Generally, there are eight verses, forty words for five-character verses and fifty-six words for seven-character verses. More than eight sentences is a long method, mostly five words and seven words, but not too many. Generally, there are only four lines of quatrains, so the number of words is only half of that of regular poems. There are 20 words in five-character quatrains and 28 words in seven-character quatrains.
2. Different classifications and requirements
Quatrains are also called broken sentences, broken sentences and broken poems. Every four sentences, metrical requirements are not as strict as metrical poems, and they are generally five or seven words. Known as the five wonders, seven wonders, and occasionally six wonders.
3. The number of sentences is different
The quatrains stipulate four sentences for each poem, while the usual rhymes stipulate eight sentences for each poem. If there are only six sentences, it is called a small law or a three-rhyme poem; More than 8 sentences, that is, 10 sentences, are called exclusive laws or long laws.
Rhyme requires the whole poem to rhyme, and the rhyme is limited; The second, fourth, sixth and eighth sentences rhyme, the first sentence can be put on or off, and the words of each rhyming sentence are flat. There are "flat rise" and "flat rise" in the upper and lower sentences. In addition, the metrical requirements of metrical poems also apply to quatrains, but the level and level of quatrains are not as strict as metrical poems.
Extended data
1, the genre evolution of metrical poems
Rhyme is one of the basic forms of modern poetry (in the Tang Dynasty, rhyme was used as a general term for modern poetry, including modern quatrains, which were later divided). It sprouted from Shen Yue's new-style poems which focused on rhythm and antithesis, sprouted in the Qi Yongming period of the Southern Dynasties, took shape in the early years of the prosperous Tang Dynasty and matured in the middle and late Tang Dynasty.
There are three types of physical metrical poems in Qi and Liang Dynasties: comparison (referring to the metrical form in which all poems are not adhered to each other), adhesion (referring to the metrical form in which all poems are adhered to each other) and mixed rhythm (referring to the metrical form in which all poems are adhered to each other), but comparison is the main one, which is far from perfect modern poetry.
Among them, from the middle and late Liang Dynasty to Chen, there are some works by Yin Keng, Yu Xin, Xu Ling and others. It is very close to the regular poems of the Tang Dynasty. Su Yang, Lu Sidao, Xue Daoheng and others in the Sui Dynasty, combined with the gorgeous ci works in the Southern Dynasty and the fresh and vigorous atmosphere in the northern region, created some beautiful and healthy poems, which pointed out the direction for the development of poetry in the transitional period.
2. Genre evolution of quatrains.
The quatrains originated from the short chapters of Yuefu in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, and their names may come from the "couplets" written by literati in the Six Dynasties. According to the literature, there was a custom of writing poems in the banquets of literati in the Six Dynasties, and each person wrote four sentences and five words to synthesize a whole poem. If you cut off what everyone has done and do a separate article, it is called "unique skill", and the name of the quatrains comes from this.
The absolutely unique concept of four sentences is naturally formed. Since the Book of Songs, most poems have taken four sentences as a paragraph. The poems in The Book of Songs are mostly four words and four sentences, which the ancients called "a chapter". During the Han and Wei Dynasties, there were very few four-sentence poems as a whole, so it is not necessary to define four-sentence poems as poetic nouns, that is to say, four-sentence poems did not become the standard.
However, in a long poem, the creative method of four sentences is naturally formed. After the Jin and Song Dynasties, due to the influence of folk songs, poets liked to imitate four folk songs, and a large number of small poems with five words and four sentences appeared.
After the Qi and Liang Dynasties, four sentences and one absolutely became the norm of poetry and were given the name "absolutely". The "broken sentences", "short sentences" and "quatrains" in the Southern Dynasties are all used to refer to poems with five words and four sentences.
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