Beauty was written by Du Fu. This poem is about the unfortunate experience of a woman who was abandoned during the war. Let's enjoy it together!
Beauty
Author: Du Fu
who is lovelier than she?, yet she lives alone in an empty valley
ziyun is a good girl, which is humbled now into the dust.
when trouble arose in the Kuan district, her brothers and close kin were killed.
what use were their high offices, not even shielding their own lives?.
the world has but scorn for adversity, hope goes out, like the light of a candle.
her husband, with a vagrant heart, seeks a new face like a new piece of jade.
and when morning-glories furl at night, and mandarin-ducks lie side by side.
all he can see is the smile of the new love, while the old love weeps unheard.
the brook was pure in its mountain source, but away from the mountain its waters darken.
waiting for her maid to come from selling pearls, for straw to cover the roof again.
she picks a few flowers, no longer for her hair, and lets pine-needles fall through her fingers.
and, forgetting her thin silk sleeve and the cold, she leans in the sunset by a tall bamboo.
Note:
(1) peerless: peerless in contemporary times, unparalleled in the world. Beauty: A beautiful woman.
(2) seclusion: quiet in the boudoir, quiet and self-controlled.
(3) falling: falling and falling. Yicaomu: Living in the mountains.
(4) chaos: death and disaster, which refers to the chaos in an Anshi.
(5) official rank: refers to the official rank of one's family.
(6) flesh and blood: refers to brothers in distress.
(7) Turn the candle: The candle turns with the wind, which means that things are changeable.
(8) Husband: husband.
(9) Newcomer: refers to the newly married wife of the husband.
(1) Close-up: night flowers, leaves open at night.
(11) Yuanyang: Waterbirds, male and female in pairs, inseparable day and night.
(12) Old man: A beautiful woman calls herself.
(13) selling pearls: selling jewelry because of poverty.
(14) Pull the rose: pick up the branches of vines. It is also about the poverty of beautiful women.
(15) Picking cypress: picking cypress leaf. Move: often.
(16) Xiuzhu: Tall bamboo.
rhyme translation:
There was a beautiful woman who lived in seclusion in a secluded mountain valley.
she said, "I am a woman of a good family, and I am attached to the vegetation only when I am wandering.
I think when Chang 'an was in chaos, my brothers were brutally killed.
what's the use of being high and famous? You can't adopt my own flesh and blood.
The world is always averse to decline, and everything is like a candle quivering with the wind.
I didn't expect my husband to be a frivolous man and marry a beautiful bride in Yan Ruyu.
There are seasons when the flowers of Albizia Albizia blossom and faint, and the mandarin ducks don't sleep alone when they have sex.
I only tease new people day and night, so who cares if I am an old man crying? !”
the spring water in the mountain is clear and transparent, and the spring water out of the mountain is turbid.
The maid who sold the jewelry has just returned, pulling the rattan to repair the broken hut.
I don't like to dress up with plugs when I pick wild flowers, and I've picked a bunch of cypresses.
In the cold weather, the beautiful woman wears thin clothes, and she leans against the long bamboo in the sunset.
explanation:
explanation
In June (758), the first year of Tang Suzong Ganyuan, Du Fu was reduced from picking up the left legacy to joining the army as a secretary in Huazhou. In July of the following year, he resolutely abandoned his official position, married with children, and lived in Qin Zhou, where he earned a living by picking acorns at a low salary, and "Beauty" was written in the autumn of this year. In the poem, a beautiful woman in gone with the wind is abandoned by her husband, living in an empty valley and living hard. There has always been a debate about the meaning of this poem. Some people think it's all about sustenance, while others think it's realistic, but most of them are in between.
Du Fu, who was caught in an Anshi rebellion, was caught in the hands of thieves and did not forget the monarch. He did his best to be loyal to the Tang court, but he was demoted and abandoned, wandering and displaced. However, he never forgot his national worries when it was difficult to cross the mountain and his livelihood was embarrassed. This kind of injustice, this kind of spiritual integrity, is deplorable, and is very similar to the heroine of this poem. Therefore, the author used other people's wine to pour a lump in her chest, which conveyed her own sense of life experience. Du Fu's Beauty should be regarded as a poem combining objective reflection with subjective sustenance.
sentence solution
who is lovelier than she?, yet she lives alone in an empty valley. She tells me she came from a good family, which is humbled now into the dust.
There is a peerless beauty who lives in a lonely valley. She said that she was the daughter of an official family, but now she is reduced to Shan Ye, where she is dependent on vegetation. The first two period questions. The first sentence is beautiful in appearance, and the second sentence is high in quality. With the secluded environment, the loneliness of a beautiful woman is highlighted, and the sadness of her fate and plight are pointed out, implying the lament of the poet "we are both unhappy -- to the sky's end". "peerless", the highest contemporary.
Guanzhong was defeated in the past, and her brothers and close kin were killed. What use were their high offices, not even shielding their own lives?.
The above is the description of the third person, and the style is implicit. The following is the first-person talk, and the tone is straightforward and hearty. In the Anshi Rebellion, Chang 'an fell and the brothers were killed. What's the use of a high official position? After they die, they can't even restrain their bones. "Guanzhong" refers to the area west of Hanguguan, here refers to Chang 'an. In June of the 15th year of Tianbao (756), the Anshi rebels captured Chang 'an. "Official high" should be the "good family" mentioned above, emphasizing that beautiful women come from noble families.
the world has but scorn for adversity, hope goes out, like the light of a candle. Her husband, with a vagrant heart, seeks a new face like a new piece of jade.
the world and human feelings always hate decline, and everything is as erratic as a candle in the wind. After my mother's family fell, my frivolous husband looked down on me and married a beautiful woman. These four sentences evoke feelings, depicting the world is cold and human feelings are warm and cold. Liu Chenweng in the Song Dynasty commented: "Nothing can be felt without gossiping." "Turn the candle", with the candlelight in the wind, vacillates, which is a metaphor for the rapid change of the world and the passage of time.
and when morning-glories furl at night, and mandarin-ducks lie side by side. All he can see is the smile of the new love, while the old love weeps unheard.
night flowers also know that they are open at night, and mandarin ducks also fly together and stay together. The ungrateful man can only see the happiness and laughter of the new couple, but how can he hear the sadness and crying of the old ones? Poets use figurative metaphors to describe ungrateful people's heartlessness, and abandoned people's sadness and pain. In the words of pouring out personal misfortunes and lamenting the indifference of the world, there is grief and injustice. A "new", an "old", a "laugh" and a "cry" are in sharp contrast, and the abandoned woman is in tears, as at present. "Faint", that is, acacia, a night, its flowers open at night, so the cloud "knows the time." "Yuanyang", the name of a bird, is a couple of males and females who live by the water.
the brook was pure in its mountain source, but away from the mountain its waters darken. Waiting for her maid to come from selling pearls, for straw to cover the roof again.
the spring water is clear when it is in the mountains, but it becomes turbid when it comes out of the mountains. Alas, how should the world treat me abandoned? In order to buy food rations, the maid sold the jewelry for me and came back. The shed leaked rain. I dragged the vines with her and repaired the hut. These words seem to be sad, self-sworn, reserved and generous, clean and beautiful. At the same time, it can be seen that the beautiful home environment is simple and quiet, and life is poor and embarrassing. Pu Qilong commented: "These two sentences can be described as the heart of a true scholar and the tongue of a person. There is no such thing as Jian' an." It comes from the Book of Songs Xiaoya Gu Feng Zhi April: "Like a spring, it is clear and turbid." But in this poem, there are many explanations, all of which have certain truth. Or take the new couple and the old man as clear turbidity, or the former China and the later China as clear turbidity, or abandon the outside at home as clear turbidity, or keep chastity as clear turbidity. Others think that a beautiful woman is a metaphor for herself with spring water and a metaphor for her husband's home with mountains, which means that a woman is loved by her husband and the world thinks she is pure; Abandoned by her husband, the world thinks she is turbid. Another explanation is that a beautiful woman complains about her husband. People are in a lonely place in an empty valley, just like a spring in a mountain, which has nothing to scratch. When the husband of a beautiful woman comes out of the mountain, he swings with the logistics and becomes a turbid spring at the foot of the mountain. And she would rather suffer from hunger and cold than remarry and become that turbid spring. This is just like Sun Chuo's Preface to Poems of Three Days Lanting in Jin Dynasty: "The ancients used water as a metaphor to talk about it! If it is not stopped, it will be clear, and if it is mixed, it will be turbid. Feelings migrate because of what they have learned, and things are excited when they touch. "
she picks a few flowers, no longer for her hair, and lets pine-needles fall through her fingers. And, forgetting her thin silk sleeve and the cold, she leans in the sunset by a tall bamboo.
I picked a flower in my hand, but I didn't mind inserting my sideburns. I just often pick a handful of cypress branches. It's cold and the sun has set. She wears a thin green shirt and leans quietly against the slender bamboo tree.
The last two sentences end with a picture of a beautiful woman standing aloof and peerless, with intention outside the painting and affection outside the image. In the beauty of body, the beauty of mind is revealed. This kind of beauty is not only a kind of female beauty, but also an ideal beauty pursued by ancient literati. The poem implies that this perverse woman, like the cold-resistant cypress and the vigorous green bamboo, has noble sentiments. The last two sentences of the poem are greatly appreciated by later generations. The beauty's appearance can't be described in one word. Only the images of "Cuixiu" and "Xiuzhu", which are fresh in color and attractive, are combined with the environment in the mountains in the cold and dusk, and then the beautiful woman is vividly painted with a beautiful and lonely posture. "Move", often. "Hey", hold it, hold it in both hands.
Comment on
There are many excellent classical poems with the theme of abandoned wives. For example, The Book of Songs Wei Feng's "Self-protection", the Han Yuefu's "Going Up the Mountain and Picking the weeds" and so on, while Sima Xiangru's "Changmen Fu" describes the abandoned Queen Chen, in which the two sentences "What a beautiful woman is, walking freely to amuse oneself" are the source of the poem title of Du Fu's "Beauty".
Du Fu seldom writes poems dedicated to beauty, but Beauty has become a famous poem dedicated to beauty because of its high style. The clear spring in the mountain sees its clear quality, the maid sells pearls to see its poor livelihood, leads Luo to fill the house to see its ambition of seclusion, picks flowers without wearing them to see its simplicity and modesty, picks cypresses to see its chastity, and leans on bamboo to see its lofty loneliness at dusk. The poet describes the misfortune of an upper-class woman who was abandoned during the war with pure and objective narrative methods, and adopts the methods of narration, discussion and image metaphor, and reveals her noble sentiments in adversity, thus making this character more full.
The poem is divided into three paragraphs, each with eight sentences. The first paragraph is about the unfortunate experience of a beautiful family. In the second paragraph, the beautiful woman confided in the great misfortune of abandoning her husband. In the third paragraph, praise the noble sentiment that a beautiful woman can lead a clean life despite her misfortune.
This five-character archaic poem, all the way down from the beginning, is "saying", and only at the end of two sentences does it suddenly end with a painting. This is the genius of the author. He didn't indulge the reader's appetite with an ending, but deliberately hung the reader's appetite with a suspense. People who have read this poem, as soon as they close their eyes, will see such a picture in their minds: a beautiful woman with peerless beauty but particularly unfortunate, standing there in the autumn wind and at dusk, with her clothes thin and lonely, with her back against a clump of bamboo, and her eyes showing sadness.