meng haoran
This old friend prepared a delicious meal and invited me to his hospitable farm.
Green Woods surround the village and green hills are located outside the city.
Open the window facing the valley vegetable garden and pass the glass to talk about crops.
Please come here to see chrysanthemums when the ninth festival comes.
judge
Shen Deqian called Meng Haoran's poems "light but not light" (Tang poetry). In other words, when reading Meng Shi, we should appreciate its inner charm through its faint appearance. Passing through the Old Village is not the lightest of Meng's poems, but its description is plain, the language is clean, and there are almost no exaggerated sentences and exciting words, which can also be regarded as "light enough to see poetry" (Meng Haoran of Wen Yiduo). Where is its poetry?
"Prepare chicken and rice for me, old friend. You entertain me on your farm." This beginning is like a note in a diary. The old friend "invited" and I "arrived". There is no rendering in the text, it is simple and casual. This is just a possible form between friends who don't need to be polite. The invitation of "chicken and millet" not only shows the unique flavor of Tianjia, but also shows the simplicity of hospitality. It is this kind of hospitality without ceremony and ostentation and extravagance that makes the hearts of friends more open to each other. This beginning is calm and natural, but it is an excellent introduction to the content of life to be developed, showing the characteristics of the atmosphere, which needs to be further enriched and developed below.
"We look at the green trees around your village and the pale blue of the distant mountains." It is a fresh and pleasant feeling to walk into the village and look around. These two sentences are close to the border and surrounded by green trees, which seem to be unique and unique. The next sentence is light, accompanied by green hills abroad, which makes the village not lonely and shows a broad prospect. The village is located in Pingchou, far away from the green hills, which makes people feel light and quiet and never lonely. It is precisely because the "Old Friends Village" appeared in such a natural and social environment that the guests and guests raised their glasses at the window. "Let's open your window across the garden and fields and talk about Sang Ma with a cup in hand" is even more enjoyable. The word "open porch" here seems to be inadvertently written into the poem, but the above two sentences are written on the outer wall of the village. Here, the narrator drinks and chats in the house. The porch window is open, and the outdoor is reflected indoors, giving people a relaxed feeling. For these two sentences, people pay more attention to "talking about Sang Ma" and think that it is "meeting each other without miscellaneous words" (Tao Yuanming's Return to the Countryside). It's good to forget about farming. But there are threshing floors and vegetable gardens in front of the entrance window, surrounded by green shade, giving people a spacious and stretched feeling. Sang Ma makes you feel more rural. Therefore, we can not only appreciate the stronger local flavor, the flavor of labor production, but also smell the soil flavor on the nursery, see the growth and harvest of crops, and even see the characteristics of regions and seasons. With the combination of these two sentences and the first two sentences, green trees, green hills, cottages, playgrounds and Sang Ma blend together harmoniously, forming a beautiful and quiet pastoral landscape, while the laughter of the host and guest and the words about Sang Ma seem to linger in our ears. It is different from the pure fantasy of the Peach Blossom Garden, but it is more realistic in the prosperous Tang society. It is in this world that poets who once lamented that "the Lord of the realm is harsh on us, and the people who handle affairs are not like us" not only forgot the setbacks encountered in political pursuit, but also forgot the gains and losses of fame and fortune, even the lonely and depressed mood in seclusion. It seems not hard to imagine that his thoughts are relaxed, and even his actions are flexible, from his view of mountains and rivers, from his * * * words about wine with friends in Sang Ma. The environment and atmosphere of the farm showed its conquest here, which made Meng Haoran seem to be converted.
Wait until the mountain is on holiday, and I'll come back at chrysanthemum time. Meng Haoran was deeply attracted by farm life, so when he left, he told his master frankly that he would come back to see chrysanthemums on the Double Ninth Festival in autumn. A few simple poems, the enthusiasm of old friends to treat each other, the pleasure of being a guest, and the cordial harmony between the host and the guest are all on the paper. This can't help but remind people of Du Fu's "being drunk by Tianfu mud is beautiful, strict and sincere": "When will the bright moon start, I will stay, and I still want to be promoted." Du's father supports people, and he is in a hurry; Montessori made an appointment with an old friend again to soften his words. The difference between the stagnation and Meng's calmness may give us a glimpse of some news.
An ordinary farm, an ordinary dinner of chicken and millet is so poetic. It describes the prospect of the eyes, and the level of description is completely natural in spoken language. The pen and the pen are very relaxed, and even the form of rhythmic poetry is free and flexible. You only think that this brisk and approachable style is in line with the simple peasant countryside he described, which shows that the form and content are highly adapted, but they are calm and kind, but not dull. Plain contains deep affection. On the one hand, although there is almost no trace of strenuous exercise in every sentence, on the other hand, there has never been weakness in every sentence. For example, the first two sentences of the poem only write the invitation of friends, but they can show the simple peasant atmosphere; Three or four sentences only write green trees and green mountains, but you can see a world; Five or six sentences only write wine gossip, but they can show the comfortable fit between mood and environment; Seven or eight sentences only say that Chongyang will come again, but naturally they show their attachment to this village and old friends. These sentences are balanced and even, and together with * * *, they form a complete artistic conception, which combines quiet and beautiful pastoral scenery with simple and sincere friendship. This is the so-called "ingenious pen gives birth to flowers, but there is no syntax" (Shen Deqian's Tang poetry). "Don't hook the strange, strange ... if the public is lost, it will be a coincidence and misfortune" (Pi Rixiu's Yunzhou Meng Ting Ji). He deeply integrated artistic beauty into the flesh and blood of the whole poem, which seemed natural and natural. This kind of showmanship is not dazzling, not showing off skills, not only relying on one or two carefully crafted sentences to prop up the facade, but also reflecting the superb artistic level. For example, a beautiful woman, her beauty is perfect and holistic, not because a certain part is particularly touching. Instead of putting on airs, she was amazed by a natural color and charm. It is precisely because of the true reflection that the words are scattered and pure, which makes the whole poem show its charm from "light touch" without "heavy makeup"
Two Great Poems by Biedong (Ⅰ)
Gaoshi
Like a bird, she still flapped her wings and felt sorry for herself, leaving Beijing for more than ten years.
Mochow has no confidant in the road ahead, and everyone in the world doesn't know you.
judge
In the farewell poems of the Tang Dynasty, those sad and touching works are certainly touching, but another kind of generous and sad poem from the heart, with its sincere friendship and firm belief, painted another heroic and bodybuilding color for the willow color of Baqiao Bridge and the wind and rain of Weicheng City. Gao Shi's Don't Move Big is a masterpiece of the latter style. As for Dongda University, all the annotations think that he may be a famous pianist in the Tang Xuanzong period, and he is a "but how can fame and fortune be a genius?" Musician. When Gao Shi wrote this poem, it should be in the period of unsatisfied idleness. No.2 of his "Don't Move Big" said: "Six ao went wandering mercilessly, and one left Luo Jing for more than ten years. My husband's poverty should not be enough. I have no money to buy wine today. " It can be seen that he was still in a "poor" situation of "no money to drink". This farewell work when I was dissatisfied in the early days can't help but "borrow someone else's cup and pour my own foundation." But the poet hopes to give people a feeling of self-confidence and strength in comfort.
In the first two sentences, write the current scenery directly and draw it with pure lines. With its inner truth, write the mood of parting, so it can be profound; Only with a broad mind can we tell the scenery in front of us and be solemn and stirring. "Yi", that is, refers to the dim scenery at sunset.
Huang Yun in the sunset, the vast wilderness, only the northern winter has this kind of scene. This kind of situation, if carved a little, will inevitably hurt the spirit. Height suits this. It's dusk and it's snowing heavily. In the north wind blowing wildly, only geese and Leng Yun appeared in the distance, which made it hard to stop the feeling of cold and wandering. Being reduced to this level by talent makes people cry, and that's the only way. Friends can't be content with the status quo. The first two sentences, by telling the scenery, can see the inner stagnation. Although it has nothing to do with people, it has made people feel like they are in the snow, as if there are strong men whistling on the top of the mountain. If you don't do your best here, you can't see the wonderful turning point below, and you can't see the smoothness, good intentions, deep friendship and other meaning's sadness in the following words. The last two sentences are full of confidence and strength in comfort. Because he is a bosom friend, he speaks simply and generously. Because of its decline, it takes hope as comfort.
The reason why this poem is outstanding is that Gao Shi "has a thousand words in his heart, but also has a noble spirit" (Yin Kun's Heroes of He Yue) and "exalts himself with temperament" (Chronology of Tang Poetry), so it can add color to people with lofty ideals and wipe tears for wanderers! If it weren't for the poet's inner depression, how could he make his parting words so considerate and firm? How can we make this unpretentious language cast such beautiful, mellow and moving poems!