The author's image in prose is obvious, often narrated in the first person, and his personality is distinct. As Ba Jin said, I have myself in any of my essays. In short, I can say that I express myself, just write what I am and speak my mind accordingly, frankly. That's who I am anyway. I ... Writing the real me is the core feature and life of prose.
Prose language is very important. The first is spoken English, and the second is fresh, natural, elegant and generous. In addition, we can also pay attention to some language skills, such as the alternation between the length of sentence patterns and the shape of things, such as using rhetoric, especially metaphor, such as talking about the musical beauty of tone, rhythm and melody.
The only content and object of prose is the author's emotional experience. Emotion is not a one-sided factor, nor is it just a clue, but the object of prose. Prose writers and writers are only superficial phenomena. Fundamentally speaking, they write about emotional experiences. Emotional experience is an inseparable god, while people and things are scattered and dispensable. Zhu Ziqing's back is not a record of going home and parting between father and son, but a pity and love for his father and his failed father. Only with the emotional experience of the internal structure of prose and the core of the external structure can we write prose well. The core of external structure is detail.
Prose, like novels, is based on the description and narration of details, but the arrangement and combination of details are different. It can be said that the details of the novel combination are filled with pearls, and the prose is worn by pearls. The disk of the novel is a cross section of a society, with conflicts, and people of all classes and forces are either hidden or obvious. And the details can only be developed organically in such a disk. The lines of prose are emotional experiences, which are more or less handy, subject to the expression of emotional experiences. From this, we say that prose (should be called artistic prose) is the freest style, loose as water and flexible in technique. As long as you understand the above four points, write your true self and the resulting personal oral, emotional experience and detailed description, you will master the essentials of prose writing, and you don't have to be too cautious to study what is meaning, style (such as literary eye) and artistic conception.
Prose can be mainly divided into narrative prose and lyric prose (still according to the traditional unclear statement). The following are two modes of prose for your reference.
First, the mode of remembering people's prose
The beginning is a summary of emotional language. Me and this guy, the focus is on the back. Introduce the person, such as a portrait description. (2) The relationship between them and the discussion of people's spiritual characteristics.
▲ The middle situation: one thing. Detailed description and explanation from the beginning, development to the end.
▲ Another situation: several things. Everything, that is, before each level, can be dominated by a person's spiritual characteristics. Based on people's emotional experience and overall discussion
Second, the theory runs through several things.
The end 1) reiterates the characteristics and takes care of the beginning. (2) deepen the emotional relationship and send out feelings.
Third, lyrical prose model
The opening 1 describes his relationship with the landscape. Discuss the scenery and yourself.
The middle 1 describes the scenery, with distinct layers and touching details. Lenovo plays a greater role.
the sense of an ending
Prose Writing —— Conception, Association and Language
Prose often reflects its complex background and profound connotation through accidental and fragmentary events in life, showing the world with a grain of sand and expressing human feelings with a half petal flower. To achieve this state, conception is the key.
Conception is the whole process of the author's understanding of a work, from the initial feeling of external things to the whole process of writing. Even when I entered the writing stage, I was still thinking.
Explore, continue to understand the object to be described, and dig deep into its inside story and connotation. This is a complex, arduous and serious spiritual activity, and it is a test of the writer's personality, cultivation and skill. Because the connection between things is profound and subtle, writers should be good at finding their own unique and mysterious connection points from the outside to the inside, so as to lead their hearts to understanding and from welcome to conception.
Different writers have different discoveries about the mystery of conception. So there are all kinds of ideas. Qin Mu's conception method is called snowballing. When he wrote prose, his initial feeling was just a little bit, like a small snowflake. With the increase of subject matter, the deepening of experience and the development of Lenovo, it feels like snowballing. What is precious here is the initial feeling. In Qin Mu's words, it is the most cutting-edge part and the most distinctive part of things. Once caught by a writer, it is like a full seed falling into fertile soil. Writers use the sunshine of thoughts and feelings to make it sprout rich fruits. This is a core, and it is getting bigger and bigger, forming a unified thought. His famous poem Land and Country Altar is a good example.
Xu Chi's conception method is called grasping the present. This moment he thinks is the essence and the most glorious part of things. Seize this moment, we will seize the clue and the center, and the scattered and messy materials will be concentrated and have a home. For example, his creation in The Turbulent Vortex, both positive and negative lessons can illustrate this problem.
In short, different writers plan and conceive an essay in different ways, which varies from person to person. We can't force unity, let alone imitate a cat and draw a tiger. Everyone should have his own unique method, but it is extremely important for every writer to pay attention to conception.
An excellent article is almost inseparable from association. The so-called association refers to the imaginative activities of things from one to another and from the outside to the inside. The psychological process of transition from one thing to another. When people recall another thing from the current thing, or when the recalled thing spreads to another thing, it is inseparable from association. In this association activity, the characteristics and essence of things are easier to be distinct and prominent, and the author's ideological understanding can be continuously improved and deepened. The thicker an author's knowledge is accumulated and stored, the keener he feels about life, and the easier it is to draw inferences from others. Association plays an important role in psychological activities. Memory often appears in the form of association, and association is also helpful to the reasoning process of inference. Especially in the creation of prose and other literary styles, association has the function of enhancing the artistic charm of works.
The inspiration of the essayist seems accidental, but it is inevitable and wonderful, which comes from long-term accumulation. The thicker the accumulation, the more sensitive it is. Isn't prose triggering expensive? This and that are both trigger points. Finding the meaning of what we are experiencing at present is both a trigger point and an association point. Deep accumulation helps to deepen the trigger. In order to turn the soul of poetry into poetry, and to achieve the idea from the trigger, association and imagination must also be exerted. To melt, abstract and reorganize many old experiences, the wings of imagination and association cannot fly without a certain accumulation of life. Objective things are always interrelated, and different things are reflected in the author's mind, thus forming various associations-things close in space or time form close associations (such as hydroelectric generators being thought of by reservoirs); Similar associations formed by things with similar characteristics (such as Lu Xun's Gorky thought); Contrasting things form contrasting associations (such as thinking of darkness from light); Things that have a causal relationship form causal associations (such as thinking about the heat of fire).
The association of prose is always combined with careful observation and subtle description. The picture of prose, first of all, strives to be real and concrete, which makes people feel as if they are there, and at the same time, it should be subtle and profound, which makes people feel affectionate. The more imagination and aftertaste the author gives readers, the stronger the fragrance of poetry, which is inseparable from rich and active associations. Lenovo, in essence, is the deepening of observation, the observation here and now, and the integration of observation there and there at that time. Without this mastery, there would be no deepening of feelings, sublimation of thoughts and crystallization of poetry. If careful observation has collected rich minerals for the author, then the active association is the smelting and processing of these minerals. Lenovo is not based on a flash of personal light and aimless thinking. If a writer wants to make Lenovo's wings fly, he can't fly without extensive knowledge, internal relations and details between things, personal creativity and passion, and broad space for personal hobbies, thoughts and fantasies, forms and contents. You can only wander on the grass like a sparrow in a shed, but you can't spread your wings and fly freely in Wan Li like a Dapeng.
The charm of prose style certainly comes from the writer's true knowledge, true opinion, authenticity and true feelings. But to turn it into a literature with harmonious colors, natural rhythm and meaningful charm, we must also rely on the mastery of words and the high purification of pen and ink.
Literary talent lies not in fancy, deliberately carving words, but in expression, simplicity and sincerity. If the rhetoric is piled up, just like a woman who loves beauty but is not good at dressing up, she thinks that the thicker the powder, the better, the brighter the better. In fact, it is vulgar and makes people frown.
Prose writers should have a particularly keen eye and insight, be able to see and discover what others have not seen, and also need extremely rigorous and profound writing skills. Don't be impetuous when creating, calm down, try your best to find accurate words and phrases, arrange them, and express more meanings with less words. This is what the ancients said: simplicity and complexity. It is necessary to make the language present a vivid picture and briefly describe the voice, appearance and main features of the characters, so that readers can firmly remember the movements, gait and tone of the characters described at once.
The language of prose is beautiful, and the writer has many original and incisive opinions. Qin Mu said: Literary talent also produces artistic charm and writing interest. Rich vocabulary, vivid spoken language, sonorous syllables, appropriate even sentences, vivid descriptions and wonderful overlapping sentences ... these things will increase the interest of writing. She Shusen said: The language of prose seems to be more dense and gorgeous than novels, but lighter and more natural than poetry. Simple and unique, simple and beautiful, full of natural emotions. It can be said that its beauty lies precisely in this massiness and lightness, between sculpture and nature.
Prose has a small space and a large capacity, and the writing style is the most taboo. It is slow and can't hold the foot-binding cloth of old Wang Po, and it is long and smelly. Simplicity is not simplicity, but simplicity; The pen is simple and the environment is not simple, which is a highly accurate summary. Du Mu's "Epang Palace Fu" begins with the following words: The six kings have done their best and the four seas are one. Shushan is upright, and Fang is not here. In just twelve words, the downfall of the six countries was written. Qin Shihuang unified the world and cut down all the trees in Shushan. The top of the mountain was bare. Here, Epang Palace was built. In just twelve words, it has written such a rich historical content and such a big time and space span. It's really concise Natural and unrestrained, for people, is a kind of temperament, a kind of demeanor. For prose, it is the change of sentences. Short sentences, promoting and strict; Long sentences, comfortable and slow; The sentence is even, symmetrical and dignified; Strange sentences are beautiful and free and easy. The patchwork and harmonious configuration of these sentence patterns naturally constitute the unique concise and unique beauty of prose language.
The simple beauty of prose language does not exclude gorgeous beauty, and the two are relatively established. In prose works, we often see the combination of simplicity and magnificence. This colorful place is rendered as much as possible, like a sunset glow on the horizon and a brocade; This simple place is an understatement, like a clear stream trickling. Simplicity is like the beauty of a beauty. Gorgeousness is not a bunch of beautiful words, but a delicate artistic process without the trace of an axe. However, whether it is simple or gorgeous, without the beauty of sincere feelings and lofty thoughts, it is easy to be as pale as an infinite duckweed and become a colorful word game.
Like the ocean of life, the ocean of language is boundless. Unique style, eclecticism, vivid expression, novel language, clever metaphor, charming charm, clever refrain, wise warning, beautiful parallelism, meaningful aphorism, witty proverb, humorous humor, implicit suggestion and free use of various artistic skills will make prose creation more fresh, meaningful and radiant.