The following words are all based on the word "look" and are coherent. Roy: Wan Shanhong; Close look: Man Jiang Bi Tou; Look up: the eagle hits the sky directly; Look down: the fish smells shallow. The distance is high and low, and all eyes are closed.
This is a three-dimensional autumn color map full of movement, strength and color. This is the unity of subject and object, and it is also the spread of strong personality color that expresses the soul alone! A "struggle", a "blow" and an "Xiang" are full of drastic changes and hardships. The dazzling autumn colors also turn static into dynamic, revealing tenacious life motivation. The first is depth: the mountain red is "everywhere" and the river blue is "everywhere"; Secondly, the number is large: there are tens of thousands of mountains, many layers of forests, and hundreds of them; The third is the intensity of emotions: red and green are competing for glory, and ships are scrambling.
-Gorgeous dividing line.
Attached are two appreciation poems for your understanding.
The scenery of uptown is from far and near, from high to low, from static to dynamic. It also contains words describing colors, which makes the whole autumn scenery colorful. The use of several verbs, such as "strike", "Xiang" and "competition"
Wanshan Mountain is full of magnificent autumn scenery.
Aesthetically speaking, sublime beauty is manifested in the external aspect, which is embodied in magnificent scenes such as tall, vast, majestic and magnificent. German philosopher Kant divided sublimity into two categories: mathematical sublimity, such as the volume of mountains; The sublimity of mechanics, such as the momentum of a storm. Chernyshevski, a famous Russian literary critic, also said: "One thing is much bigger than everything compared with it, and that is sublime." Confucius also linked "greatness" with sublimity and praised: "greatness! Yao is the king. This is embarrassing, only the sky is big, this is just embarrassing. " This kind of sublimity, broadness and magnificence is vividly reflected in the description of mountains and rivers in Chairman Mao's poems. Qinyuanchun Changsha is one of the masterpieces.
The first half of the word focuses on scenery. "Independent cold autumn, Xiangjiang North, Orange Island." From the beginning, the author put himself in the broad background of autumn water and sky. At the same time, it also brings readers into a lofty realm of late autumn. Looking from a distance: "The mountains are all red and the forests are all dyed." The author not only saw the maple forest in Yuelu Mountain in front of him, but also thought of Cotinus coggygria in Xiangshan, Beijing, and countless mountains in the motherland that changed from green to red, such as Ubuntu, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Acer, Quercus, Pistacia chinensis, and so on. Mountains and layers of trees let the god of nature touch the colored pens, making them dizzy and more beautiful than the spring flowers that smile in February. Close-up: "The river is overflowing, and a hundred people are fighting for it." Autumn water is clear, Jiang Bibo is in autumn, and the Xiangjiang River at the foot is more crystal clear in autumn, such as green jade and transparent crystal. On the river, Qian Fan is fighting for hair and crossing, silent and full of vitality. Looking up, "the eagle hits the sky", the cloudless autumn sky in Wan Li, and the eagle is brave and strong, flying freely. Looking from afar, "the fish is fragrant and shallow", because of the transparency and shallow bottom of the river, the fish are swinging their fins and swimming at will. In just four short poems, the author depicts a three-dimensional and vast south of Wan Li with colorful autumn colors, just like Guan Shanyue, a famous contemporary Lingnan painter, with colorful landscapes. It is worthy of being the masterpieces of "driving the mountains and setting your eyes on the sea" (Li Bai's "Dangtu Zhao Yan Shaofu's Painting Landscape Songs") and "Talking about Wan Li" (Du Fu's "Song of Wang Zai's Painting Landscape Pictures"). It and the northern scenery described in the author's other poem "Spring and Snow in Qinyuan" are unprecedented panoramic landscapes in classical poetry.
A glorious period in the prime of life
The sublime beauty is manifested in the inner aspect, which is the reflection of a great and noble mind. Ron Girnus of ancient Rome put forward that sublimity is "the echo of a great mind" in his article On Sublime. The second half of the word focuses on lyricism, which is the expression of this great spiritual echo. This expression is first obtained through memory.
"I took a hundred couples to travel and recall the past years." The author thinks of walking, swimming and talking about world events with classmates and friends, and recalls that unforgettable eventful autumn.
This word was written in the late autumn of 1925. This is when Comrade Mao Zedong left Hunan for Guangzhou, which was the center of the revolution. From 19 1 1 to 1925, Comrade Mao Zedong studied, worked and engaged in revolutionary activities in Changsha for many times. During this period, many important events occurred at home and abroad, such as the Revolution of 1911, the First World War, the October Revolution in Russia, the May 4th Movement, and the establishment of the China * * * Production Party. , are all major changes affecting the world situation. Such years are like towering peaks in the mountains of history.
"Just classmates and teenagers, in their prime; The scholar was furious and cursed Fang Qiu. " In these troubled times, the author and his classmates, such as Cai Hesen, He Shuheng, Zhang Kundi and other intellectual youths who are determined to save the country, are full of youth, brilliance, vigor and enthusiasm. The poet skillfully used the artistic conception in Zhuangzi Tian Zifang that "as a human being, one can look up to the sky, dive into the grave, swing the octupole and keep the spirit unchanged" to describe the free and unrestrained mind of young people in the new era liberated from the shackles of old ideas. (Free and unrestrained. Fang Qiu is also full of vigor and vitality. In the past, some people interpreted "reprimand" as a critical refutation and "Fang Qiu" as an expert authority, which is inaccurate. )
"Pointing the way, making bold remarks, manure was in Wan Huhou that year." This is the further concretization of "eventful years" and "reprimanding Fang Qiu". Faced with the beautiful scenery of "all mountains are red all over the place", they not only admire the magnificence of splendid rivers and mountains, but also lament the destruction of great rivers and mountains. Therefore, he published an article to set things right, attacking the darkness, preaching the truth, and despising the "Wan Huhou" at that time-warlords were like dirt. During this period, comrades organized Hunan Students' Federation and Xinmin Society in Changsha, set up evening classes for civilians, cultural bookstores and self-study universities in Hunan, participated in activities against Yuan Shikai's claim to be emperor, and led the expulsion of Zhang and other warlords. In particular, the establishment of Xiangjiang Review and Marxist Research Association made ideological and organizational preparations for the establishment of the China * * * production party in 192 1. These are not only the specific contents of "pointing out the mountains and rivers, inspiring words, and shit is Wan Huhou in those days", but also the background of writing this word. Understanding this background will help us to further understand the beautiful light of the revolutionary's lofty mind shining in his ci.
Hit the water in the middle of the stream, and the cloud in the tube.
"Young people should take the cloud to heart." (Li He's "To Drink") The poet and his companions' worries about taking clouds, from "traveling with a hundred couples" to "Wan Huhou's past", can be said to be straightforward, surging down like the Yangtze River, magnificent and stirring. At the end, "hitting the water in the middle stream, stopping the boat and not flying" is a symbolic way, vividly expressing the lofty aspirations of a generation of revolutionary youth.
"The mid-stream hits the water, and the waves stop the flying boat." One explanation is that "hitting the water" means swimming and rowing hard in the rapids, and the waves even stop the fast-moving boat. I always feel that this artistic conception is not in line with the author's spirit of advocating "hundreds of battles and streams". I prefer the transformation of "mid-stream hitting water", that is, "mid-stream hitting water". Biography of Zu Ti in the Book of Jin:' Zu Ti can't clear the Central Plains, and those who help others are like great rivers! Later, Zhong Liu Jing became synonymous with vowing to revive the motherland. Here, it is said that the poet should ride the wind and waves in the tide of the new era, go forward bravely, and swear to revitalize China's lofty aspirations and lofty sentiments. After reading it, people seem to hear a heart that loves their country and hometown, and they are pounding, thus feeling the sublime beauty reflected by a great heart.
The artistic expression of China's classical poetry attaches great importance to the blending of scenes. Liu Xie said: "If the taste is complex and indifferent, it will be light." (Wen Xin Diao Long) Xie Zhen said: "Landscape is the medium of poetry, and love is the embryo of poetry; It is a poem, a few words are unified, and the vitality is endless. " The word "Poem Four Styles" has reached the realm of well integrating scenes.
In the first half of the year, although he focused on the scenery, he was full of feelings in the scenery. "The mountains are all red and the forests are all dyed" is not only a portrayal of the surrounding maple forests, but also a reflection of the poet's fiery revolutionary feelings. Red symbolizes revolution, fire and light. "Mountains and plains" is a vivid expression of the author's thought that "a single spark can start a prairie fire" and an optimistic vision for the revolution and the future of the motherland. "The eagle strikes the sky, the fish jumps shallowly, and ten thousand kinds of frost fight for freedom" is the author's yearning and pursuit for freedom and liberation. The sigh of "melancholy, ask the boundless earth, who is in charge of ups and downs" directly shifts from writing scenery to lyric, which naturally brings out the lyric movement in the second half.
Although the second half focuses on lyricism, there is no lack of scenery in it. Recalling the past eventful years describes the years in an eventful, novel and vivid way, turning the intangible extraordinary years into tangible towering peaks, giving people lofty beauty. "The mid-stream hits the water, and the waves stop the flying boat" is also a magnificent picture of bravely breaking the waves. It can be said that the sublime beauty of Qinyuanchun Changsha is interwoven with emotion as the warp and scenery as the weft. It not only enables us to enjoy the artistic enjoyment of magnificent autumn scenery, but also draws confidence and strength from the poet's passionate revolutionary feelings.
-Gorgeous dividing line.
Appreciate people who have extraordinary interests and lofty aspirations throughout the ages, often look at things and express their ambitions generously. Especially when we look at the world, we find the best breakthrough, whether orally or in writing, with the hardships of life, the worries of society and the feelings of great changes in heaven and earth accumulated for a long time. For example, Cao Cao's "Short Songs" expressed his ambition; Chen Ziang went to Youzhou Taiwan, and ten thousand paragraphs became "Before me, where were those lost times?" Behind me, where are the future generations? "I think of heaven and earth, there is no limit, there is no end, I am alone, my tear drops is coming"; Du Fu sang "The fallen leaves are like waterfalls, and I see the long river rolling in", lamenting that luck is bad and life is short. There are countless such masterpieces. Compared with the masterpieces of the ancients, this poem by Mao Zedong has a broad realm, great momentum and deeper philosophy, which achieves the best combination of beauty and strength. The first paragraph of the word outlines a magnificent and vibrant autumn picture. The first three sentences, "Independent cold autumn, Xiangjiang River going north, Orange Island", are like a close-up of a movie: I am standing in Orange Island, covered with a cold and dignified atmosphere, and the Xiangjiang River flowing north is at my feet. It not only points out the season, place and environment, but also makes a very natural foreshadowing for the following description.
The following words are all based on the word "look" and are coherent. Roy: Wan Shanhong; Close look: Man Jiang Bi Tou; Look up: the eagle hits the sky directly; Look down: the fish smells shallow. The distance is high and low, and all eyes are closed.
This is a three-dimensional autumn color map full of movement, strength and color. This is the unity of subject and object, and it is also the spread of strong personality color that expresses the soul alone! A "struggle", a "blow" and an "Xiang" are full of drastic changes and hardships. The dazzling autumn colors also turn static into dynamic, revealing tenacious life motivation. The first is depth: the mountain red is "everywhere" and the river blue is "everywhere"; Secondly, the number is large: there are tens of thousands of mountains, many layers of forests, and hundreds of them; The third is the intensity of emotions: red and green compete for glory, ships compete for the first place, eagles compete with eagles for profit, and even fish in the water compete with eagles for profit. Of course, it is the poet who injects his passion into everything, so that the scenery he writes is infected with the author's personality. In particular, the phrase "ten thousand kinds of frosts strive for freedom" turns reality into nothingness and is the same kind, sublimates artistic conception into unfathomable but endless cosmic consciousness, and shines with the brilliance of philosophy. Scholars are extremely sensitive to the changes of the four seasons, but their views and observation methods on the same natural phenomenon are quite different, so their feelings are different. Most of the literati's descriptions of autumn are sad and hurtful, but Liu Yuxi's "Two Poems on Autumn" sings a new meaning: "Autumn has been sad and lonely since ancient times, and I say autumn wins the spring tide. On the clear sky and the clouds, it brings poetry to Bixiao. " However, by contrast, the word Mao Zedong is more magnificent and broader. He not only described the color and rhythm of autumn, but also revealed that autumn strives for the soul-after all, he is a great man. Looking at the whole word, it is enough to see that Mao Zedong did not inherit the past, but inherited more transcendental talents and feelings. At this point, the poet's brushstroke turned sharply, turning the scenery into emotion; "Loneliness, ask the vast earth, who is in charge of ups and downs?" Have you thought about this question? Has he thought about it? Have other great men thought about it? No. But Mao Zedong thought about it and asked this question. This is a century problem that dominates historical destiny. You know, Mao Zedong was only 32 years old!
The last paragraph reads "Today's Tour"; It describes the relationship between man and nature. The next paragraph is the memory of A Journey to the Past, which expresses the relationship between the little "me" and a radical group. Swimming alone is a bit lonely. When I swim with my friends, my life is so full and rich. Changsha, in the poet's life journey, is the initial stage of social life and the magnificent stage of revolutionary struggle. "Days of Prosperity" is a highly artistic summary of past study and battle review. The poet's attention is not on the game scenery, but on pointing out the historical mission, judging the revolutionary situation at that time and thinking about China's revolutionary leadership. When recalling the past years, the water of feelings suddenly formed a river tide that beat the sky, so here are six short sentences triggered by the word "Gang": "Just a classmate and teenager, in full bloom; Scholar spirit, Fang Qiu. With the development of words and expressions, the mood is getting more and more intense, and an earth-shattering and deafening strong voice generate comes out: "The soil is the Wan Huhou of that year"! ! Reading here, we can easily see how heroic and majestic the poet's spirit is. And the suffix is meaningful. " Do you remember that you hit the water in the middle stream and the waves stopped the flying boat? "This question echoes the previous question, but also answers the previous question: it is these heroes who" hit the water in the middle stream "who represent the new force of" main ups and downs "at this point, and the whole word is thought-provoking and memorable.
Image is a term in China's classical aesthetics, including meaning and image. The meaning here refers to the thoughts and feelings of the creative subject, and the image here refers to the objective image as the creative object. The image of poetry is the fusion of the poet's thoughts and feelings and objective images, while the artistic conception is the artistic realm of poetry created by the combination of various images. Mao Zedong's "Qinyuanchun Changsha" is not only rich in content, but also magnificent, with magnificent pictures, magnificent images and lofty artistic conception. The author thinks that if we appreciate this word from the perspective of image beauty, we may find another way to accurately grasp the ideological content and artistic characteristics of this word.
The image beauty of the word "Qinyuanchun Changsha" is highlighted in the choice of scenery. The author has a broad vision, and the selected scenery is either vast, magnificent or majestic. Take the word "look" as an example. There are "layers of forests" in the mountains, "hundred ge" in the river, eagles in the air and fish in the water. Judging from the state of the scenery, there are static flaming maple forests, as well as dynamic "rushing" and "rushing" and so on. The author from a distance to a close view, from looking up to looking down, the sky is high and wide, the mountains are red and the water is green, "cage the heavens and the earth in shape, and frustrate everything in writing" (Lu Ji's Wen Fu).
The author's choice of scenery is largely restricted by his conception, and the poems of ancient literati such as "mourning for autumn", "hurting autumn" and "sighing autumn" are determined by their specific meanings. For example, Ma Zhiyuan's "Tianjingsha Qiu Si" implies that heartbroken people are at the end of the world, and the images chosen are naturally dead vines, old trees, faint crows and thin horses. Du Fu's "Climbing to the Top" bases its meaning on "Wan Li mourns autumn" and "coming through all the hardships", and the images taken naturally cannot be separated from "mourning for apes" and "falling trees". Mao Zedong's ideas are positive and enterprising, and the "elephants" he takes are naturally vibrant scenery, such as mountains, layered forests, white doves, eagles, swimming fish and so on.
The image beauty of the word "Qinyuanchun Changsha" is also reflected in the expression of images. The choice of image is very important, but the expression of image should be more ingenious. The image in the poet's works should not be an objective sketch, but an "animated image" (Kandi). In order to "inject" more vitality into the objective images selected in Qinyuanchun Changsha, Mao Zedong attaches great importance to the expression of images, such as a group of image group headed by the word "look" in Shanghai Beach, in which "all mountains are red" and "all forests are dyed". The poet not only shows the beauty of static scenery of mountains, red, water and green, but also deliberately describes the dynamic magnificence of things. The word "struggle" in "Hundred Struggles" adds a high-spirited and enterprising atmosphere to the green and dust-free river surface, vividly showing the warm scene of Qian Fan's struggle for beauty. Because of the use of two creative and expressive verbs "strike" and "Xiang" in "Eagle Strikes the Sky", it accurately and vividly depicts the agility of the eagle flying in the sky of Wan Li and the joy and freedom of the fish swimming in the crystal clear river. If "strike" and "Xiang" are replaced by "fly" and "swim", the agility of an eagle when it spreads its wings and flies cannot be expressed. The poet's use of the word "quiet" in "Ten Thousand Frosts Fight for Freedom" strongly highlights the vitality of everything in the cold autumn, making people feel the poet's infinite love for nature and sincere praise.
The image beauty of the word Qinyuanchun Changsha is manifested in the combination of images. The connotation of poetic artistic conception is not only contained in one image, but also reflected in the combination of images. When creating poems, poets often combine single images into organic, spatio-temporal and hierarchical pictures according to the law of beauty, so that they have the functions of coherence, contrast, contrast and suggestion, show readers colorful life pictures and convey colorful thoughts and feelings. Poets often use many methods to realize the combination of images. Mao Zedong mainly uses juxtaposition and radiation in "Qinyuanchun Changsha".
The juxtaposition of poetic images, like the montage of focal plane, mainly juxtaposes individual images with each other in the form of juxtaposition, thus forming the "beauty of compound images" of the whole word, that is, the beauty of combination. A group of image group, always headed by the word "Kan" in "Shanghai Beach", is in a parallel relationship as a whole. Poets combine images in a parallel way, pay attention to dynamic and static collocation, and combine far and near, thus forming a colorful "Xiangjiang Autumn Color Map". Another example is the past lives recalled in the second poem, which are also juxtaposed in pairs, highlighting the spirit of young revolutionaries to make progress and dare to do things, and depicting a lively "picture scroll of young students" for us.
The radiation of poetic images refers to "radiating" around one of the group images to form a image group. Take the seven sentences of the word "look" as an example. Under the radiation of the central image "ten thousand kinds of frosty days", images such as "mountains", "layered forests", "white pigeons", "eagles" and "swimming fish" are formed, and the two juxtaposed composite images of "pointing out the mountains and inspiring words" in Xiatan are also elegant. From the whole word, the central image should be the "I" of "independent and cold autumn", and other images are formed under the "radiation" of this central image. Here, people who look at the scenery with a broad mind will become "scenery" and a magnificent "great man map"!
In Qinyuanchun Changsha, Mao Zedong, with his typical images, vivid expression and ingenious image combination, created a lofty artistic conception and formed a magnificent picture, which made the word have a strong aesthetic effect.