Transferred from the ancient poetry network
By the time the poet was appointed as the censor in the third year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (849), the Tang Dynasty was "dying". One autumn evening, he boarded the Gu Lou in Xianyang to enjoy the scenery, only to see the sun setting, dark clouds rolling and a cool breeze blowing gently ... The poet's sadness and homesickness, grief over the past and feelings of hurting the present came to mind and intertwined, so he improvised this song with unique meaning and beautiful style (called "East Building of Xianyang City")-
"As soon as I boarded this high Xianyang West Building, I felt endless sorrow in my heart; In front of me, flowers and green willows pile up smoke, just like the hometown of Yunshui sandbank. Twilight clouds gradually climb over the Xihe River, and the sun sets at the edge of Cifu Temple. The sudden cool breeze filled the West Wing, and a Shan Yu came. Birds fled into the green bushes in the forbidden park in panic; Cold and sad, dead tung hiding in the deep palace. Those who stay here, don't ask about the past of the old dynasty! On the ruins of the Qin and Han Dynasties, only Weishui still flows eastward as before ... "
The poet's first couplet is entitled "High City", which refers to the West Tower of Xianyang City. The old city of Xianyang is in the northwest of Xi 'an, which was called Chang 'an in Han Dynasty, and the capital of Qin and Han Dynasties was built here. During the Sui Dynasty, it moved to the southeast to establish a new city, namely Chang 'an, Tang Dou. Xianyang Old Town faces Chang 'an across the Weihe River; "Zanjian", that is, reed (Zanjian, Zandi; Jia, Lu), secretly expressed his thoughts with poems in The Book of Songs; "Tingzhou" means that the poet's hometown is in Jiangnan. As soon as the poet boarded the Xianyang Tower, he looked south. Smoke cages cover willows in the distance, much like Tingzhou in the Yangtze River. The poet went to Chang 'an, far from his hometown. As soon as he got on the boat, he was homesick. Willow is actually a little like Jiangnan. Wan Li's sorrow began with homesickness: "First" means that the time to trigger the poet's emotion is short and instant, "Wan Li" means that the space for sorrow is far and wide, and the word "sorrow" lays the tone of the whole poem. The brushwork is deep, the scenery is sad, and the feeling of desolation and desolation comes out immediately, which has far-reaching significance and great potential.
The poem written by Zhuan Xu, looking into the future in the evening, has far-reaching implications: "Xi" refers to Panxi, "Ge" refers to Cifu Temple, and the poet himself notes: "Panxi in the south and Cifu Temple Pavilion in the west." In the evening, when the poet boarded the tower, he saw the Panxi River shrouded in clouds and dusk, and the red color was getting lighter and lighter. The sunset overlapped with the shadow of the Cifu Temple Pavilion, as if falling near the temple pavilion. On the occasion of the beautiful scenery at the beginning of this sunset, the cool breeze suddenly rises, and the West Building of Xianyang is suddenly bathed in the piercing wind, and a Shan Yu is on the way. This is a copy of the natural scenery and a vivid outline of the decline of the Tang Dynasty, vividly revealing the real reason for the poet's "Wan Li's sorrow". Yun Qi is sinking, full of wind and rain, and the movement is clear; "The wind is the head of the rain" has a profound meaning. This couplet is often used to describe the tense atmosphere before major events, and it is a famous sentence sung through the ages.
The necklace couplet is a close-up of the night, and the truth and the reality are in harmony: Shan Yu comes, birds flee into the green grass everywhere in panic, and Qiu Chan mourns and hides in the yellow leaf forest. These are the real scenes in front of the poet. The "Qinyuan" and "Han Palace", which have already disappeared, give people endless associations-the forbidden garden and the deep palace, and now the green fields are everywhere and the yellow leaves are full of forests; Only birds and insects are singing, but they don't know the ups and downs. The evolution of history, the change of dynasties and the vicissitudes of the world have pushed the poet's sorrow from "Wan Li" to "eternity", and the virtual scene and the real scene are superimposed, and the feeling of mourning for the past arises spontaneously.
Knot at the end and blend in with the scenery: "pedestrians", passers-by. Generally refers to the recruitment of past generations of wanderers, including authors; "Old country" refers to Xianyang, the old capital of Qin and Han Dynasties; "East" means that the poet (not Wei Shui) comes from the East. Finally, the poet sighed with emotion: don't ask the question of the rise and fall of Qin and Han Dynasties! When I came to Xianyang, my old country, I couldn't even find the ruins. Only weishui still flows as before. The word "Mo Wen" is not a word of exhortation, but a thought-provoking word, which allows readers to draw historical lessons from the sad and decadent natural scenery; A word "flow" implies a feeling of regret that is difficult to save. In the scene of "Wei Shui Dong Liu" without words, the poet's sadness of homesickness and sadness of feeling the past and hurting the present are integrated, which is euphemistic, implicit and sad.
The whole poem is full of scenes and emotions, and the poet endows abstract feelings with shapes through the description of scenery, which not only presents natural scenery, but also embodies rich life experience and profound thinking about history and reality. The scenery is beautiful and the feelings are sad, which means that the scenery is desolate and the territory is vast and lofty. Full of pride, he is the leader of the late Tang Dynasty!