The role of metaphor: with the help of figurative things, the language image is vivid, making figurative things more vivid.
① Simile
Structural form: ontology+metaphor+vehicle.
Common metaphors: like, like, like, like, like, like, like, like, like, like, like. ...
Example 1: Spring is as deep as the sea.
Example 2: Haiyan is like black lightning.
Exodus 3: The past is like smoke.
★ How to identify true and false figurative sentences
Difficulty in distinguishing: there are two main points in distinguishing figurative sentences, one is whether they are different kinds of things, and the other is whether there are metaphors. Never judge by metaphor alone.
Example 1: The Big Dipper is a star like the sun.
Exodus 2: That look almost seems to see through the universe.
Example 3: I closed my eyes as if I saw some peach blossoms.
Exodus 4: It seems that the bronze medal in front of the shopkeeper needs drying.
Metaphor is metaphor, that is, two different things have similarities with each other, so use one thing as a metaphor to compare with another. This concept seems simple, but some seemingly metaphorical but specious sentences often make students feel helpless. So, how can we accurately distinguish between true and false figurative sentences?
First of all, two necessary conditions for metaphor are clearly defined.
1.a (ontology) and b (carrier) must be essentially different things. The Seine is like a beautiful belt. The "river" and "belt" in this sentence are two essentially different things, and they have similarities, so this sentence is a figurative sentence; She is a lot like her sister. "She" and "her elder sister" are both human beings with the same essence, which will not constitute a metaphor.
There must be similarities between Party A and Party B. ..
Example 3: Overpasses have sprung up one after another. This is a metaphor: ontology overpass and metaphor have similarities, that is, the rapid development of overpass is the same as the rapid growth of mushrooms after rain.
Second, pay attention to the following sentences containing words such as "like", "as if" and "as if".
Sometimes these words do not act as metaphors in sentences, but have other ideographic functions, which are listed below for reference.
1. means to guess. It's dark, as if it is going to rain. Although "it's getting dark" and "it's going to rain" in this sentence are related, there is no similarity between them.
It means that similar things have the same appearance. She looks a lot like her mother. "She" and "her mother" look the same, but they are both of the same kind, so this sentence is not a figurative sentence.
3. Express similar things for comparison. She is very much like her mother in character. Here we compare the "character" of "them". Although there are similarities, the object of expression is "personality", which is the same in essence and the same kind, so this sentence is not a metaphor.
4. Quotations indicating examples, if used together, constitute an enumeration. In recent years, there have been many wonderful books, such as talking books, "TV recording" books and so on.
5. Express your imagination. At the thought of tomorrow's military training, he was very excited, as if he had suddenly become a brave soldier.
Third, distinguish between metaphor and personification.
Metaphor focuses on "metaphor", personification focuses on "imitation", personification, giving things words and deeds or thoughts and feelings, and describing things with words that describe people. Pet-name ruby: Poplar is a gentleman among trees. Don't think that "a gentleman" is a person, just take this sentence as personification. "Poplar" and "gentleman" have similarities, such as "stalwart, tall and straight, unyielding and tall and straight". The author did not use words to describe people writing "Poplar", so this sentence should be a metaphor.
In short, in order to accurately identify and correctly use metaphor rhetoric, we must keep in mind the two essential conditions that constitute metaphor, and be careful not to treat all sentences with "image", "as if" and "as if" as figurative sentences.
② Metaphor
Structural form: ontology+metaphor+vehicle.
Metaphor words: ontology is directly described as a carrier, and metaphor is generally served by words such as "yes, change, success, success and action".
Example 1: Liberalism is a corrosive agent.
Example 2: Homesickness is a small stamp.
Example 3: Jiangshan, Wan Li has become a world of cosmetics.
Exodus 4: Jinci Temple is really a bright pearl among the beautiful rivers and mountains in China.
③ Metaphor
Structural features: only metaphors, ontologies and metaphors appear. It is the highest form of figurative sentences.
Exodus 1: Dr. Sun Yat-sen kept his promise, followed his example and never fired empty shots.
Exodus 2: (Gale) smashed these large jadeites into dust, fog and powder.
2. Metonymy
This is a rhetorical way of replacing the things to be expressed with related things.
Common types:
(1) Replace ontology with ontology features: this thing must be made of a red scarf.
2 replace the whole with the part of the ontology: don't bring the masses.
(3) Concrete rather than abstract examples: South China Morning Post has a history of ten years. (generational war)
★ The difference between metonymy and metonymy
Metonymy and metonymy are often confused because they both have the word "borrow". How to distinguish whether a figure of speech is metonymy or metonymy? One of the most commonly used methods is reduction.
1. Metonymy is a metaphor and the highest form of metaphor. Ontology and figurative words do not appear, and ontology is directly replaced by vehicle. Metaphor and ontology are similar, from which we can think of ontology, which can be found out according to the specific context, and add the word "image" to restore metonymy to the form of simile. For example, can sparrows know the ambition of swans? "Swallow" and "swan" are both metaphors, and we simplify them into similes: those who are short-sighted are like sparrows; I am like a swan flying in Wan Li.
Metonymy is an independent figure of speech, which abandons the original name of a person or thing and replaces it with the name of a related person or thing. There is an association between the substitute name (ontology) and the borrowing name (borrowing body). You can't add metaphors between them to form similes. There is a red scarf over there. "Red scarf" is a metonymy, which replaces the Young Pioneers with the signs of the Young Pioneers. You can't say young players are like red scarves. Another example: political power comes out of the barrel of a gun. "Gun barrel" is a metonymy, and "gun barrel" is used instead of "armed struggle". Because "armed struggle" must use guns, the two are related. It cannot be said that armed struggle is like a gun.
Example 1: If I want to hear ghosts cry sadly, I will cry and laugh. Tears to the hero, stand tall, draw a sword to help.
(Comment: Use "ghosts" and "jackals" to compare the cruel and insidious Gang of Four. You can form a sentence in simile format like a jackal, such as "the cruel and insidious Gang of Four". )
Example 2: I seem to have a cold shiver; I know there is a thick barrier of sadness between us, and I can't say anything.
(Comment: Use "thick barrier" to compare the gap between "I" and leap soil. You can form a simile sentence like "the gap between us is like a thick barrier of sadness")
Exodus 1: No ear confusion, no tedious work.
(Comment: "Sizhu" is to borrow the ontology to replace the ontology "Sizhu Music"-that is, "Music")
Example 2: The yellow hair is drooping and enjoying itself.
Comment: The body "yellow hair" replaces the noumenon "old man" and the body "drooping" replaces the noumenon "child". )
Step 3 be parallel
Concept: Three or more phrases or sentences with similar meaning, similar structure or the same are arranged together.
Function: enhance the sense of language potential and rhythm, which is more conducive to expressing feelings.
Type:
(1) phrases in the sentence, such as:
(1) A person's ability varies greatly, but as long as he has this spirit, he is a noble person, a pure person, a moral person, and a person who breaks away from low tastes and benefits the people.
(2) The arms, legs and whole body of the younger generation are fighting vigorously, fighting quickly and fighting ups and downs. It shocks you, burns you and threatens you.
Example (1) is a parallelism consisting of five radical phrases in the form of "one …… person"; Example (2) is preceded by a parallelism consisting of three radical phrases in the form of "…", followed by a parallelism consisting of three verb-object phrases ... you ".
(2) Clause parallelism, some parallelism is composed of sentences. For example:
(1) Every dance is full of power. Every dance is spinning. Every dance is a hasty change of light and shadow. Every dance makes people tremble and marvel at the intense artistic enjoyment.
(2) Remind people that when the flag of sunshine falls, the wind in A?vagho?a is rustling!
Remind people: Thunder thousands of miles away, the flash of Wan Li!
Remind people: dark and clear, clear and dark, and then clear forever!
③ Parallelism of complex sentences ④ Parallelism of paragraphs (sections)
Generally speaking, there is a parallel relationship between the parallel items, but sometimes there are differences in order, size and weight. Pay attention to their arrangement order. For example:
What the sculptor means is that it is better to carve a stone statue casually than not. If you want to carve, you have to carve the hero alive, so that people who see the stone statue can know and understand the hero and worship the hero.
The three phrases that make up parallelism in this sentence have a logical order, and the order cannot be reversed.
Parallelism often gives people a sense of unity, fluent language, strong sense of rhythm and momentum, which can enhance the persuasiveness and appeal of the article. For example:
Make a determined effort as soon as you hit it, and forget yourself! Hundreds of young people with oblique drums, such as hundreds of stones hit by strong earthquakes, dance wildly in front of you. Like a shower, it is a rapid drum sound; Like a whirlwind, it is a flying tassel; Like a frog, it is a jumping step; Like a spark, it is a flashing pupil; Fighting tigers is a powerful charm. What a magnificent, bold and vigorous dance broke out on the Loess Plateau-Ansai waist drum!
This paragraph uses parallelism in three places to push the strength and beauty of Ansai waist drum to the extreme.
repeat
The intentional repetition of a word or sentence in an article is repetition.
Function: It has the function of emphasis and is used to express strong feelings.
Type: ① Repeat example: get up, get up, get up!
② Interval repetition
Exodus: When I was discouraged, you encouraged me; When I failed, you encouraged me.
★ The difference between parallelism and repetition
(1) parallelism is at least three sentences, and complex sentences are more than two sentences.
(2) Parallelism sentences have the same or similar structure, the same tone, the same meaning and the same word meaning; A complex sentence is the repetition of two or more identical sentences for emphasis.
Exodus 1: A person's ability varies greatly, but as long as he has this spirit, he is a noble person, a pure person, a moral person, and a person who breaks away from low tastes and benefits the people. (parallelism)
Exodus 2: Seagulls groan and groan before the storm. (repeat)
personification
Writing creatures, inanimate objects and abstract things other than people as adults, endowing things with people's words and deeds or thoughts and feelings, and describing things with words describing people is called personification.
Exodus: Oil flies sing here and crickets play the piano here.
(Comment: Insects are endowed with human behaviors and feelings. )
Function: write animals, birds, insects, flowers, trees or other inanimate things into adults, so that specific things are personalized and the language is vivid.
Example: peach tree, apricot tree and plum tree, if you don't let me, I won't let you. They are all in full bloom.
★ The difference between personification and metaphor
When judging rhetoric, metaphors related to people are often judged as personification.
The Yellow River is the mother of our Chinese nation.
★ 【 Metaphor and analogy 】
Metaphor and analogy are two common figures of speech, and they are often vague when used. How can we tell the difference between the two? The key is to clarify the concept.
Metaphor is to use some similarities between different things to explain one thing to another. Comparison is to say things as adults or people, or to say things as things. Metaphor is metaphor, which is related to the similarity between this thing and metaphor. Analogy is description, which is linked by human association and imagination.
A complete metaphor includes noumenon, vehicle and figurative words. Such as: "* * * producer is like the sun." "* * * production party" is the noumenon, "sun" is the carrier and "image" is the figurative word. Ontology and carrier are connected by similarity, which can give people light and warmth. For example, according to people's imagination and association, directly write this thing as a quasi-thing. For example, birds sing and flowers laugh. Birds and flowers can't "sing" and "laugh" like people, but people can imagine that they can sing and laugh. If there are no related words, just describe them directly.
exaggerate
A figure of speech that deliberately enlarges or narrows the image, characteristics, function and degree of things in order to meet the needs of some expression. Exaggeration is not exaggeration, but deliberate and reasonable exaggeration, so we can't lose the foundation and basis of life.
Function: Reveal the essence of things, set off the atmosphere, strengthen the rendering power and cause the associative effect.
Types of exaggeration:
Extended example: when the oil workers roared, the ground shook three times.
He is too narrow-minded to tolerate big things.
(3) In advance, it means that the first one will appear late and the last one will appear first.
Exodus She was drunk before she picked up her glass.
Exaggeration is deliberately exaggerating objective things to emphasize or highlight some characteristics of things and express some strong thoughts and feelings. Everyone knows Li Bai's "Looking at Lushan Waterfall", which uses exaggeration.
Rizhao incense burner produces purple smoke,
Looking at the waterfall hanging in front of Sichuan.
Flying down from 3,000 feet,
It's been nine days since I suspected that the Milky Way had set.
"Three thousands of feet" and "Nine Days" are not facts, they are all exaggerated statements. Through such exaggeration, the author highlights the momentum of the waterfall and expresses his sigh for the waterfall.
Exaggeration can be magnified exaggeration, that is, image, nature, state, characteristics, degree and so on. Things are deliberately said to be big, multifaceted, fast, high and strong. For example:
He doesn't care about his army. He doesn't like going to the theater or going to the park by carriage-unless it's to show off his new clothes. He changes a suit every hour every day. When people mention him, they always say, "The emperor is in the dressing room." (Andersen's "The Emperor's New Clothes")
First, the emperor cares nothing but his clothes. Then, he used an extremely exaggerated statement-"I have to change a suit every day and every hour", saying that there are so many "changing clothes", which emphasized the characteristics of the emperor to the extreme.
In his "Sixteen-character Order", Mao Zedong praised the heroic spirit of the Red Army soldiers in overwhelming all enemies and overcoming all difficulties. He didn't directly describe the soldiers, but set them off with the height of the mountain, and also used exaggeration:
Mountain, galloping without saddle, surprised to look back, three feet three from the sky.
In people's minds, the sky is high and out of reach. The author skillfully uses this psychology to express his praise by exaggerating the fact that soldiers climb mountains and the sky is near the mountains.
Exaggeration can also be reductive exaggeration, that is, deliberately describing the image, nature, state, characteristics and degree of things as low, small, short, few, light and weak. For example:
While studying, the sculptor imagined in his mind that the model of the stone statue was gradually completed. He has thought about what the overall posture of the stone statue should be, what its face should be, it should be as small as a finger and as thin as a hair.
(Ye Shengtao's Stone Statue of Ancient Heroes)
Considering the shape of the stone statue, "as small as a finger" and "as thin as a hair" are all taken into account. In such an exaggerated way, the author emphasized the sculptor's meticulous and thorough thinking, which paved the way for the following. Another example is Lu Xun's words in A Little Thing:
It has been six years since I ran from the countryside to the capital.
Originally it was six years, but the author said it was "a blink of an eye", which highlighted the speed of time.
Things appear in sequence, and it is an exaggeration to say that things that appear after them appear first or at the same time. We call it pre-exaggeration. For example, it is an exaggeration to say that a girl is shy and often says, "She blushes before speaking". Another example is Mo Bosang's short story My Uncle Yule. When the father who wrote "I" asked the captain if this man was his brother, he wrote:
The captain replied coldly, "he is an old rascal in France ... I heard that he lived there for a while, but look where he has fallen today!" " "My father's face turned white and his eyes were straight. ...
It should have been after listening to it, but the author said it was "white", showing his father's extreme disappointment and fear.
Exaggeration is often used in combination with metaphor to exaggerate facts and play an emphasis role. For example:
The bodies of the enemy piled up in front of the mountain like a valley, and the hill was dyed red with blood.
(Wei Wei, "Who is the cutest person")
There are as many litchi trees in Conghua as the sea in Wang Yang. In the flowering season, bees are buzzing all over the place, so busy that they forget the morning and evening.
(Yang Shuo's "Litchi Honey")
How magnificent the scenery is! The crane of a hundred cranes, like feathers swaying in a hurricane, flies lightly; Like a huge whirlpool in the sea, it rises slowly. (Jiang Huan's "He Qun Xiang Kong")
Exaggeration is very common in China's ancient literary works, especially in poems, such as Li Bai's poem How the Yellow River Water Moves Out of Heaven.
"White-haired people send black-haired people three thousands of feet" and "It's hard to get through, it's hard to get to the sky" are all exaggerated. Some idioms also contain exaggerated meanings.
Such as "Sweating like rain", "staring", "Earth-shattering", "Swallowing mountains and rivers" and "Close call".
7. Contrast
This is a rhetorical method used to compare two opposite or opposing things, or two different aspects of a thing.
Its function is to enrich the language. Specifically: the contrast between two things-revealing the opposition between good and bad, good and evil, beauty and ugliness, so that people can be identified in the comparison. The contrast between things reveals the opposite of things, reflects the dialectical relationship between internal contradictions and unity, and makes people look at the problem comprehensively. Make the good look better and the bad look worse.
Example: Some people are alive, but they are dead. Some people died, but he is still alive.
8. Duality
Pairing two sentences with the same number of words, the same structure and related meanings is called duality.
The sentences are neat, the syllables are harmonious, the words are concise and the thoughts are concise, which can play a good expression effect.
Exodus: Look at a thousand fingers, bow your head and be a willing ox.
★. The difference between "duality" and "contrast"
1. Duality means that the upper and lower sentences are related or similar in meaning; Contrast refers to the opposite or relative meaning of the upper and lower sentences.
Exodus 1: gather when you see a good omen, and flee when you see a bad omen. (contrast)
Exodus 2: Modesty makes people progress, while pride makes people lag behind. (contrast)
2. Duality means that the upper and lower common words cannot be repeated, and the number of words must be equal; Contrast means that the upper and lower sentences are repeated, and the number of words can be different.
Example 1: The reeds on the wall are top-heavy and shallow; Bamboo shoots in the mountains have a thick mouth and an empty stomach. (double)
Example 2; Don't say it to your face and talk nonsense behind your back; Don't talk at the meeting, talk nonsense after the meeting. (Contrast, repetition of upper and lower words)
Step 9 ask questions
In order to attract others' attention, ask questions first and then answer them yourself.
Function: Remind people to think, and some highlight some problems.
Why are flowers so red? First of all, it has its material basis.
Asking questions is to deliberately ask questions where there is no doubt, and then answer them yourself to attract readers' attention and thinking. Liu Zengshan used rhetorical questions many times in his prose Autumn Soul. For example:
What color is autumn?
Xiaomi said: Autumn is yellow. My name is autumn wind blowing yellow. Sorghum said: Autumn is red, so I call it autumn red. Cotton said: autumn is white, otherwise, where can there be such white clothes? Nothing like saying: autumn is dark, and I bloom as proof. Song and Bai said: There is no difference between autumn and summer. They are all as green as me. ...
Autumn shook her head and said: no, no, I am colorful. How monotonous autumn would be if I belonged to only one color!
Ask yourself "what color is autumn" first, then let different fruits give different answers, and finally let autumn stand up and speak for herself. The question is used here. Another example is:
Who is our loveliest person? Our soldiers, I think they are the cutest people.
(Wei Wei, "Who is the cutest person")
It is also typical to ask questions first, and then the author gives the answer himself.
The purpose of asking questions is to attract readers' attention. Sometimes, you can use rhetorical questions together. Generally, rhetorical questions are more powerful than direct answers. For example:
My friend, how did you feel when you heard this heroic story? Don't you think our soldiers are cute? Aren't you proud that our motherland has such a hero? (Wei Wei, "Who is the cutest person")
The author first asked a question, and then answered it with two rhetorical questions, which left a deep impression on the readers.
Although rhetorical questions and rhetorical questions are undoubtedly asked, they are also different. Asking questions is asking yourself and answering yourself, asking questions first and then answering them yourself; A rhetorical question is a question without an answer, and the answer lies in the question. For example:
How can I repay my mother for her kindness? I will continue to be loyal to our nation and people, and to the hope of our nation and people-the Chinese Production Party, so that people living with their mothers can live happily. This is what I can do, I will do it. (Zhu De's "Missing Mother")
(2) When Mao and Zhu led the team down the mountain, didn't they also use such a pole?
(Yuan Ying's "Jinggang Cuizhu")
It is a rhetorical question to ask a question first and then give the answer to it. Ask only questions, the answer is implied in the questions, and use rhetorical questions.
10.
Ask without doubt, express clear meaning in the form of doubt, ask negation in the form of affirmation, and ask affirmation in the form of negation.
For me, don't I have anything to blame?
A rhetorical question is to express a certain meaning in the form of a question, asking only without answering. Rhetorical questions are also called rhetorical questions or rhetorical questions. For example:
Big ship? Uncle Ba's boat didn't come back?
The underlined sentence looks like a question, but it is actually not a question. No one needs to answer, because Shuangxi knows that Uncle Ba's boat is back. The form of this question is only for rhetorical needs, and the purpose is to remind people around us.
A rhetorical question can express a positive meaning in a negative form. For example:
(1) Hebei Bangzi, which is very exciting, isn't this our own "Rolling Stone Music"?
(2) How can I not like such a teacher and how can I not get close to her?
(3) Even if it is a March or a scherzo, when this song is learned and put into your mind, when everything changes, won't the March in memory become more and more gentle with the passage of time? Even the most exciting and cheerful songs, is it a bit lonely to sing alone?
Example (1) uses the negative form of "no" to express the positive meaning of "this is our own original" rolling stone music "; Example (2) Use negative rhetorical questions such as "How could I not like it" and "How could I not want to" to express positive meanings such as "I like it very much" and "I would like to"; Example (3) Use the negative rhetorical question "Isn't it?"
Rhetorical questions can also express negative meaning in a positive form. For example:
(1) You didn't speak well yesterday. How could you?
(2) The next day, the author remembered that the ferryman had already gone with that formidable man, and there was no ferryman. What can he do? So he automatically became a ferryman. I changed my route from then on.
Example (1) expresses the negative meaning of "can't be like this" with a positive "how can it be like this"; Example (2) Use positive "how to do" to express negative "no".
Rhetorical questions express clear meaning in the form of questions, which can express clear meaning more vividly and strongly and leave a deeper impression on readers. For example:
(1) and a man my age can't take care of himself?
(2) Is there any fruit in the world that ripens without wind and rain?
Is there any fruit in the world that ripens without sun exposure?
Example (1) emphasizes that "I" can take care of myself by negative rhetorical questions, which is stronger than expressing feelings directly. Example (2) Through affirmative rhetorical questions, it is more vivid to emphasize that there is no fruit that ripens without being beaten by wind, rain and sun than to say it directly.
★ The difference between rhetorical question and rhetorical question
Both rhetorical questions and rhetorical questions are asked with questions, but rhetorical questions ask themselves and answer themselves, attracting readers' attention and thinking, while rhetorical questions ask without answering to strengthen the tone.
Exodus 1: Who is our loveliest person? It's our soldiers.
Exodus 2: Do you think it's just a tree?
1 1.
Quoting ready-made words to improve the effect of language expression can be divided into direct quotation and indirect quotation.
Example: "Modesty makes people progress, while pride makes people lag behind". We should remember this truth.
★ Predicative image sentence pattern
Predicative image sentence, also known as image sentence, is a descriptive sentence pattern for writing. Its main feature is that "Xiang" (as if) is taken as the head of the predicate or the restrictive word of the head of the predicate. If the specific contextual meaning and vivid expression effect are taken as the standard, there are the following types:
(1) said speculation, speculation.
Example 1: Sir, something seems to be wrong.
Exodus 2: He seems to be standing still in the water, and he doesn't know where the road is, what is around him and what is around him. He only felt the biting water pouring all over his body. (Describe the situation speculatively)
(2) said the same or similar things, that is, for comparison.
Example 1: When the second sister's daughter grows up, she is no longer like her grandmother and mother. In the beautiful spring, she has to spend money to satisfy her hunger.
Exodus 2: Like his father, his eyes are swollen all around.
Example 3: Let's talk about the wild onion. Smells like domestic onions, tastes like fresh plums, and is bitter.
③ indicates enumeration and examples.
Example 1: On the contrary, things like basic needs, basic difficulties, basic severity, basic fever … are not easy to understand.
For a person who is used to living in Beiping, it is a miracle that it doesn't wind in winter: there is no wind in Jinan in winter.
(4) refers to the imagination or association of a situation.
Exodus 1: Looking at it, this floral dress seems to be blown by the wind, which makes you want to see more beautiful goatskin.
Exodus 2: There seems to be no one in the street, and the road seems to have suddenly widened a lot. It's empty without any chill, and the white hair is scary.
(5) refers to imitate a situation.
Example 1: When my sister-in-law is around, she seems to laugh for three points and make a determined effort for seven points.
⑥ means exaggeration or personification.
Example 1: A gust of wind blew, and Phyllostachys pubescens rang loudly, as if anxiously shouting, "Send us down the mountain quickly, and don't keep us waiting for old age. How much the socialist construction of the motherland needs us! " (personification)
Exodus 2: As soon as the tea is taken in, sweat will flow out of the body, as if the body is empty and there will be no more water. (exaggerated)
Exodus 3: The wind with the rain star, like looking for something on the ground, bumps from east to west. (personification)
All landowners metaphor and exaggeration.
Exodus 1: As soon as the sun came out, the ground was already on fire.
This is a figurative sentence, and the sentence is omitted, which means "the ground just after the sun comes out is like the ground that is already on fire." It is an exaggeration to use "under fire" as a metaphor for the heat of the earth under the scorching sun. )
8 metaphor. Different from "comparison", metaphor is a comparison of different kinds of things.
Example 1: The little girl smiled happily, as if shaking a string of happy copper bells.
Exodus 2: Even that finger looks like a flag of victory.
★ The difference between metaphor and comparison
Metaphor in the sense of (1) is to compare things that are similar to things A, but these two things are different things. Comparison means comparing two different things, A and B, and judging the similarities and differences according to certain standards. The two things are the same thing.
Exodus 1: everyone publicizes his heroic deeds. One told two stories, two told three stories, and the more they spread, the wider they spread. It's like a fairy. (symbolically)
Exodus 2: Like his father, his eyes were red and swollen. (contrast)
② In sentence form, there are four figurative forms and four comparative forms.
Metaphor: like (as if) ...; seem ...
Just like ...; same as ...
Comparison: same as; just as ...
Just like ...; same as ...
③ Substitution can be used to distinguish metaphor and comparison.
Generally speaking, whenever the word "same" can be replaced by "similar" and the original meaning of a sentence remains unchanged, it is a metaphor, and vice versa.
Example 1: The euphemistic song of the oriole in the tree is like a cool spring.
Exodus, I will go like you.
Exodus 3: The euphemistic song of the oriole in the tree is like a cool spring.
I'm going to Exodus as if I were going with you.
(Comment: After the substitution of Example 3, the meaning of the sentence remains unchanged, which is a metaphor.
After substitution, if the sentence is ambiguous, it is comparison. )
12. Pun
Make the language humorous and interesting. Make the expression subtle and tortuous, vivid and lively, and enhance the expressive force of the article.
13. Ding Zhen
Generally speaking, the links are closely linked and fascinating.
Specifically: discussion and reasoning should be accurate, detailed and thorough. Lyric freehand brushwork, fresh style. Narrative, coherent.
14. Iron
Express the intimate feelings between people;
Expose criticism, sarcasm, humor and wit, and make the article full of fighting spirit.