2065438+On June 25th, 2009, the symposium on the special issue of "Jiuzhoujiang Poetry Group" and "Jintian" was held in Nanning. The special issue * * * published 268 poems by 30 Jiuzhoujiang poets, including 9 poor works of my own. The symposium launched a heated discussion around some problems in current poetry creation, and I also said a few words, which are recorded as follows:
Bai Juyi, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, has an image metaphor for poetry in Nine Books with the Same Yuan. He said: "Poets are rooted in emotion, Miao characters, Hua Sheng and true meaning." He compared poetry to plants, flowers are flowers, and fruits are fruits. Emotion is the root of poetry, language is the seedling of poetry, rhyme is the flower of poetry and connotation is the fruit of poetry. Emotion, words, sounds and meanings complement each other and are indispensable. Only the seedlings with deep roots and lush leaves will thrive and the seedlings will be more colorful; I quite agree with this statement.
? In poetry, emotion is the foundation and extremely important, so it is put in the first place. Guo Moruo said: "The essence of poetry is lyricism." Cang Kejia said: Poetry is unique in the field of literature and art, and the word' lyric' is written on the banner. The poet Kang also said: Poetry is the literature of subject emotion. You can't write a poem without emotion, and you can't write a poem without richness. "It can be seen that you can't write a poem without emotion and emotion, at least you can't write a touching poem. When you want to vent your emotions, you will have the urge to sing, sing and write, and you will accumulate strong emotional feelings at a certain moment. The impulse you want to express is what people often call inspiration.
? Many people often say that you can't write a poem without inspiration. What is the inspiration? Personally, I think inspiration is that emotions are touched and triggered at a certain moment. With the impulse and passion of that moment, you can spit it out to the beyond level.
It can be seen that without feelings and emotions, there will be no impulse to write and no impulse to write. Without this impulse to express, just spelling words in order to complete homework or tasks will definitely be very tired, difficult and bad.
However, emotion alone is not enough, and poetry should also emphasize appropriate language, proper rhyme and profound meaning.
The Italian writer Boccaccio put it very well. He said, "No matter how deeply the impulse of poetry stirs the soul, if you lack the necessary means to express your thoughts, you will rarely accomplish anything worthy of appreciation." That is to say: although I am inspired, I can't write a good poem if my literary foundation is too poor, I don't know grammar and rhetoric, and I'm not good at expression. In addition, you should at least know some principles about morality, nature and other knowledge, master rich and powerful vocabulary, appreciate ancient monuments and relics, and memorize the geographical conditions of the sea, land, rivers and mountains around the country. Because of rich knowledge, we can make good use of poetry, enhance the depth and breadth of poetry, and make it more readable and lasting.
? If we only have passion and delicate emotions, but not rich knowledge reserves, we will feel frustrated and helpless when using books, and we will find that what we express and what we want to express are always so far away that it is difficult to satisfy ourselves and even more difficult for readers to like it. Therefore, if you want to express what you want to express incisively and vividly, you must have the ability to master the language skillfully and use artistic techniques suitable for expression and expression.
There are many expressions, such as personification metaphor, synaesthesia, exaggeration, symbol, contrast and so on.
For example, Du Fu's "Spring Watch" and "Where the petals have fallen like tears, and the lonely bird has sung sorrow" are anthropomorphic, while our poet friend Lv Xiaochunqiu's "Autumn Day" is also anthropomorphic, and Li Yu's "The Mermaid" is a metaphor to ask how much you can worry about, just like a river flowing eastward.
As for synaesthesia, the word has never appeared in classical poetics, but it is used in many ancient poems. For example, "the shadows are shallow, and the fragrance wafts at dusk", "the branches of red apricots are full of spring", and another example is Bai Juyi's Pipa Trip: "The big strings sing like rain, and the small strings whisper like dense words; Humming, whispering-and then mixing together, just like pouring large and small pearls into a plate of jade; Guan Yingying's ass was slippery when she spoke, and we heard a stream sobbing painfully on the beach. By checking its cold touch, this string seems to be broken, as if it can't pass; And notes, fade away. The depth of sadness and the hiding of sadness are more told in silence than in voice. A silver vase suddenly burst, pouring out a stream of water, jumping out of the conflict and blow between armored horses and weapons. Before she put down the pick, her stroke was over, and all four strings made a sound, just like tearing silk. " Here, the sound of rain, whispers, pearls falling on the jade plate, warblers, silent throat springs, broken silver bottles, swords and guns hitting each other, and tears are the same as the sound of pipa, which is a kind of sound. As for modern poetry, it is used more. For example, Zhu Ziqing's Only Remaining "In the faint fragrance,/I saw the faint shadow of yesterday-/Far away, far away." There are only three lines in the whole poem, but it gives people unlimited imagination and is very artistic.
? Exaggeration is deliberate exaggeration, such as Lu You's "Three Wan Li rivers and seas, five thousand mountains climb skyscrapers." ; Li Bai's: "The dangerous building is 100 feet high, and the hand can pick the stars." And "White hair and three thousands of feet, sorrow is like a beard", "Flying straight down to thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days." Wait a minute.
? Symbol is a metaphor and a mapping description of things. Such as Cang Kejia's "Old Horse" and the famous Japanese poet Kawai Fanzhi's "Germination". Of course, there is the Tiger Collection written by Gao Zuoku, Secretary General of Yulin Writers Association. Metaphor and mapping are widely used in many poems in his works.
? The use of contrast in poetry is also a good way to express it, that is, to compare one thing with another, to write happiness with sadness, to write happiness with sadness, to write quietness with noise, for example, "The apes on both sides of the strait can't stop crying, and the canoe has passed Chung Shan Man." Another example is Zhao Wei's "Building by the River Feeling Old". "Dujiang Loujing, the moonlight is like water." Where are the people who came to see the moon together? The scenery is vaguely like last year. "
? There are many ways to express language, and the means of expression is just one of them. Because of the limited time, it is difficult to discuss.
? After talking about roots and seedlings, it is time to talk about flowers. Since flowers are sounds and sounds are also rhymes, then rhymes should be beautiful. Poetry, poetry can be sung, and good poetry should be easy to recite and sing. Many people think that "a prose is a poem", but I don't agree. Poetry is different from prose, which can't be sung by music. Prose pays most attention to form and spirit. There is no such thing as rhythm. Poetry is about rhythm. If the poem is not cadenced, it will lose its beauty and prosody. A poem with Kubinashi rhyme is hard to compose into a song, even if it is composed into a song, it is hard to sing. A short poem should be widely circulated and permanently circulated, and it should be written as easily as possible and easy to recite.
? Finally, I will briefly talk about fruit.
? Do you think it is enough for a poem to have feelings, good language and good charm? No, I don't think it's enough. With roots, seedlings, flowers and results, it is perfect.
? Fruit is meaning and connotation. It is not enough for a poem to have feelings and be beautifully written. Must have connotation and clear theme. After all, although poetry expresses feelings, it is more important to express ambitions. It is said that literature is like people, and poetry is also a kind of literature. Therefore, poetry is like a person. The realm of poetry is the expression of personality and the crystallization of people's comprehensive quality. Poets must be able to jump out of the ego, stand at the height of nationality, history and society, and expand the "ego" to "self" in order to truly sublimate and write poems.
This is the end of my speech. Thank you for listening, and please criticize and correct me.