of Chu, repeatedly telling his loyalty and tragic experience of being out of harmony with the monarch. Finally, taking the failure of the engagement as a metaphor, it expresses the setbacks encountered in the reform and innovation, and euphemistically sends out the sadness of the king of Chu's incompetence and willfulness.
Structure diagram:
Extraordinary life experience
Moral cultivation, worrying about the country and the people, advice when most needed is least heeded.
Worried about the country
1. There are many poems describing vanilla. What is the poet's intention in describing these objects?
The poet used his rich imagination to write down his love for all kinds of herbs and flowers in his works. This is a figurative way to show his purity and elegance. Even in bad circumstances, he still insists on his innocent conduct and the ideal of serving the country, and never goes along with the villains. Poets compare Li Jiang, Pi Zhi, Qiu Lan, Mulan and Su Mang. Their images are colorful, which not only make people feel the color and fragrance of flowers and plants, but also attract them by a far-reaching artistic conception. ※. These hidden flowers and plants growing in the wasteland of water towns lead people's mood to the fantasy realm of fantasy. Poets use them to symbolize noble morality, wear clothes that symbolize him, morality and righteousness, strengthen moral cultivation, and write a noble and touching image of poets.
2. Combined with the content of the text, how to understand the following poem?
(1) But the vegetation is scattered, for fear of beauty dying.
Replacing Chu Huaiwang with "beauty" in the sentence expresses the author's anxiety about the fate of the country. ※.
(2) He Jie and Zhou Zhichang were embarrassed, and her husband just took an embarrassing shortcut.
In the sentence, "Changbei" is used as a metaphor for being wild and uninhibited, which shows the regret for Chu Huaiwang's indulgence and confusion. ※.
(3) At dusk, because I was in the middle of the road, I took another road.
In the sentence, the author uses "dusk" as a metaphor for the close cooperation between the monarch and the minister, expressing his strong feelings that he is willing to do his best for Chu. ※.
3. What role does the word "xi" play in poetry?
"Xi" has different positions and functions in poetry: it is used in sentences to express an extended sound; Used between sentences, indicating that the meaning is not finished, waiting for the next sentence to be added; Used at the end of a sentence to express an exclamation. As far as excerpts are concerned, they are all used in sentences, indicating that the semantics are not finished, and the next sentence is added. Judging from the sentence pattern, this poem broke the restriction of the Book of Songs on four-character poems and greatly expanded the expressive ability of poetry.
4. What are the aspects of Qu Yuan's spirit?
The noble character and patriotic feelings of this poem.
For nine days, I thought I was just, and my husband was only spiritual, so I was also upright and loyal.
Only the husband party is happy to steal, and the former Wang Zhongwu resents evil and does not agree;
Fenwu not only has this inner beauty, but also attaches importance to self-discipline and self-improvement.
Gu Yu knew it was troublesome, but he stuck to the truth and devoted himself to his ideals.
If I am not as good as Xi, I am afraid of my country and people when I am old. I love my motherland.
5. What kind of ideal does the poet eulogize and pursue?
Poetry often compares one's beautiful pursuit with collecting flowers and plants, one's noble spiritual world with beautiful clothes, and one's talent and character with "Raptor", which depicts an image of noble behavior and holy character for us. ※.
What are the characteristics of this poem? ※?
Excerpts are mainly narrative, which combines narrative, lyric, description, explanation and discussion in one furnace, beautiful and harmonious. When the poet exposed the dark reality of Chu and expressed his beautiful ideal, he used fragrant flowers, beautiful grass and strange makeup to compare his noble virtues. Compared with the absurd jealousy and secular opportunism of the princes and ministers of Chu, it sets off the poet's contempt for those ugly souls. These "bi xing" techniques are completely different from those in the Book of Songs. They are not simple metaphors. The images they set up are gorgeous, far-reaching, beautiful and moving, full of romantic atmosphere. Related links
Understand the social background of the Warring States period and Qu Yuan's life, and deepen understanding. ※.
In the history of literature, it is often called "Feng" and "Sao" to summarize the Book of Songs and "Sao" to summarize the Songs of the South. ※.
Most descendants agree with Sima Qian and Ban Gu. ※.
Focus on the scene
Look at the problem from the concept of dividing into two, but fully affirm Qu Yuan's patriotic feelings and noble sentiments. ※.
Excerpts are extremely diverse, interwoven with factual narration, lonely expression and incisive exposition, with prominent themes and complete structure. ※.
The author compares himself to "vanilla" and "beauty", which actually symbolizes his unique taste. ※.
Only by paying attention to the specific context can we fully understand the meaning of metaphor. ※.
The modal particle "Xi" and Chu dialect are widely used in this poem, which endows this poem with a strong local color. ※.
In his poems, the author repeated his noble patriotic feelings. ※.
The author's actions, feelings and ambitions are highly consistent. ※.
Lisao inherits the figurative technique of The Book of Songs, but it has great innovation and development. ※.
● The corresponding training homepage
Basic question:
1. One of the following words with incorrect pronunciation and meaning is ()
A. Miao (y) Meng (z not u)
Redundancy (kuí) is more important than repair energy (zhòng).
B, if it is not enough, it is less than (y) and (ch).
Miracle takes the highway first (d m 40).
C. Huihong (Hu Wo m: i) Changbei (P: He)
The awkward step is followed by martial arts.
D. Do not test (quán) gallop (chěng)
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Answer: A (weight: gram)
2, the following sentence plus words to explain the correct one is ()
An emperor Kao Jobo Yong (big and beautiful; (of a dead mother)
B, repair (repair; Talent)
C the sun and the moon suddenly don't drown (stay)
D Laiwu Road Fuxian Road (Middle Road)
Answer: c (test: dead father; Repair: long; Tao: tour guide)
3. Fill in the blanks:
The Book of Songs and Songs of the South are the two peaks of ancient Chinese poetry before the Tang Dynasty. Comparing the two, formally, the Book of Songs is mostly one sentence, while the Songs of the South is mostly one sentence. The book of songs is simple in length and structure; The length and structure of Chu Ci. In terms of language style, the language of The Book of Songs is famous for its conciseness and clarity. Chu Ci is famous for its magnificence. It uses a large number of modal particles and Chu language, and has a strong Chu local color. The word "Xi" is very useful.
A: The four lengths are different, shorter, longer, complex, gorgeous, colorful and soothing.
4. The word "poverty" in "I am lonely and poor at this time" means the same ().
A. go further and want to be poor.
B. I want to go to the next level.
C. if you are poor, you will be immune to it, and if you are rich, you will help the world.
D. I heard how strange the backcountry is.
Answer: c (unsuccessful; A, after leaving; B. browse; D, poverty)
5. Select the item with the same meaning as "View" in "View Four Wastes" ()
A. Cao Jun officials and scholars are all out of this camp.
B. The tide in Zhejiang is a big world view.
C there are thousands of peach trees in Du Xuan pass, all of which were planted after Liu lang left.
D. Guanfu Baling wins in Dongting Lake.
Answer: a (watch; B, the scene; C. Taoist temple; D, appreciation)
6. One of the following words with the same usage is ()
The fragrance and luster are mixed together.
Zi zi tong ze
I sighed for a long time and dried my tears.
Unexpectedly, Zhou Rong thought it was a measure.
Use your carriage.
I love you very much, but I believe you.
The fragrance and luster are mixed together.
Fang Feifei's seal
Show quality without loss
Bu Ma Yu in Xi, Gao Lan
We will go along this line.
Yujie pigeon Xi
Answer: C(A dirty/underwear; B and/put/use; Wei Zai/Fu/Tong "Xu")
7. In the sentence "Although he died nine times", choose the sentence with the same usage as "Although" as ().
Although it is important to the government, the canal will never be missed.
B. Although you understand me, you haven't changed.
C. Although the old woman is weak, please go home at night.
D. although the street pavilion is small, it is very important.
Answer: b
Promotion issues:
8. Read the following poem. Answer the question.
The purity of the past three times is where the public is;
Zanthoxylum bungeanum and auricularia auricula are mixed, is it only husband?
Peter Yaoshun's Geng Jiexi, both by the way and by the way;
He Jie is often embarrassed, and her husband only takes shortcuts step by step;
However, couples steal happiness, and the road is dangerous;
I am afraid of the rest of my body and Huang Yu's defeat;
Suddenly ran to Xi, and the heel of the former king;
I don't care how I feel, but I get angry when I believe it.
Gu Yu knew it was painful, but he couldn't give up.
Refers to the positive nine days, zork;
(1) The incorrect interpretation of the following words is ()
A. purity: refers to virtue B. sewing: forming.
C. Geng Jie: integrity D. Heel martial arts: heel; Footprints.
(2) The attached words in the following sentences have the same meanings as those in modern Chinese: ()
A. He Jiezhi is very embarrassed.
B: My husband only takes shortcuts and embarrassments.
C. Wei Fudang steals music and the road is dangerous.
D. I am afraid of other parts of my body and the failure of the emperor.
(3) One of the following translation errors is ()
A. where is the solid incense?
It turned out that the sages gathered around them.
B.follow the road and you'll get to the road.
Take the right path and the road will be smooth.
C.i don't care about the rest.
You have no idea what I really mean.
D. Gu Yu knows that these tricks are harmful.
I always knew that telling the truth would bring disaster.
(4) Please summarize the main points of these excerpts:
.
A: 1, c ("Geng": Guangming Jie: Da) 2, c ("Narrow Pass": Dangerous and Narrow) 3, c (All: It should refer to the king) 4. Its main purpose is to show the poet's noble integrity in pursuing American politics and sincere advice, and to express his feelings of caring for the country and the people, loving his post and being dedicated.
9. Read the following poem and answer the following questions.
There are many people who have inner beauty and attach importance to (chóng, plus) cultivating their own abilities (rich talents). The names of Hu (Piti) (the name) and Bi (the name of' You') are thought to be Pei (Lian), but they are the owners of the continent (the name of plants is strong). The sun and the moon suddenly do not flood (stay for a long time); Spring and autumn are in succession, but (thinking) the vegetation is scattered and the beauty (jade princess) is afraid of dying. Don't (that is, "why not") caress (hug) strongly and abandon filth. Why not change this degree (attitude)? Take a horse at a gallop and come (according to your own words) on my way (leading) my husband.
(Excerpted from Li Sao)
(1). One word added in the following poem is ().
A. I have both inner beauty and inner beauty: inner beauty.
B.only the grass is scattered: falling, falling.
C. fear of the disappearance of beauty: late means darkness.
D. don't care about the strong, abandon filth and care about the strong: take advantage of the years of the strong.
(2). The correct addition sentence in the following poems is ()
(1) and more important than repair.
(2) I am not afraid of age.
(3) Threading Qiu Lin thinks she is admirable.
(4) Hire Xi by hitchhiking.
A.① with ②, ③ with ④.
B ① is the same as ②, ③ is different from ④.
C 1 is different from C 2, and C 3 is the same as C 4.
D 1 is different from 2, and 3 is different from 4.
(3) Misunderstanding of excerpts from some poems ()
A. Write three or four sentences about wearing orchids to show that you can learn from others.
B. Seven or eight sentences mean that I climbed the mountain early and arrived in Zhou Ze in the evening. The plants I picked were fragrant, strong and durable, indicating that I was diligent in Xiu De, and all my actions were loyal, kind and long-lasting.
C "no" in thirteen sentences means "why not", and "why not" in fourteen sentences is intertextual. Why didn't the king seize the prime of life and abandon evil and do good?
D. the excerpt part expresses the poet's feeling that his ambition is hard to pay because of the passage of time.
Answer: (1) c (referring to the old 2)D(① 2) d (1) pronoun, 2) used between the subject and the predicate to eliminate sentence independence, 3) using 4 as a conjunction is equivalent to "er" (3) D (describing one's lofty aspirations as a child).
Innovation problem:
10. Read the following poem and complete (1)(2). A hard trek
You walk, walk, walk all the time, thus separating your life from mine. Since then, you and I have traveled thousands of miles, I am in heaven, and you are in heaven. The road is blocked and long, knowing it's safe! North Malaysia is still attached to the north wind, south birds fly north, and nest in the south branch. The longer they are apart, the wider they become and the thinner they become. Clouds cover the sun, and wanderers ignore it. Just because I want you to age me, another year will soon end. There are many other things to say, just wish you take care of yourself and don't be hungry and cold.
[Note] This is