Jiān jiā is ash, and the Millennium is frost. The so-called Iraqis are on the water side.
As a result, the road is blocked and long. Swim back from it, in the middle of the water
It's been a long time, and it hasn't changed for thousands of years. The so-called Iraqis are in the water (méi).
Go back and follow, the road is blocked (jι). Go upstream and drown in the water (a small piece of land in the water).
Jia Cai, peace and prosperity have not passed. The so-called Iraqis are in the water.
Go back and follow, the road is blocked and turn right. From its upstream, swim in the water (zhǐ).
translate
The reeds on the river bank are blue, and the dew in late autumn condenses into frost.
The person I miss day and night is on the other side of the river.
Pursuing her against the current is a long and arduous journey.
Look downstream, it seems to be in the middle of the water.
The reeds are lush by the river, and the dew is not dry in the morning.
My ghost is on the other side of the river.
Sailing against the current to pursue her, the road is bumpy and difficult to climb.
Look downstream, it seems to be in the middle of the sandbar.
The reeds by the river are more lush, and the Millennium still lingers in the morning.
The person I'm after is on the other side of the river.
Sailing against the current to pursue her, the road is difficult and circuitous.
Looking downstream, it seems to be a sandbar in the water.
Writing background
There have always been different opinions about the content of this poem. To sum up, there are three main arguments: one is the theory of "stabbing Xianggong". "Preface to Mao's Poems" says: "Jia Xu, stab Xiang Gong also. If Zhou Li cannot be used, the country cannot be consolidated. " Su, a modern man, explained in The Book of Songs: "The so-called sage on the water side is a metaphor for the ritual system of the Zhou Dynasty. If you run the country against the rites in the Book of Rites, then "the Tao will be long if it is blocked", "the Tao will be broken" and "the Tao will be right", that is, it cannot be done and cannot be cured. If you follow Zhou Zhili, it will be in the water and in the water. " "Water swimming" means that there is hope for governing the country. "The second is" recruiting talents ". Both Yao Jiheng's General Theory of the Book of Songs and Fang Yurun's Primitive Book of Songs are poems that introduce sages. "Yiren" means "sages": "sages live in seclusion on the waterfront, but people want to see them." Or, saying, "You don't follow the path of seeking seclusion, and hermits avoid it." The third is the theory of "love". Today, Lan Juyou, Fan, Gao Ting, Lu Huiwen and others all hold "love songs". For example, Lu Huiwen said: "This is a love song, and the poet is in trouble because the lover he is pursuing is out of reach. It is an implicit metaphor to say that the river is impassable. "
Because the original writing method of this poem can't be verified, and the reference of "Iraqi" in the poem is also difficult to gain credit, it is difficult to draw a conclusion on the above three theories. Here, let's take it as a love poem.
Jia Jian belongs to Qin Feng. When Wang Xiaoshi was in Zhou Dynasty, Fei Zi, the ancestor of Qin State, was sealed in Qin Valley (now Tianshui, Gansu). When Wang Ping moved eastward, Qin Xianggong was escorted by troops and got a large fief in the west of Qishan. Later, Qin gradually moved eastward, all in Yong (now Xingping, Shaanxi). The Qin area includes the area from Guanzhong of Shaanxi to southeastern Gansu. Qin Feng * * * ten articles, mostly folk songs in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.
short review
"Acacia was written in ancient times, and there is no such thing as' Jiaxu'."
The so-called acacia, hope but not, see but not; Although you work hard and give everything you want, you will never get it. So the faint feelings are beyond words. I smell string songs, and the string stops and the sound is in my ears; After reading "Jia Jian" today, the article stops here, and the rest of my feelings never leave.
A reed, a reed, a wandering thing, swaying with the wind, but stopping at its roots, if it floats, if it stops, if it has nothing. Infinite thoughts, wandering in a trance, worrying about the roots. Roots, love also. Acacia is not as good as acacia Exposed to things, disappeared in an instant. Buddha said: Everything has its own way, like a dream. If dew is like electricity, it should be seen this way; Love is a thing, illusory and shapeless. Zhuangzi said: "Happiness comes from the air and steam it into bacteria." . That makes sense. Dew condenses into frost. Earth, air and body fluid are born from the ground, and thin and cold are frost. Beauty is not available, so lovesickness is very beneficial and affectionate. So it is called "not yet" and "not yet". Although you can't get it, you will suffer. Don't ask for it, love never leaves! This lovesickness is the most bitter!
Love is tied to the so-called Iraqi people. However, on the water side, I don't know where it is. Jia Changjiang has a poem: "But which corner of the mountain, how do I know, through all these clouds?" "If a husband is happy, he will ask for something, so he waded through the water though he didn't know where he was. It is called "back to back" and "back to back", which is also up and down. Moreover, the road twists and turns are hard to find, which is really a "up, he looks for green vanity, down, and the grave." But in the end, "but he failed, and in two places, he didn't find the person he was looking for", but the pursuer was a phantom cloud, hidden from the mirror and would not be available.
Acacia is beneficial, just like the shadow in front, within reach, but out of reach. The phrase "everything is in the middle of the water" is as long as the sound of a broken string. Every time I read this, I can't help but rejoice, sigh, complain and cry!
hierarchy configuration
This poem has three overlapping chapters, and each chapter can be divided into four levels:
The first two sentences show a picture of the autumn river: in the early morning of late autumn, autumn water is dense, reeds are green, dewdrops are bright and crystal clear as frost. This state is slightly sad in emptiness and loneliness, so it plays a good role in rendering the atmosphere and setting off the artistic conception of the persistent pursuit and elusive love expressed in the poem.
Three or four sentences tell the central image of the poem: the lyric hero strolls by the river and stares at the "Iraqi people" on the other side of the river. This "Iraqi" is the one he misses day and night. "Being on the water side" is isolated from the world, which means to pursue difficulties and produce an unattainable realm. Although the lyric hero is eager to see through the autumn water and pursue it persistently, "Iraqis" are full of fog. This is hard to see, so there are helpless emotions and empty and melancholy feelings in the poem.
The following four sentences are two levels of juxtaposition, describing two different scenes on the water side. "Going back to the shore, the road is long, but it's Xiu Yuan" is a description of the dilemma when chasing against the current: endless difficulties and obstacles, endless journey, and inaccessible signposts. "Swim downstream in the middle of the water" is the illusion of tracing downstream: the journey is smooth everywhere, the Iraqis are always there, but in the end they can't get close. There are both upstream and downstream, and the significance of pursuing and persisting can be seen; Either the dilemma is difficult to reach, or the illusion is difficult to approach. After all, it is impossible, and the deeper the disappointment. At this point, the situation that Iraqis never dreamed of has been concretely and fully demonstrated.
There are three chapters in the whole poem, and only a few words are changed in each chapter, which not only plays the artistic effect of repeating chapters and sentences, chanting repeatedly, singing three times and sighing three times, but also plays the role of constantly promoting poetry. From "The White Dew is Frost" to "The White Dew is Not Wet" and then to "The White Dew is Not Already", this is the passage of time, symbolizing the long-term gaze and pursuit of the lyric hero; From "on the water side" to "on the water side", then to "on the water side", from "in the middle of the water", to "on the water side" and then to "on the water side", this is a change of location and symbolizes the elusive Iraqi people. From "the road is blocked and long" to "the road is blocked and broken" and then to "the road is blocked and right", it is the repeated rendering of the difficulties in the pursuit process that highlights the indomitable spirit of the lyric hero. Repeating chapter by chapter and advancing layer by layer is a common form of folk songs in The Book of Songs. The poem also skillfully uses words such as "gray" and "sadness" to make the whole text have both sound and emotion.
Content review
If the "Iraqi" in the poem is regarded as a lover, then this poem shows the melancholy mood of the lyric hero's persistent pursuit of good love. The spirit is precious and the feelings are sincere, but the result is slim and the situation is sad.
But the most valuable and striking thing about this poem is not the pursuit and loss of the lyric hero, but the artistic conception of "being on the water side" created by him, which has universal significance. Good poetry can create artistic conception. Artistic conception is a pattern and a structure, which has the performance of containing all heterogeneous things with similar patterns and structures. The structure of On the Water is: chasing troops-rivers-Iraqis. Because the "Iraqi people" in the poem has no specific reference, and the meaning of the river lies in the barrier, all the pursuits that are difficult to achieve because of being blocked in the world can be isomorphic and resonate here.
From this point of view, we might as well understand the poetry of the novel as a symbol and take On the Water as an artistic paradigm to express all the difficulties in social life. The "Iraqis" here can be talents, friends, lovers, achievements, ideals, prospects, and even blessed land, holy land and heaven; The "river" here can be high mountains and deep valleys, patriarchal clan system and ethics, or any other obstacles that may be encountered in real life. As long as there are pursuits, obstacles and disappointments, it is the world that it reproduces and expresses. In this way, the ancients interpreted it as persuading people to follow the etiquette, recruiting talents and cherishing talents. Today, people regard it as a love poem, and some even regard it as an ancestor worship ceremony of ancient water gods. I'm afraid there is some truth. It seems inappropriate to stick to one family and exclude others, because they are all included in the symbolic meaning of "on the water side"
Naturally, when we are in a situation similar to "on the water side", we should appreciate its keen pursuit, not its pessimistic disappointment.
This poem creates a hazy, fresh and mysterious artistic conception with images such as water, reed, frost and dew. The morning mist covers everything, and the crystal dew has condensed into frost. A shy girl walked slowly. The water image in the poem represents women and embodies the beauty of women, and the thin mist is like a veil covered by a girl. She appeared at the water's edge, and then on the land of water. I can't find it, and my anxious and helpless mood itches like an ant crawling and hurts like a knife cutting. As we often say, "distance produces beauty", this kind of beauty becomes hazy, fuzzy and unclear because of distance. The identities, faces and spatial positions of the protagonist and the Iraqi people are vague, giving people a vague, looming and hazy feeling. Sword armor, white dew, Iraqi people and autumn water are becoming more and more elusive, forming a hazy and elegant watercolor painting. At the beginning of each chapter of the poem, the brushwork of seeing interest in fu is adopted. Through the description and admiration of the real scene in front of me, I drew an ethereal artistic conception that enveloped the whole article. The poet grasps the uniqueness of autumn colors, and repeatedly depicts and renders the empty and sad atmosphere in late autumn, so as to express the poet's disappointment but ardent yearning for his friends. The first two sentences of each chapter are inspired by autumn scenery, which leads to the text. It not only points out the season and time, but also renders the desolate atmosphere, which sets off the melancholy mood of the characters and reaches the artistic situation of blending scenes. The three images of "Jiaxu", "Water" and "Arbitrary" complement each other and blend into one, and the things for fun and the things described constitute a complete artistic world. At the beginning, the scene of reeds growing by the water in autumn is exactly "expressing meaning with images" and has the role of "passion" Because of the reed, and under the reflection of the sky and water, it is bound to present a state of confusion, showing the realm of "hazy love" in the hero's heart from one side. Wang Fuzhi's "Jiang Zhai Shi Hua" said: "Those who care about the current situation are also self-interested and beneficial to others. Although the scene is divided into heart and object. Scenery gives birth to emotions, emotions give birth to scenery, touch sadness and joy, welcome honor and disgrace, and hide in each other's homes. " The poem "Jin Jia" is to fuse the unique scenery in late autumn with the euphemistic and melancholy lovesickness of the characters, thus rendering the atmosphere of the whole poem and creating a confusing artistic conception. This is exactly the sentence "All scenery and words are sentimental". The rich aesthetic feeling of the poem "Jiaxu" deserves our attention from the perspective of appreciation and creation.