One
Translation
The clothes and scarves rustled in the wind, and the date flowers fell with the wind. The sound of reeling could be heard from the north and south ends of the village. Farmers in simple clothes were selling cucumbers. It was a long journey, and I was so drunk that I just wanted to take a nap. The sun was shining brightly, and I was helplessly thirsty. So I knocked on the door of a villager's house and asked if I could give him a bowl of tea.
·Appreciation
Since Su Shi's poetry, the subject matter, artistic conception, writing style, etc. have all been expanded. The rural pastoral scenery that rarely appeared in poetry before has also appeared in Su Shi's poetry. In the first year of Yuanfeng (1078), when Xuzhou received rain after a spring drought, Su Shi went to Shitan to thank God and composed a set of "Huanxi Sand" titled "Five Poems on the Path of Thanking Rain in Shitan, Xumen", all of which were about the rural scenery in early summer. This is the fourth of them.
It captures common scenes in rural life. The aroma of jujube flowers, the sound of reeling wheels, and the leisurely attitude of the melon sellers form a fresh and natural pastoral picture. Three sentences, three images, seemingly scattered and completely unrelated. But when strung together with the line "Xie Yu's Road", people feel that this comic strip has a strong three-dimensional sense. This group of pictures is not only beautiful in color, but also beautiful in music. Whether it is the sound of falling flowers, the buzzing sound of rolling carts, or the cries of melon farmers, they are all full of rich flavor of life, vividly showing the prosperous scene of the countryside. "The jujube flowers fall on the clothes and towels" begins with the sound of jujube flowers falling on the clothes and towels, reflecting the joy of a prefect who cares about people's lives for the new scene in the countryside after the rain. The sound is slight, but it is so real in the author's ears. The sentence "The winding car rings in the south of the village and in the north of the village" shows how seriously, carefully and excitedly the author listened. The sentence "Niuyi Guliu sells cucumbers" changes the perspective of writing about the author's joy about the vegetable harvest.
The first film describes the busy scene of rural production and labor, and the second film turns to the hardships of Xie Yu’s journey. Walking from village to village, it was already hot and sunny, and people were thirsty and sleepy. They couldn't help but think of tea to quench their thirst and refresh themselves. The word "question" is used very carefully. It not only expresses the author's full hope of asking for a cup of tea to quench his thirst, but also worries that during the busy farming season, there will be no one at the farm and it will be inconvenient for him to rush in. The letter is written without polish, but it is lifelike, portraying the image of a humble and approachable magistrate, and describing the relationship between a prefect and ordinary farmers in a cordial and natural way. The whole poem contains scenery and people, tangible and colorful, and has a strong local flavor, which opens up a new world for the theme of Song poetry. "Knock on the door and ask the savages", the words stopped abruptly here. What is the result of the poet knocking on the door? Did you get some tea? How did the farmers entertain him? There is not a word of explanation in the poem, leaving it to the reader's imagination, which leaves an endless aftertaste. This is the "inexhaustible meaning, seen beyond the words" that is emphasized in classical poetry.
Although Su Shi was a scholar-bureaucrat, he was close to the countryside in his heart. He said that "Zhang Junyuan is a person here". Here, the casual "knocking on the door and asking questions" is different from that of "savage people". "It is evident that they are indistinguishable from each other. The word "Question" expresses the author's full hope of asking for a cup of tea to quench his thirst, but also worries about the inconvenience of having no one at the farm during the busy farming season. The relationship between the prefect and ordinary farmers is written in a friendly and natural way.
Second
·Appreciation
This poem was written in the spring of the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082 AD), when Su Shi was involved in the "Wutai Poetry Case" , was demoted to the deputy envoy of Tuanlian in Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei). This was a major blow to Su Shi's political career, but this poem showed an optimistic spirit in the face of adversity.
The top column describes the natural scenery. The first two sentences describe the early spring, when orchid grass begins to grow by the stream, and the paths along the stream are clean and mud-free, creating a scene full of vitality. But it ends with the sad cry of the cuckoo in the misty dusk rain. The sound of Zigui reminded pedestrians to "go back", which gave the scenery a somewhat sad color.
Xia Qian changed his writing style. He no longer fell into the melancholy brought about by Zigui's cry, but picked up his strokes. As the saying goes, "Flowers bloom again, and people are no longer young." The passage of time is like water flowing eastward and cannot be saved. However, there are always surprises in the world. "The water flowing in front of the door can still reach the west" is not only a real scene in front of you, but also a hidden Buddhist allusion. Water flowing in the east can also flow back to the west, so why should we mourn in vain for our old age? It seems simple, but it is worth recalling. The first volume of "Ci Jie" said: "Po Gong's rhyme is high, so his simple words are also extraordinary."
The whole poem is filled with an upward attitude towards life, but the sub-guidance at the end of the sentence The cry faintly reflects the poet's situation, and also shows the value of the optimistic attitude in the poem. Therefore, Chen Tingzhuo's "Bai Yuzhai Ci Hua" said: "The more melancholy, the more heroic, the more loyal, the more I am fascinated."
Translation
A small part of the orchid shoots at the foot of the mountain is soaked in the water, and the forest path is clean and mud-free. In the evening, cuckoos chirped from time to time in the drizzle. Who says you can't go back to your teenage years when you're old? The running water in front of the door can still run westward! Don't lament the passage of time when you are old and hurt yourself.