The bright moon of the Qin Dynasty was at the Pass of the Han Dynasty, and the people who marched thousands of miles have not yet returned.
But the flying generals of Dragon City are here, and Huma is not taught to cross the Yin Mountains.
Appreciation
This is a frontier fortress poem, which expresses the poet's hope that a good general will be appointed to quell the war at the frontier as soon as possible so that the people can live a stable life.
The poet starts from describing the scenery, and the first sentence outlines a desolate scene with the cold moon shining on the border. "The bright moon of the Qin Dynasty and the Pass of the Han Dynasty" cannot be understood as the bright moon of the Qin Dynasty and the pass of the Han Dynasty. Here, the four characters Qin, Han, Guan, and Yue are used interchangeably. In rhetoric, it is called "intertextual meaning", which means the bright moon in Qin and Han Dynasties and the pass in Qin and Han Dynasties. The poet hinted that the war here has not stopped since the Qin and Han Dynasties, highlighting the long time. In the second sentence, "Thousands of miles long march, people have not yet returned." "Wanli" refers to the thousands of miles between the frontier and the inland. Although it is a false reference, it highlights the vastness of the space. "The person has not yet returned" reminds people of the disasters caused by the war and expresses the poet's grief and indignation.
How can we relieve the people's suffering? The poet places his hope in a capable general. "But if the flying generals of Longcheng are here, they will not teach the Hu horses to cross the Yinshan Mountains." If Wei Qing and the flying general Li Guang who attacked Longcheng were still alive, the Hu cavalry would never be allowed to cross the Yinshan Mountains. "Dragon City" refers to the famous general Wei Qing who made a surprise attack on Dragon City, the Holy Land of the Huns, while "Flying General" refers to the famous flying general Li Guang. "Dragon City Flying General" is not just one person, he actually refers to Li Wei, and also refers to many famous generals of the Han Dynasty who fought against the Hungarians. "Don't teach" means not allowed. The word "teach" is pronounced flatly; "Hu Ma" here refers to the cavalry that invaded by foreign nations. "Du Yin Mountain" means crossing Yin Mountain. Yinshan Mountain is a large mountain range running east-west in the north. It was a natural barrier for the northern border defense in the Han Dynasty. The last two sentences are written implicitly and cleverly, allowing people to draw necessary conclusions from the comparison of past events.
What this poem focuses on is contempt for the enemy; loyalty to the country, and a courageous and fearless spirit. The first two sentences describe the bright moon and the majestic city gates, which not only arouse people's memories of countless aggressive wars, but also bear witness to the history of today's soldiers galloping thousands of miles and fighting bloody battles. The last two sentences use Li Guang, a famous general in the Han Dynasty, to compare the heroic soldiers who went out to defend the border in the Tang Dynasty, praising their fighting spirit of fighting bravely and willing to sacrifice their lives for the country. From ancient times to the present, this poem has a profound sense of history, vast scenes, and a grand sense of space. Between the lines, there is a strong patriotic spirit and heroic spirit.
This poem is called the masterpiece of the Tang Dynasty. Tragic but not desolate, generous but not superficial, this poem is the first of Wang's two poems "Out of the Fortress".
"Out of the Fortress" should be written by Wang Changling when he went to the Western Regions in his early years. "Out of the Fortress" is an old Yuefu title. The era in which Wang Changling lived was at the height of the Tang Dynasty. During this period, the Tang Dynasty repeatedly won foreign wars, and the nation's self-confidence was extremely strong. Therefore, the works of frontier poets can often reflect an impassioned and upward spirit, and the ability to defeat the enemy. strong confidence. At the same time, frequent frontier fortress wars have also overwhelmed the people and yearned for peace. "Out of the Fortress" reflects the people's desire for peace. Du Fu's "War Chariots" of the same period can be used as a reference. Frontier poetry is a product of the times, and it is also the work that best reflects the rise and fall of a country's fortunes. Poetry critics often praise "the sound of the prosperous Tang Dynasty", and frontier fortress poetry is a basic aspect of the content of "the sound of the prosperous Tang Dynasty". The rise of the theme of frontier fortress poetry is closely related to the expansion of the poets' life scope. From the frontier fortress poems, we see that the poet's horizons have broadened, the artistic conception of the poems has expanded, and the content of the poems has become even more colorful. There is the desire to build industry: "It is better to be a centurion than a scholar" (Yang Jiong); there is the passion to serve the country: "I vow to become famous and serve the country, but I am ashamed to talk about my merits" (Zhang said). Many poets have lived in military camps outside the fortress for many years, such as Gao Shi, Cen Shen, Li Yi, etc. The contents of their frontier fortress poems cover almost all aspects of frontier fortress life: some write about the homesickness of soldiers on expedition and the separation and resentment of their wives at home; The hardships of life outside the Great Wall and the cruelty of successive battles; some reflect the emperor's dissatisfaction with the military expansion of the border and the resentment against the generals who took advantage of their power; some describe the nostalgia for hometown and relatives who have been garrisoning the border for a long time; some are surprised at the completely different feeling in the extremity beyond the Great Wall. The scenery of the Central Plains... When we read these poems, we must be able to distinguish the subtle differences in the ideological content of each poem. For example, Cen Shen's frontier fortress poems are based on the heroic spirit of generous service to the country and the optimistic spirit of not fearing hardship, and describe more of the colorful life of the frontier fortress. He also wrote some poems about being nostalgic for his family in the frontier fortress, such as "Meeting the Envoy Entering the Capital" that was passed down to future generations: "Looking eastward from my hometown, the road is long, and my sleeves are full of tears. We will meet soon, and there is no pen and paper, so I can pass the message with you. May you be safe." Although the matter is small, the affection is profound. At the same time, we must also appreciate the various contradictions that animate in frontier poems: the contradiction between generous service and long-term homesickness; the contradiction between passion for defending the country and hard life; the contradiction between hatred of mediocre generals and dedication, etc.
By reviewing history and remembering the famous anti-Hungarian generals of the Han Dynasty, this poem accuses the incompetence of the border generals in the poet's era and hopes that good generals will emerge to expel the enemy and protect the border. The first sentence starts from the moonlight and the pass in the Qin and Han Dynasties, naming the moonlight and the pass, but time passes, dynasties change, and long-term border wars bring infinite disasters and pain to the people and soldiers. In describing the scenery, he gave deep emotions. The last two sentences use the technique of satirizing the past and the present, using ancient famous generals to satirize the incompetence of today's generals. The meaning is implicit and the emotion is deep. The poem is full of patriotic passion for caring about the safety of the country.
The evaluation of the whole poem reflects the author's sympathy for the soldiers stationed on the frontier who have not returned from the long battle. It also expresses the poet's hope that the court will appoint good generals to quell the frontier war as soon as possible so that the country can be peaceful and the people can live a stable life. The patriotism of the good wishes of life.
It expresses the poet's sympathy for the soldiers guarding the border and his yearning for a stable and peaceful life.
This is a frontier fortress poem lamenting the constant wars on the border and the lack of good generals in the country. The first line of the poem is the most intriguing. It's about the Han Pass here, the sigh of the Mingyue Qin Dynasty, which has undergone great historical changes and the battles have not stopped. The second sentence describes how many men died on the battlefield and how many tragedies were left before the conscripts were returned. Three or four sentences express the common will of the people for thousands of years, hoping that the "Dragon City Flying General" will appear to calm the chaos and stabilize the border defense. The whole poem uses ordinary language to sing a powerful and open-minded theme. The momentum is smooth and it is completed in one go. Li Panlong, a man of the Ming Dynasty, once praised it as the masterpiece among the seven masterpieces of the Tang Dynasty, which is not an exaggeration.