Nguyn Phuc Anh is also aware that the situation in the newly occupied northern city area is very complicated. There are not only the remnants of the Li Dynasty and Zheng Zhu's forces after their support, but also local tyrants who are entrenched in mountainous areas and difficult to manage by the imperial court. These forces are still strong. Nguyn Phuc Anh thought that the northern part of the city was "arrogant and stubborn" and difficult to govern. Therefore, he did not follow the practice of setting Hanoi as the capital in previous dynasties, but chose the capital in Hue, the ruling center of Lord Nguyen in previous dynasties. /kloc-in 0/803, Li Zhi, Fan Wenren and Ruan were ordered to build Hue Imperial City in Fuchun City as the administrative center of Ruan Dynasty, referring to the architectural style of the Forbidden City in China.
Nguyn Phuc Anh decided to appoint various forces in the northern cities as officials. Eleven towns in the north city are divided into five towns in the inner city and six towns in the outer city: the five towns in the inner city are the five towns in the south, which are managed by the old ministers of the Li Dynasty; Wailiu Town is one of the six towns near the mountainous area of China-Vietnam border, which is managed by local local tyrants. After Nguyn Phuc Anh destroyed the Western Mountain Dynasty, he rewarded the soldiers who had rendered meritorious service and allowed the old and infirm to return to the fields. He also rewarded and built temples to worship the fallen soldiers. He formulated the art of war: one in each town from Guangping to Pingshun, one in five towns south of Bianhe, one in seven towns north of Hejing and one in ten towns north. Qin Bing, Imperial and Elite, collectively known as the Three Soldiers, were set up around Gyeonggi to guard Hue. Each town set up Indiana Jones, recruited troops and hired horses, and was divided into three shifts. Ruan Chao set five armies as the capital, and the leader was the emperor's confidant. To use the army, all five armies are leading troops to fight.
As for weapons, Ruan Chao's army mainly used swords, sabres and bronze cannons, as well as western guns. Ruanchao set up three shooting ranges in Hue, and soldiers practiced shooting once a year. However, the Ruan court was very harsh in using foreign guns. Only five of the 50 people in each team have bird heads, and each person is only allowed to use six bullets per year. Those who exceed this figure must pay compensation.
Nguyn Phuc Anh attaches great importance to the military preparation of seaports, and has set up forts at all ports to inspect passing ships. The great ship was built to patrol the sea. Nguyn Phuc Anh has taken a severe attack on South China pirates active in the South China Sea. 1802, shortly after Nguyn Phuc Anh overthrew the Xishan dynasty, loyal officials of Ruan Dynasty captured Jiangping (now Jiangping Town, dongxing city, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China), a stronghold of pirates in South China, and captured and beheaded the famous pirate leader Zheng Qi. Since then, the loyalists have wiped out the pirate bases in South China along the coast of Vietnam, and the pirate forces in South China have been hit hard, so they have to leave Vietnam and return to China and Guangdong for development. In terms of fiscal revenue, Nguyn Phuc Anh has re-enacted laws on salaries tax and farmland tax. Ruan Chao divided the country's fields into three classes, and measured the amount of land tax collection according to the quality of the fields. If the local area encounters natural disasters, or the state commandeers able-bodied men to build roads, dig rivers, build cities, etc. Will reduce taxes as appropriate. Nguyn Phuc Anh has established the system of "Ding Shu" and "Tian Shu", and the local authorities conduct a survey on the able-bodied men (/kloc-men over 8 years old and under 59 years old) and fields every five years, and compile them into books. Promulgating laws and regulations to prohibit the sale of the commons that prevailed in the post-Li era, but allowing the lease of the commons for three years in an emergency; Those who fail to pay back within the time limit will be punished by law.
Nguyn Phuc Anh has also formulated business tax and mining tax, as well as incense tax, ginseng tax, banquet tax, timber tax and bird's nest tax. The imperial court stipulated that business tax should be levied according to the size of the ship.
During the reign of Ruan Dynasty, the tax standards stipulated by the municipalities directly under the central government, the towns outside the northern city and the towns inside the northern city were different, but they were all formulated by the court. The tax standard of Jiading urban area is determined by Jiading General Town.
1803, Nguyn Phuc Anh successively opened coinage furnaces in hue, Hanoi and Jiading to cast Jialong Bao Tong. 18 10, a standard copper ruler for measuring land was manufactured and distributed to local governments; 18 13 years to make a balance and distribute it to all camps and towns. 18 1 1 year, ordered the abolition of the law of promoting virtue in the post-Li era, appointed Ruan Wencheng as the president, and presided over the compilation of a new law book. Ruan Wencheng and others refer to China's "Qing Law" and compile "Jia Long Fa Shu" (then called "Qin Law Example") with 22 volumes and 398 articles. 18 15, Nguyn Phuc Anh issued this law book all over the country.
Tr?n tr?ng· King, a Vietnamese historian, believes that the Jialong Law Book was promulgated after some amendments were made to the laws of the Qing Dynasty. Scholars in Yue * * * believe that the Jialong Fa Shu proclaims the absolute power of women's three obedience and four virtues and the emperor, which is "extremely conservative and stubborn" and "reactionary and retrogressive". Ruan dynasty followed the six-part system of the post-Li dynasty, with Shangshu as the head of each department and officials such as counselor, assistant minister, doctor, diplomat and principal. There is also a supervisory court to advise the emperor and impeach ministers.
Ruan dynasty followed the post-Li system, but abolished the assistant official position (that is, the title of prime minister) and replaced it with a university student. The college students in Ruan period were divided into Qin Zhengtang, Wenming Hall, Donggetang Hall and Wuxian Hall, and there were also co-organizers below.
As for the affairs of the palace, Nguyn Phuc Anh stipulated that the emperor could not establish a queen before his death. There are only concubines and palace concubines in the palace, which are divided into first-class to ninth-class according to the level; After the emperor died, the heir succeeded to the throne, and his mother was honored as the empress dowager. After the death of Empress Dowager Cixi, she was posthumously awarded as queen.
As for titles, Nguyn Phuc Anh stipulates that ministers with different surnames may not be knighted. Although the prince can seal the king, he cannot have real power. Nguyn Phuc Anh seized power by violent means, so most ministers in Nguyn Phuc Anh are military commanders. However, Nguyn Phuc Anh realized that governing the country also needed civil servants. Therefore, after Ruan was founded, he restored the imperial examination system abolished by Xishan Dynasty, established Confucian temples all over the country, established imperial academy in Hue, promoted Confucianism, and taught the Four Books and Five Classics.
Nguyn Phuc Anh also paid attention to the compilation of Vietnamese geography books and national history. Nguyn Phuc Anh ordered the compilation of books such as Unified Geography of Da Yue and Canon of Great Southern Congress. Records of the Great South began to be compiled. During the reign of Nguyn Phuc Anh, Vietnamese literature developed, and a large number of poems and novels appeared, including Zinan literature. The History of Great Southern China and the famous Biography of Jin were both published in this period. Nguyn Phuc Anh admired Confucianism. However, under the influence of western thoughts, Ruan in the East Palace is more inclined to Christianity, which makes him very dissatisfied. Therefore, before Ruan died, there were many ideological conflicts with him, and sometimes he even flew into a rage. However, Nguyn Phuc Anh still kept his promise and allowed western missionaries to preach freely in Viet Nam. During the Jialong period, * * * six missionaries came to Vietnam. They came from France or Spain. At that time, there were 300,000 Christians in * * under the jurisdiction of North City, while there were 60,000 Christians in Jiading City. But Nguyn Phuc Anh tried his best to advocate Confucianism to limit the spread of Christianity.
In addition, although most of the concubines in the palace believed in Buddhism, Nguyn Phuc Anh also restricted Buddhism in policy. He issued a law prohibiting people from offering sacrifices to gods and buddhas. Relations with France: Peter Paul tried to make Nguyn Phuc Anh close to and trade with western countries, but with Peter Paul's death in 1799, he ended in failure. The French emperor Napoleon I had the ambition to conquer Vietnam. He hoped to use Vietnam as a colony of France in the Far East to counter British hegemony in India. But Napoleon was too busy fighting in Europe to look east, and later he was exiled with Napoleon. After the restoration of Bourbon Dynasty, French Prime Minister Li Sailiu sent Cybertron to Tuo Port (now Da Nang), presented a frigate equipped with 52 guns as a gift to Ruan Chaoting, and also handed over the credentials of French king Louis Stanislas Xavier, hoping that Nguyn Phuc Anh would fulfill its commitments in the Treaty of Versailles between France and Vietnam. However, Nguyn Phuc Anh thought that he didn't get any practical help from France, so he refused the French request, took his credentials and returned the gift from France. Relations with Britain 1804, john roberts, an Englishman, came to Vietnam and asked to set up a business office in Chashan, Guangnan. Because Nguyn Phuc Anh bought weapons from the British East India Company in Madras and Kolkata, Nguyn Phuc Anh granted certain trade privileges to Britain in order to keep his promise. However, the request to establish a commercial pavilion was rejected, and the British gifts were also returned. Relations with China 1803, Nguyn Phuc Anh sent Zheng Huaide and Li Guang as special envoys to the Qing Dynasty. Nguyn Phuc Anh took the word "South" from Annan and the word "Vietnam" from Annan, and asked the Qing Dynasty to designate the country as "South Vietnam". However, Emperor Jiaqing believed that the land of "South Vietnam" in history was vast, and both Guangdong and Guangxi were in it. Nguyn Phuc Anh is full of Annan, but it is just the old place, so the word "South Vietnam" is called "Vietnam" in turn. This is the origin of the name of Vietnam today. The following year, Emperor Jiaqing sent Kibson, the provincial judge of Guangxi, to Vietnam, conferring Nguyn Phuc Anh as the king of Vietnam and giving him a golden seal. Nguyn Phuc Anh sent Li Bopin to pay tribute to the Qing Dynasty. The two sides agreed to pay tribute every three years. 1806, Nguyn Phuc Anh officially held an accession ceremony to determine the new country name "Yue", but still used the original country name "Da Yue". Relations with Siam and Truong La 1779, Nguyn Phuc Anh turned Truong La (now Cambodia) into a vassal state. However, when Jiading was captured by Nguy?n Hu? in 1782, Rama I sent troops to capture Wang Anying of Zhenla, forced his minister to join Siam and released him, and sent Zhao Piye and Abbebe to supervise the internal affairs of Zhenla. When An Ying died in 1796, Siam made his son Aung Chan II king. Anchang II was dissatisfied with Siam's rule and wandered between Vietnam and Siam in diplomacy. 1807 abandon Siam to pay tribute to Vietnam. This violated the interests of Siam. 18 1 1 year, Siam secretly supported Anyuan rebellion. Anyuan usurped the throne, and An Chan II fled to Jiading City and asked Ruan Chao's court for help. 18 13, Li and Angchan II were sent back to China and stationed in Nanrong (now Phnom Penh) and Lu Yan respectively, making Zhenla a a vassal state of Yue again. Anyuan went to Siam, and Siam is stationed in Battambang province today, hoping to make Anyuan king in this area. Lee wrote a book condemning Siam, which withdrew after reaching a settlement with Vietnam. During the reign of Nguyn Phuc Anh, there was no direct military conflict between Vietnam and Siam, while Zhenla paid tribute to both Vietnam and Siam.