(A) the overall perception
This poem was written in 1942, the most difficult time in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. The poet Dai Wangshu was arrested by the Japanese military police for editing and distributing poems promoting the war of resistance in newspapers. In prison, he was tortured, but never gave in, and wrote the poem "I use a damaged palm". At that time, half of the motherland fell and the Chinese nation was in danger. In the poem, the poet faces reality, integrates personal misfortune with the destiny of the country, and expresses sincere care and love for the troubled motherland with profound thoughts and passionate feelings. At the same time, with the help of the imagination of poetry, he expressed his yearning for the "remote corner" liberated area.
This poem takes the association of "I" touching the map of the motherland and "invisible palm" as the lyric clue. "Invisible palm" refers to the poet's thoughts, associations, psychology and emotions, while "touch" refers to the unfolding of thoughts and associations and the flow of psychology and emotions.
(2) legal learning guidance
In this lyric poem, the poet began to imagine from the "damaged palm" and let it explore the map of the motherland in his mind. With the movement of the "palm", the author's mood has also changed. Poetry expresses the poet's longing for the application of the liberated areas and his eager expectation for the bright future of the motherland through concrete and tangible images. When reading this poem aloud, we should try our best to grasp its emotional clues, understand the changes of the poet's feelings, and carefully taste the poet's subjective feelings contained in the specific images described in the poem.
(3) Aesthetic appreciation
The beauty of unyielding will
This poem is a song dedicated to the motherland by the poet behind the bars of the invaders. The poet's palm was damaged and the land of the motherland was fragmented. Poets and the motherland share the same fate. In the enemy's dungeon, the poet groped for the map of the motherland with his "damaged palm". The vast land in the poem actually symbolizes the motherland. "Broken palm" is not only realistic, but also the unyielding will of the poet. In fact, the poet's inner love and hate, pity and sorrow, sadness and hope all come from his "broken palm" and "groping" for the motherland. Broken Palm is the materialization of a poet's sincerity and loyalty.
(D) Breakthrough of key and difficult points
[Analysis] This question aims to guide students to start with the images in poetry and grasp the thoughts and feelings expressed in poetry as a whole.
The images described in the poem are "damaged palm", "vast land", "snow peaks in Changbai Mountain", "water in the Yellow River", "rice fields in the south of the Yangtze River" and "litchi flowers in the south of the Yangtze River".
The poet stroked his vivid yearning for the motherland with his "damaged palm", recreated in his imagination scenes such as hometown, Changbai Mountain, Yellow River, Jiangnan, Lingnan and Liberated Area that had never been experienced personally, and expressed his inner changes with the feeling of his palm. At first, the poet was mixed with grief and indignation, but turned to eager anticipation, hoping for the national rejuvenation in the liberated areas.
2. The poem "I Use a Broken Palm" makes the author's emotional tendency more distinct by comparing before and after. Please analyze the original poem from the perspective of emotional color of words.
[Analysis] The means of expressing feelings in poetry are flexible and diverse, and various expressions can be combined to choose appropriate rhetorical devices. This topic is intended to guide students to understand and appreciate this poem from the perspective of language use.
The two parts of this poem are in sharp contrast. Judging from the emotional color of words, the first half mostly uses negative and cool words, such as: damaged, biting, lonely, haggard, dark and so on. It perfectly expresses the poet's unspeakable feelings for the suffering motherland. The latter part uses many positive and warm words, such as: new, distant, warm, bright, solid, vigorous and eternal, which strongly expresses the poet's firm belief that the anti-Japanese struggle led by China's * * production party will surely win, and the liberated areas are where the national rejuvenation lies.
(1) Like a lover's fur, a baby has milk in his hand.
(2) Don't live like an animal, but die like an ant.
(3) Explore this vast land.
(4) the sun is spring.
[Analysis] This topic aims to understand the thoughts and feelings expressed in poetry by understanding the meaning of some important sentences.
[Reference answer]:
(1) "Like the soft hair of a lover, the milk in a baby's hand" is a simile, which expresses the poet's tenderness for "this corner" with the metaphor of the relationship between lover and mother.
(2) "Don't live like an animal, die like an ant" is a simile, which vividly depicts the new life of people who can control their own destiny.
(3) "Exploring this vast land" is a metaphor, and "vast land" is the metaphor of China as a whole.
(4) "Where there is the sun, there is spring" is a metaphor, and "sun and spring" is used to describe the prosperity and vitality of the liberated areas.
[Analysis] The purpose of setting this topic is, on the one hand, to deepen the understanding of the images written in this poem, and on the other hand, to appreciate the author's originality in structural arrangement.
"I Use a Broken Palm" unfolds the content of the poem in imagination. In imagination, the poet's palm caresses the vast land. First, I occupied my hometown, then I went from the northern part of the motherland to the southernmost part, and finally I stayed in the liberated areas. Summarizing every characteristic scenery in the motherland, the author highlights the tactile functions of the palm (as well as the functions of the sense organs such as vision, smell and taste), such as "cool", "cold", "sliding out", "thin", "soft" and "dipping". In this way, the relatively extensive description objects are relatively concentrated, thus running through the clue of "palm feeling" and becoming an organic whole.