Under normal circumstances, people's feelings are relatively calm, but once triggered by a specific external situation, some thoughts and feelings originally hidden in the chest may be stimulated and released, thus condensing into poems. There are three conditions for touching the scene: first, there must be an objective world (scene) that can arouse emotional activities; Second, the creative subject must have a certain psychological sensitivity that can stimulate subjective feelings because of the objective world; Third, the creative subject must have rich life experience and rich inner world.
Du Fu's "Ascending the Mountain": "The sky is windy, the apes are singing and the birds are singing, and the blue lake and white sand are returning. The endless trees are rustling leaves, and the Yangtze River is rolling unpredictably. Li in the sad autumn scenery, a wanderer all the year round, lives alone on the high platform in today's illness. Bad luck has a bitter frost on my temples, and heartache and fatigue are a thick layer of dust in my wine. " The first couplet highlights the desolate features of autumn, and the scenery is full of emotion. Zhuanlian has a broad vision and writes about the geographical features of Kuizhou Mountain City. "Touching the scenery" is both concrete and macroscopic. The Neck Couplet wrote about its own situation-"Wan Li is a guest" and "More than a hundred years of illness". At the end, the couplets are about the feelings aroused by bleak autumn scenery, vast landscapes and one's own situation-"bitterness, bitterness, hatred" and "poverty". As far as the scenery is concerned, late autumn, this desolate and remote mountain city, has a depressing and desolate taste. This situation and Du Fu's own "old", "sick" and "difficult" situation have expanded, making the sad mood stronger and stronger. The artistic conception of the whole poem is the artistic conception produced by touching the scene.
The scene in the poem is not a simple representation of the objective world, but is painstakingly managed by the author. This scene has a certain emotional orientation. Autumn scenery in Du Fu's works is bleak and desolate, and there is a tradition of "mourning for autumn" in ancient times, which accords with human nature. This correspondence between scenery and emotion makes the artistic conception more touching.
Second, melt feelings into the scene (empathy into the scene)
The so-called melting feelings into the scenery means that the author projects some feelings hidden in his chest into the described scenery, so that the described scenery is permeated with some subjective feelings, thus producing artistic conception. The difference between touching the scene and melting into the scene lies in: touching the scene produces feelings, and feelings are born of the scene. The same scene often evokes similar feelings; Emotion first enters the scene, and the poet injects emotion into the scene described, and different emotions will give the scene different emotional colors.
For example, Ouyang Xiu's "The Play Answers Yuan Zhen": "The spring breeze is less than the horizon, and there are no flowers in the mountain city in February. There are oranges in the residual snow, and the freezing thunder scared the bamboo shoots to sprout. When the geese return home at night, they feel homesick, and they feel rich in the new year when they are sick. I used to be a guest of Luoyang Flower, but Ye Fang didn't need to be embarrassed at night. " When Ouyang Xiu was young, he was demoted to Yichang Gorge Yizhou as an official. Yizhou town, located in a remote place, is separated by mountains and rivers. Although it is already February, it seems that the spring in the town has not yet arrived. But at that time, Ouyang Xiu was still young and ambitious, so although he was lonely and depressed in the deep mountains and obsessed with "homesickness", he was more keen on waiting for opportunities. Seeing that there are no flowers and no spring, he doesn't feel sad and desperate. The oranges in the branches of the poem and the bamboo shoots that want to germinate all imply a new hope of germination. He firmly believes that this road will be widened in the future. "Ye Fang doesn't have to cry at night", but she is still in high spirits for the time being, which is reflected in every sentence. It was Ouyang Xiu's insight and foresight that reflected his thoughts and feelings in the mountain city scenery in early spring, making the scenery warm and bright and refreshing.
Third, the scene is the same (scene fusion)
China's poetics attaches great importance to situational interaction, which can be said to be an organic combination of the first two situational relationships. Emotion and scene are interrelated and interpenetrated. "The scene is called two, but they are inseparable. God is a poet, and it is infinite "(Wang Fuzhi's Jiang Zhai Shi Hua). Take away feelings and write scenes in isolation, and poetry will lose its spirituality and appeal, thus losing its life. Simply writing about love, without the contrast of scenery, poetry will appear abrupt and unnatural, lacking image and meaning. Only the fusion of mind and matter can write a masterpiece with muddy artistic conception.